本研究の目的は石川県輪島市における産業廃棄物最終処分処理場の建設計画に関する住民投票を通じて、日本の自治体における住民投票のあり方を再考するものである。とくに全有権者の５０％以上の投票を成立要件とする、いわゆる「５０％条項」は、意図的な投票棄権や投票への諦めを誘発するもので、住民投票の趣旨である市民自治の理念に照らした場合、公正さを著しく阻害するものである。それはつとに指摘されてきたが、実際にどの程度の市民が、どのような影響を被るのかは日本では明らかにされてこなかった。本研究では石川県輪島市の住民意識調査を通してその実態を考察する。現在も日本の多くの自治体で採用されていることを問題視し、住民投票条例に盛り込まれている「50％条項」（有権者の2分の1以上の投票）の改正もしくは絶対得票率への条例改正を提言する。

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The purpose of this paper is to make clear the educational activities toward tsunami disaster in Taro-cho, Iwate Pref. and the regional structure of the education system for the disaster. The author investigated the education system of the various public organizations such as school, local government and so on, and the private opportunities at homes, local communities and so on for the prevention of tsunami disaster. The author analyzed them from the geographical point of view, and finally considered the most effective education system for tsunami disaster prevention. The results obtained here are as follows.
1) Traditions about tsunami have played an important role as the regional education system of disaster prevention in local communities. Today, the traditional system of local communities has broken down, and the opportunities for civil educations of tsunami disaster prevention have been remarkably decreasing. On the other hand, the education for disaster prevention at school has been treated as one of safety educations. Therefore, school education has not been interested in disaster occured at the local society.
2) Various educational activities toward tsunami disaster have been developing in Taro-cho, Iwate Pref. Thoughtful educational considerations are included in many activities for the tsunami disaster prevention planned by schools and local administration. Tsunami disaster which occurred at Taro-cho are good teaching materials in the course of social studies, and the special activities are planned at primary and junior high schools. People who has experience in tsunami disaster talk one's own experience at home. Consequently education of the disaster prevention is carried as the tradition.
3) At present many families have no people who has experienced tsunami disaster. Information of the tsunami disaster from schools and local administrations give those families chances to talk about the past tsunami disaster. There are some relationships between child's interest in tsunami disaster and his home environment. Therefore it is necessary that the conversations and education about tsunami and its disaster are maintained by people. It is important that various institutions give all home much more information about tsunami disasters.
4) Local study education should be treated at schools. Especially, education of social studies should play an important role. And physical geographic education, a part of social studies education, should adopt local disaster prevention in its curriculum.
Various educatonal institutions, including home and local society, should enter into an organic relationship. And it should be organized an original regional education curriculum of disaster prevention.

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住民投票とその後の選挙で投票結果にズレが生じる「民意のねじれ」とも呼ぶべき現象がしばしば起こるのは何故か。これまで一般的には,「政策か人か」という投票対象の違いなどによるものと考えられてきた。だが,こうした解釈は「民意のねじれ」の一部分を説明しているに過ぎない。そこで本稿では,両者の年代別投票率の違いに着目した。両者を比較すると,若い層ほど住民投票での投票率が高く,また「反対」傾向も強い。徳島市の住民投票では通常の選挙の傾向とはやや異なり,40代の投票率が最も高く,20代と70代以上が最も低かった。こうしたデータを基に,住民投票と選挙では各年齢層による投票参加の傾向が異なることもまた,「民意のねじれ」に一定の影響を与えている可能性が高いことを明らかにした。以上の分析結果から,最後に,住民投票で若年層の投票参加が高まる要因などについての仮説を提出する。

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