In major cities, where various urban activities are densely concentrated, a lo ng underground pedestrian space network is formed centering on major transportation hubs and underground malls from the viewpoint of highly effective use of land. These are not limited to those that connect public transportation and parking facilities to each other, but are also connected to commercial facilities and business facilities through public-private partnerships. Furthermore, these networks are growing while having various complex functions, such as those that form commercial spaces. This section outlines the changes in the social environment surrounding underground spaces such as underground shopping streets and underground walkways, and the changes and current status of legal systems.
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