This paper focuses on how Japanese government's new policy on gender equality inherits and transfers to local governments' policies. Among various factors concerning the enactments, psychological processes of the deliberation committee are discussed.
In 1999 Japanese government enacted the basic law for a gender-equal society, which requires prefectural governments make action plans to pursuit its purposes. This law contains not only the ideal of gender-free but also wide and long span economical efficiency.
This gender-equal law also leaded to the enactment of the local laws (Jorei) or the action plans in some local governments. We compared two cases; one which made the law on gender equality, the other didn' t. Through the close examination of the committee proceeding recodes and interviewing, we found their members' values, experiences, knowledge levels, and behavior patterns played important roles to impose the purpose of gender equality policy.
In the case which didn't make the law, the committee members well discussed about the meaning of gender equality policy and ombudsperson system. Although this local government didn't make the law up to now, they tried to make a tailor made plan and policy which are best fitted to this particular city. On the other hand, in the case which made the law, the committee members were not strongly involved to the enactment process. This local government seemed to be more interested in the political and economical factors, though the alternatives tried to make the law with strong enforcing power.
In conclusion, the spirit of Japanese government's gender policy transfers to the local government policies in different ways, because the psychological foundations of committee members are not the same.

抄録全体を表示

Many previous locational surveys of library and other public facilities have been based on the use of location-allocation models, often utilizing the p-median solution. Unfortunately, such studies commonly lack a detailed comparison of actual patterns of location with the theoretical optimum thus derived. This note compares the actual visitor areas of public libraries in Hirakata City, Osaka, with the optimal areas obtained by the p-median solution and examines potential sites for new library location. A secondary aim is to consider the appropriateness of egg-shaped visitor areas within a city environment, as originally proposed by Kurihara et al. (1975).
Section two of this note describes the development of municipal libraries, followed in sections three and four with a presentation of the optimal pattern for visitor areas and a comparison of this pattern with actual visitor areas. The results indicate that some areas (meshes) are still without adequate library provision, but that this shortfall could be overcome with the provision of two new branch libraries (fig. 5). Since no alteration in location of current services seems necessary, discussion on the hierarchy of library provision is deemed inappropriate. The results also indicate that the hypothesis of egg-shaped visitor areas does not apply in this case.
More realistic results could be achieved by the following: consideration of the different attributes of library visitors; consideration of different modes of transport used to get to libraries;
and collection of truly objective measures of populations and distances.

抄録全体を表示

To the present, it has been difficult to know the reality building stocks in Japan, this study proposes to observe a trend for stock and demolition of wooden dwelling houses. The study calculated the trend with using the average life span in Osaka 3 districts by fixed property ledgers. In the result, the trend was clarified on following 4 aspects.
1. The stock is previously on a downward trend.
2. The demolition will be over the stock in 2030.
3. The stock is under way to be renewed steadily.
4. The trend may be greatly influenced by location of the district.

抄録全体を表示