[Introduction]
Falls and Injuries are a serious problem in daily life and sometimes cause to death or change in physical condition drastically, however, how and where people fall in residential area such as in the houses or on the roads are unknown. In this study, fall situation and dangerous place in daily life were clarified by analyses Ambulance Dispatch Data in Omuta City.
[Methods]
By using Ambulance Dispatch Data of 2016, case of falls were extracted and two analysis were conducted: comparison to public data in Tokyo and detailed analysis of Omuta’s data. In first analysis, public data related to falls of Tokyo Fire Department and fall data in Omuta except for traffic accident and disease were analyzed in order to evaluate data of Omuta. In Omuta data, exact fall cases could be taken after defining fall and using fall models and these were analyzed by each age and medical conditions after falls focus on fall places.
[Results]
From first analysis, it was clarified that average age of fall in Omuta was 10 years younger than that in Tokyo and more people in Omuta fell in houses compared with Tokyo. Second, all of data in Omuta was analyzed. The number of targets were 4,769 and that of fall was 1,272. Over half of fall cases happened in houses and 60% of fall in houses happened in living room and bed room. The number of fall cases of people in 55 to 59 years old started to increase sharply and the number of 85 to 89 years old was maximum in fall cases. In fall places, highest average age of people in falls was elderly facilities, followed in order by houses, roads, public facilities and work places. In medical conditions, falls in houses tended to cause serious damage for people, on the other hand, falls on the roads tended to course mild case. There were many fall cases related to toilet and these occupied 17.2% of whole fall cases and 32.3% of falls happened in houses. In fall cases related to toilet, the number of falls in toilet, corridor and bedroom was more than that in other area. Furthermore, by analysis of fall models and places, it was clear that there were many fall cases by stumble and some barrier outside of house in lot, however, there were few cases which people got severe damage by falls outside of site.
[Conclusion]
The number of fall cases happened in houses and in living and bed rooms were largest in all cases, in addition to that, the average age of people who fell in houses were higher than that on the roads or in the facilities, so it indicated that fall prevention in houses for the elderly was urgent in the future. Especially in fall cases in houses, falls related to toilet were most important because these falls happened in toilet, on the corridor and in the bed room and tended to get severe damage for people. By using fall models, the number of falls by stumble were large outside of houses in lot, so this results indicated that there were many barriers in the garden, garage, approach to the entrance compared with other areas. On the other hand, the number of falls by external forces were large outside of houses because of traffic accident. In population aging rate, Omuta had already become 20 years future situation of Japan, thus the results of this study would apply to other cities in Japan.
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