Isolation Hospitals are one of the important hospitals in modern Japan, but there are many things that are unidentified about buildings form because there are few old buildings and reference documents. This paper tries to clarify the conditions for the planning of early Isolation Hospital by analyzing the contents of 21 practical books for infectious disease control (written by health official instead of architect) published from the Meiji era to the Taisho era.

 The summary of the conclusion is as follows:

 1) Conditions of planning early Isolation Hospital could be classified into building site (9 items), block planning (4 items), plan of hospital room (11 items). 2) In terms of building site, convenience for transportation was more important than quarantine at the late Meiji era. 3) The site was partitioned into clean area and contaminated area in the late Meiji era. Management in the hospital was strengthened by establishing a traffic disinfection station at the boundary between these two areas. 4) The ward plan of pavilion type appeared at in the Taisho era. 5) Open spaces, gardens and playgrounds for the patients were recommended. 6) Beds on wooden floor were recommended not to reduce the work burdens of a medical staff, but to keep the hospital rooms clean. 7) The main circulation of isolation wards was located on the south side of the hospital rooms and sub circulation for nursing and care was located on the north side of the hospital rooms. At the end of the Meiji era, glass was used at Shoji (sliding door) on the south side of the hospital rooms.

　オリンピック・パラリンピックや国際博覧会などの大規模イベント時には，観客の集中による群集事故や，地震・テロ等の突発事象の発生時の避難誘導など人の誘導が大切となる．日本では，歩行者空間の通行方向の案内が場所によって左右で異なっており，歩行者を適切に誘導する上での課題がある．世界的には，歩行者の通行方法は，自動車の通行方法と同じであり，施設の設計もそれに基づいて行われるため，スムーズな通行や避難誘導が可能となっている．本稿では，文献調査と道路交通法制の変遷を踏まえ，日本では歩行者の通行方法が一部しか定まっていないことを明らかにする．その上で，群集の特性に応じ，左側通行を基本とした，平時の歩行者の安全確保とイベント時の適切な誘導に対応した歩行者空間づくりのポイントについて整理を行った．