Distribution of the freshwater unionid mussels were investigated at twentythree localities of five river systems in Kanagawa Prefecture from September 2004 to September 2009. Five species,
Unio douglasiae nipponensis,
Inversiunio jokohamensis,
Pronodularia japanensis,
Anodonta "woodiana" (which encompasses
A. japonica and
A. lanta) and
A. calipygos were recorded from thirteen localities. It is noteworthy that living individuals of
U. douglasiae nipponensis were found at the midstream area of the Sagamigawa River accompanied by
A. spp., which is the first record for this species at this river system. Living mussels including glochidia of both
I. jokohamensis and
P. japanensis were collected from the branch of the Sakaigawa River. Some living individuals and many dead shells of
A.
"woodiana" were collected from eleven localities. Glochidia and juveniles of this species also found on the body surfaces of the fishes caught by dip net at the pond nearby the Sagamigawa River.
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