This paper, taking Doi-Kachu in Aki District in the fief of Tosa as an example, seeks to clarify the historical process of the formation of samurai houses during the Edo period through an analysis of the existing settlement and surviving archival materials. Goto House, one of chief retainers of the fief of Tosa, resided in Doi (the fortress enclosed by the large embankment and mort) and the samurai house quarters for his vassals as called South (Front), East and West Town existed in front and both sides of Doi in the early Edo period. Such spacial composotion of Doi-Kachu was originated from the medieval castle town of Choso-kabe Family. Next in the middle of Edo period, North Town which was planned for the lower class was expanded at the northwest of Doi-Kachu and the dwelling lots of Doi-Kachu were redistributed according to three classes of samurai hierarchy. This was the turning poinf of Doi-Kachu from the view-point of the samurai houses in the Edo period.
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