This study was performed in order to investigate flow patterns around a control rod and flow-induced vibration characteristics of that in HTTR (High Temperature engineering Test Reactor). The control rod used in the experiment is a full-sized partial model of HTTR and consists of four control rod elements and a shock absorber. The simulated control rod was suspended vertically in circular duct. The experiment carried out up to Rein=22000 using water. Water flowed downward inside and outside paths of the simulated control rod. Flow patterns were visualized by the pearl pigment method and vibration amplitudes were measured by a noncontact displacement sensor. Fundamental flow characteristics around the control rod were observed, such as a counter flow in narrow passage and an oscillory flow in outer channel.

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"c+v" theory has been widely recognized as a fundamental theory which shows the relation between non-capitalistic family farms and the capitalistic economy, "c" and "v" express the constant capital and the price of agricultural labor or the required household expenses of a farm family, respectively. According to this theory, since "v" is prescribed by non-agricultural-employed laborer's wages, the rise in agricultural productivity brings profits and a land rent in addition to wages to some owner-farmers. Consequently, the farmer class decomposes capitalistics and employed laborers and capitalistic agriculture is born from owner-farming. With such an interpretation, "c+v" theory is regarded as the basic theory which shows the future vision of the capitalistic economy which includes owner-farmers. However, the vision of the formation of capitalistic agriculture with sufficient profits and a land rent has not been actualized in Japan. First of all, except for period immediately after the end of World War II, agricultural labor income has not been balanced by laborer's wages. It is shown clearly in this paper that the the theory has the following fatal problems. It depends on a semblance, "price of labor", and on an error in which value and price of small farmer's commodities are prescribed by laborer's wage law. The mechanism of formation of laborer's wages differs fundamentally from the value and price of small farmer's commodities. Therefore, "c+v" theory cannot be adjusted in the value theory and cannot have validity as a social economic theory. But, why, then, was such theory made into the basic theory on the agricultural problems? The reason is that it is exactly a reflection of the conflict included in the actual mechanism by which the farm family is reproduced, and that the conflict expressed by the mechanism of the reproduction of a farm family is the constant antagonism between the family farm and the capitalistic economy. This paper clearly shows from the structure of this reproduction that the subject entrusted to this theory is in the grasp of the conflict between capitalism and agriculture. Present family farming theory should be built by the result of capital accumulation movement rather than capital theory. However, the conventional theory which makes the cost price theory a starting point therefore is based on what the capital law realizes. Consequently, it has a fatal defect in dealing with problem exceeding capitalistic economy, such as agricultural environmental problems and national agreements regarding of supporting agriculture. That is the reason that we ask for the abandonment of "c+v" theory as the first step toward resuscitation of the theory on agricultural problems.

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本稿では,ヨルダン北部のアラブ・ムスリムの村に見られる,親族名称の呼びかけ用法を取り上げる。まず,約2年にわたる住み込み調査で得られた事例を提示したのち,それらのなかの,とくに的用法について考察する。同村で観察された的な呼びかけ用法のなかで,もっとも興味深く思われたのは,父親や母親が自分の息子や娘「yaba(お父さん)」と呼びかける類の用法である。この種の呼びかけは親愛の情を表すといわれるが,これは,呼びかけをを行う者が呼びかけの対象を自分に同一化させているからだと考えられる。このような的用法は,シリア地方(Bilad al-Sham)に広く見出される。そのほかに,親族でない者に親族名称でもって呼びかけることもあるが,そういった場合もふくめ,呼びかけにもっても頻繁に用いられる的な親族名称は,この村でも,他のシリア地方と同様`amm(父の兄弟)である。

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The fiction theory is probably that most widely held by lawyers who practise or study the English legal system. The advocates of the fiction theory maintain that an incorporated association has no real existence but that the law, by a dogmatic fiction, treats an association, when incorporated, as though it were an existing entity and attributes to this fictious being legal rights and duties. That theory was promulgated by Coke and Blackstone. It is essentially a product of the feudal structure of medieval society, for the fiction theory and the concession theory flowed together. The rigidity of the common law was the other foundation of that theory.
The rise of capitalism and the prosperity of companies lean towards the real personality theory. In particular, the old traditional dogmas have been discarded under the influence of equity. The realists insist that an association is a reality and that, when incorporated, it can have rights and duties and that incorporation is merely the recognition by the state of this fact. This theory served simplification of business transactions.
The non-entity theory grew up behind a screen of trustees or through the co-ownership doctrine of partnership. The external wall of trustees was kept in good repair and the aggregate theory of partnership stressed the individuality. The proponents of the non-entity theory are not interested in the question of whether or not an association is a reality. According to their conception only human beings can have rights and duties, and where an association is incorporated, rights and duties are in the human beings who are its members, although as a matter of convenience, they are spoken of as being in the incorporated entity.
In conclusion, corporate theories have been consistently maintained by artificial and technical fiction and whole theories developed aiming at equity and the needs of the times. In other words, English law expect that organized group will be reduced to the natural person, that is, right-and-duty-bearing unit. If we must find a fundamental idea of corporate theories, in Anglo-American law, it is relation, not will.

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1990年代以降の日本において活発化したコーポレート・ガバナンス論は，株主主権型と利害関係者型に大別されるが，会社自体論を基盤に検討すると，ともに，株主主権論に見る株式所有論への偏向と，経営者の位置付けに見る管理論的所有論の不足という理論的問題点が確認される。これは，企業支配論における理論的問題点として会社自体論で指摘されてきたところである。

　既存コーポレート・ガバナンス論の問題点を克服する会社自体論型コーポレート・ガバナンスの模索として，会社自体論的思考に近い問題意識からの議論を参照して得られたのは，「投資家としての株主」，「責任主体としての会社自体概念」という観点であった。

　ここにおいて，現代株式会社の支配やガバナンスの現実を，管理的所有を基軸に置きつつそれとの関連で株式所有をも理解し，両者を全体的・包括的に位置づける形のコーポレート・ガバナンス論の方向性を見出した。

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