This paper covers the historical background to the process leading to the designation of the Yabakei Valleys, Mt. Hikosan, and Hita Basin area as one of the first Quasi-National Park areas in Japan in 1950, and also its relationship with National Parkway Planning in Japan as a new type of National Park after World War Two. There are many kinds of curious rock peaks with pine and oak trees, as well as old temples, villages, and agricultural scenery around the roads in Yabakei valleys. Some famous authors have left writings about the beauty of this valleys scenery since early in the nineteenth century. In Yaba-Hita-Hikosan area, more than 80 percent of the land is owned by private sectors, and most of this area has been used as plantation forest. Therefore, at first, it was considered difficult to keep the natural beauty in the area. In 1949 the government sought to designate this area as a new type of National Park like National Parkway. In the same year the government revised the National Parks Law, enabling the designation of Quasi-National Park areas. At last Yaba-Hita-Hikosan area was designated as a Quasi-National Park in 1950. This was based on discussions about designating a new type of National Park as National Parkway to keep the beauty of harmonious scenery of nature and artificial landscape with historical and agricultural elements combined.

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コンピュータやネットワークの普及により、学校教育全般でコンピュータネットワークを活用した体験教育を行う学校が増えてきた。しかしながら、一般的には、アプリケーションが単独に利用されていたり、独自の環境が構築されていても、その利用法がわかり難く、多くの科目間、他学校間で共通に利用しやすいシステムは少ない。本研究では、一般的な電子メイルを基盤に用いて、レポート提出、提出状況やレポート内容の確認などを、グループ間で、他学校間で容易に行うシステムを提案する。このシステムを使用することで、学生は、学内外から、メイラーやプラウザに依存せずにレポート提出や提出確認など一連のネットワーク利用が容易にできる。教師も、学内外から、出題、レポート提出やレポート内容の確認が容易にできる。

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　本研究は，1900-1920年に電気軌道が開業した地方16都市を対象として，都市構造，事業形態，経営戦略の視点より路線選定の意図および特徴を分析し，電気軌道敷設による都市基盤形成の特質を明らかにした．成果は以下の通りである．1）路線選定について，沿線施設の特徴や市外線の有無より「市内完結」，「市域外遊覧地接続」，「都鄙連絡」の3傾向があったことを示した．2）電気軌道の輸送規模は各都市の人口と強く関係し，人口9万以上の都市では市内で完結し，人口8万以下では市外線が設けられたことを示した．3）民間資本による経営戦略を背景に，各都市の第一期計画路線は，鉄道や港等の交通拠点，官庁施設や中心市街地，娯楽施設を一本もしくは複数本で効率よく接続する選定がされたことを示した．

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In this report, a short history and outline of wooden four wheel third class coach built by the Kokura works of Kyushu Railway Company in Fukuoka Prefecture will be explained. This wooden coach was constructed in 1897 and German-made; Van der Zypen & Charlier, same type coach became an example of it. Domestic-made this coach has been preserved at the Kyushu Railway Museum, Kitakyushu-city from 2004. Contents of this report are as follows. 1) A short history and outline of this domestic-made wooden four wheel third class coach. 2) Results of field study and relational analysis on the preserved two wooden four wheel coaches. 3) Significance on the history of technology of this wooden coach and conclusion of this report.

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本記事に「抄録」はありません。

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This paper describes the brief history and coupling mechanism of Tomlinson-type tight lock couoler. In Japan, this type of coupler was adopted by some private railways Teito Rapid Transit Authority Ginza Line for example. This coupler was invented in the United States and manufactured by American company, i.e., Ohio Brass Co. and introduced to Japan before the World War II. This coupler is very simple in its structure, only moveable part is key, and it is very smooth in coupling and decoupling moment.

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A program for surveying dental hygienic status of rural populations having no dental service has been undertaken. The present paper concerns with the situation of Yonozumura inhabitants in the Prefecture of Ohita. Judging from its geographical location, distribution of the communities within the district, population scarsity and its poor socio-economic situation, it seemed utterly hopeless for these people to maintain any sort of dental facilities at their own expense, while in fact the dental health status as revealed in the present study pointed to an urgent need for such facility. The authors is of the opinion that some means of finacial aids from either the national, prefectural or village budgets should be taken into consideration to establish and partly maintain such an institution for the benefit of these people. The minor occurrence of tooth decay in the primary and middle school pupils as shown in the present study may be ascribed to their diet habit consisting of sweet potato and rye as staple food and generally rich in vegetable as compared to the dietary regimen of urban people.

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The objective of this paper is to clarify the urban development process of Beppu City and its formation as a modern hot spring resort, from the beginning of the Meiji period until the outbreak of the Second World War.

One characteristic of the urban development of Beppu is that it began relatively early for Japan, and inter-city transportation between Beppu and Oita was established as early as 1900. These early developments were mainly realized by private capital, especially the transportation route between Beppu and Oita, which was operated by mainly local magnates and people from Ehime Prefecture. The urban development that started in the Meiji period eventually became the basis for Beppu’s modern hot spring tourism.

During the Taisho period, short-term visitors to Beppu increased. Cheap inns, built originally for customers of therapeutic baths, were converted into hotels, and additionally many accommodation facilities for short-term visitors were built. Moreover, land consolidation projects were carried out, and these newly-adjusted areas became home to new accommodation and entertainment facilities. The popularity of Beppu as a tourist destination gained momentum when the entrepreneur Aburaya Kumahachi and the city government started promoting and advertising it as a tourist destination.

When Beppu achieved the status of a city in 1924, tourism development was progressing well, and even more leisure complexes were constructed. From the beginning of the Showa period in 1926, the Beppu government started to advertise to tourists on an international scale. Two expositions were held, but after the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937, the number of foreign tourists started to decrease, and when the war situation worsened, the number of Japanese tourists also declined.

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　「軌道用敷石」とは，近代の都市交通の主役を担ってきた路面電車に欠かせない「板石舗装」〔1957（昭和32）年には全国の軌道敷舗装の78.84%を占めていた〕の表層に用いられる舗装材である．板石舗装用材として最も普及した軌道用敷石は，路面電車を支えてきた重要な石材だった．本研究ではこれまであまり研究されてこなかった軌道用敷石の体系化の基礎資料として，軌道用敷石の規格と産地を調査し，整理することを目的とした．その結果，軌道用敷石は舗装材の要求性能を満たす仕様（材質，形状，寸法，許容差，仕上げ）が明確な規格品であり，国内の主要6ヶ所の産地（茨城県稲田，群馬県沢入，山梨県塩山，岐阜県恵那，広島県倉橋島，香川県小豆島）から明治から昭和にかけて全国に供給された花崗岩であることが明らかになった．

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