This report deals with the count of circulating eosinophils and basophils in 86 patients with various kind of goiter during a year and one month from July 1965 to July 1966, This work has been made as a part of the study to evaluate the biological meaning of the number of circulating eosinophils and basophils in various experimental animals and human beings during past ten years.
In the first place, blood was taken from the ante-cubital vein of the patients during the time about 10 a, m. to noon and the number of eosinophils and basophils was counted using Manner's staining method and Arase's staining method.
In addition, to make sure the diagnosis, B. M, R, ¹³¹I-24-hour Thyroidal uptake, ¹³¹I-Resin Sponge uptake etc. were examined and Scintigram was performed.
Among 86 cases, 17 patients with untreated Graves' disease and Plummers' disease showed eosinophils below 50/mm³ and basophils below 10/mm³.
About 22 patients who had been treated already, both of Graves' disease and Plummers' disease, showed inrceased number of eosinophils and basophils. The same result was obtained in the patients with nontoxic goiter.
Moreover, sequential observation of circulating eosinophils and basophils during the proper treatment on the hyperthyreosis revealed that the gradual increase of eosinophils occured at first and followed by the increase of basophils.
From the results of this experiment, the count of circulating eosinophils and basophils seems to be highly valuable for the differential diagnosis of thyroid disease and to decide the treatment of Hyperthyreosis.

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The standard mean value of number of the circulating baso and eosinophiles of healthy Japanese were counted by staining of our original method and Manners' method respectively.
The blood to be counted was obtained from the antecubital vein and have been measured by the direct chamber method.
On the basis of the standard values of the number of circulating both kinds of leucocyte in 1 mm³ blood, the blood obtained from the patients of toxic, non-toxic struma and pregnant women at the moments of parturition were studied.
The results are summarized as fallows:
1) Severe decrease was found in cases of toxic struma and of parturition. About one third of both groups decrease to zero to one figure was found at the same sampling. On the contrary, both leucocytes showed rather increase in non-toxic struma.
2) By rational treatments, with recovery of symptoms of the patient, the numbers of baso-and eosinophiles in the blood showed also restoration to their mean value of healthy adults.
3) It seems conceivable that the decrease or increase of the circulating baso-and eosinophiles were due, at least, to hormones from adrenal-, pituitary-, thyroid glande and ovarium.
Functions of the autonomic nervous system have been considered to be intimately related.

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A 77-year-old male was admitted on March 29, 1977 because of fever, severe anemia and leukocytosis. On admission his hemoglobin was 4.6g/dl, platelet 2,000/cmm, and WBC 23,600/cmm with 1.5% blasts, 83% basophils (12% immature, 71% mature and no hiatus basophilicus). The bone marrow aspiration revealed 35.95% blasts, 29.4% basophils (21.5% immature, 7.9% mature) 24.9% eosinophils (20.85% immature, 4.05% mature). Neutrophilic alkaline phosphatase score was 29, Ph¹ chromosome was negative, and hepatosplenomegaly was not present. Following therapy with daunomycin, cytosine arabinoside, vincristine, 6MP and prednisolone, complete remission was obtained about 2 months later. Although maintenance therapy with 6MP and prednisolone had been given for 4 months, he was readmitted because of fever and pancytopenia. On second admission blood findings were 1,100 of leukocytes with 7% blasts, 6% basophils and 5% neutrophils in peripheral blood, and 55.6% blasts and 10.8% basophils in the bone marrow. He rapidly deteriorated by complicating pneumonia and heart failure and died on Oct. 29. He never showed the symptoms of hyperhistaminemia. Through a review of literatures, our case was not fully compatible with the definition of acute basophilic leukemia despite of the clinical features resembling to acute leukemia, but hematological findings suggested some relation to chronic myelogenous leukemia.

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The study aims to clarify the clinical significance of blood basophils. At the onset of the study, a quanitative analysis of the basophils were performed.
The cells decrease in their number at thirties of age and then increase gradually as human grows on. The motile type of the cells was divided into 3 types. The velocity of the movement is slower than that of neutrophils and eosinophils but faster than lymphocytes and monocytes. No chemoaxis to staphylococcus aureus is defected.
Change in number of the cells in various leukemias was determined, finding that in acute leukemia the number increases as a reflective of an improvement of hematopoiesis in bone marrow, but in chronic leukemia after growing worse in the clinical condition arises their increase.
In short alteration of the blood basophils is taken to be a reflection of effect of therapy in various leukemia.
Our direct method using Haemaccel is recommended to count the blood basophils in leukemia especially in acute leukemia.

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By means of counting circ, eosino-and basophiles per 1mm³ blood of healthy adults, the daily and yearly rhythmic alternation between these cell groups were found.
Eosino-and basophiles increase relatively at night and decrease in daytime. These cell groups also increase relatively in warm season and reach to highest in Aug. On the contrary, these cells decrease gradually in cold season and reach to lowest in Feb. Numbers of both leucocyte groups and total leucocytes show just opposite alternation daily and yearly.
These alternations are possible under the control of thalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical system.

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We have investigated the morphological and functional changes of basophilic leukocytes seen in the patients with blood dyscrasias and allergic disorders, and have obtained the following results.
An acute exacerbation seen in the patients with chronic myeloid leukemia can be indicated by the changes in basophilogram. Here, we grade the basophilogram according to the numbers of granules in basophilic leukocytes.
Changes in basophils are closely related to allergic reaction, for instance, asthmatic attack especially of the reagin type. No quantitative relationship was noticed between the numbers of basophils and amounts of IgE.
Specific immunological bindings of basophils to IgE can be seen most conspicuously in the cases of bronchial asthma, whereas these bindings are far less marked in healthy individuals and very weak in chronic myeloid leukemia patients.
Basophils can be found at the very site of the reagin type allergic reactions. This is well demonstrated in skin vesicle tests in which one can see numerous accumulated basophils.
Heparin contained in basophils will suppress the reagin type reaction. Thus, the basophils may control provocations of as well as reparings of allergic reaction.

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A 43-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with complaints of fever and general fatigue in Feb., 1986. In Aug. 1979, he suffered from peptic ulcer, and diagnosis of Ph¹-positive CML without splenomagaly was made, and then he was treated with busulfan for one year. On admission, there was no enlargement of liver, spleen and lymph nodes, and hematological findings showed WBC 17,400/cmm with basophilia (15%), and elevation of NAP score. From these findings he was diagnosed as accelerated phase of CML. After treatment with ACNU, basophils decreased temporarily. In April, he complained of fever, wheezing and urticaria, which suspected of hyperhistaminic syndrome. And then, immature and mature basophils increased up to 94% of WBC, and serum histamine increased. By morphologic and immunological studies, a diagnosis of basophilic (blastic) crisis of CML was made. He did't respond to chemotherapy and died of pneumonia with DIC in July, 1986. Autopsy findings revealed infiltration of leukemic cells in bone marrow, but no evidence of splenic infiltration. In this case, splenomegaly was absent during the whole course.

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Clinical examinations were performed in 1969 on patients with allergic occupational asthma caused by inhaling the body fluid of sea-squirts attaching to the shell of cultured oyster.
The allergic symptoms caused by inhaling the body fluid of sea-squirts were rhinitis, conjunctivitis, bronchitis and bronchial asthma. The sea-squirt asthma was observed in 43 out of 201 oyster shuckers. Positive skin test was seen in 95.2% of 21 cases with sea-squirt asthma. And Prausnitz-Küstner reaction of the asthma was observed in 10 out of 11 cases. Obstrutive disturbance in lung function tests was shown only in a few cases because examination was performed in resting intervals and the subjects were of old age. It is clear that there is a close relation between basophils and allergic reaction caused by sea-squirt asthma as shown by an increase of basophils in the pre-attack stage of working periods.

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ハウスダストおよび抗ヒトIgEに対するの反応性をヒスタミン遊離により観察し, かかるの反応性に影響を及ぼす諸因子について検討を加えた.1.非感作においては, 抗ヒトIgEによるヒスタミン遊離はハウスダストによるヒスタミン遊離に比べ著明に高度であった.2.感作においては, 抗ヒトIgEおよびハウスダストによるヒスタミン遊離はほぼ同様の値を示し, ハウスダストに対し反応性の高いは抗ヒトIgEにも高い反応性を示した.3.の反応性と皮内反応閾値との間にはある程度の相関関係がみられた.4.血清IgE値との反応性との間には相関関係はみられなかった.しかし, 血清IgE値が500IU/ml以下の症例では, の反応性は比較的低い傾向がみられた.5.発症年齢との反応性との間にはある程度の相関がみられ, 発症年齢が高い症例ではの反応性が低い傾向がみられた.6.の反応性と現年齢との間には相関はみられなかった.

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(I) The changes in the number of basophilic granulocytes in ear-venous blood of rabbits after injection of bovine serum albumin (BSA) to male rabbits non-treated or sensitized with BSA were studied. The results are as follows.
1. Basophilic granulocytes in the rabbits to which BSA were intravenously or subcutaneously injected once (the first sensitization) increased in number from +200% to +500% at 30 or 60 minutes later.
2. From 15 to 30 minutes after injection of BSA in the rabbits previously sensitized with BSA, the counts of the basophilic granulocytes dropped to nearly -100%, then increased in number.
3. A decrease of basophilic granulocytes caused by antigen-antibody reaction with BSA was also observed in vitro.
(II) 1032 patients which in our hospital were examined peripheral basophilic granulocytes by the direct method.
1. Patients The number of pasophilic grannlocyes in given steroid hormone were below normal range.
2. In the cases with eosinophilic granulocytosis or appearance of atypical lymph in the peripheral blood, many basophilic granulocytosis were seen.
3. In the patients with bronchial asthma, tuberculosis and usual infectious disorders, basophilic granulocytes frequently increased in number.
On the other hand, in the patients with collagen diseases, a significant decrease of basophilic granulocytes was observed.
4. The marked basophilic granulocytosis was seen for 100 to 120 days in the postsplenectomized patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.
The findings of the basophilic granulocytosis or granulocytopenia mentioned above were discussed in relation to immune reactions.

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アトピー型気管支喘息患者の末梢血を用いて, レアギン型アレルギー反応におけるの形態変化を観察し, 以下に述べる結果を得た.1. 微分干渉顕微鏡による生態観察では, anti-IgE 添加後, は運動亢進をきたし洋梨状を呈する.の顆粒の放出は, かかる運動亢進をきたし洋梨状を呈するの hand-shape 様突起の先端から, 徐々に1あるいは2, 3の割で放出される.2. 位相差顕微鏡による生態観察では, anti-IgE 添加後, の細胞内における顆粒の変化, 巨大空胞を含む大小種々の空胞の出現など, むしろ細胞内部の変化はより鮮明に観察しえたが, より hand-shape 様突起が出現する現象は観察できなかった.3. 脱顆粒試験では, アトピー型気管支喘息患者の好塩球に anti-IgE を添加した際, A form (洋梨状) の出現頻度は健康人に比べ高率であった.

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