樹脂加工布の種々の消費性能を支配するキュアリング工程に対して, 消費科学的なあらゆる面からみた最適条件を設定すると同時に, 既存の条件の適否の判定を行う目的で一連の検討を幅広く行ったが, まず本報では, 基礎的な裏付けとして加工時における樹脂の硬化反応および樹脂と繊維分子間の架橋結合の進行状態を連続的かつ動的に把握した結果を報告する.
自由減衰振動法による動的粘弾性の測定から, 代表的な尿素系, メラミン系, グリオキザール系各樹脂について, 種々な加熱温度における剛性率の時間的変化を観察し, それより硬化速度定数, みかけの活性化エネルギーを算出して次のような結果が得られた.1) 硬化反応の進行は平衡に達するまでにかなりの時間を要し, 常法の条件では30～50%程度の硬化度に止まった.2) 硬化速度はメラミン系が最も小さく, グリオキザール系が最大であった.3) みかけの活性化エネルギーはメラミン系が最高で8.8kcal/mol, グリオキザール系が最低で5.0kcal/mol, 尿素系は7.7kcal/mol程度であった.

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The microforming of surface cavities is a promising method of creating a functional surface on a metal workpiece. In a previous report, basic ideas on a method for and characteristics of metal-formed surface cavities as information transmitters were described. In this study, for small samples or small areas for storing information, the possibility of miniaturizing surface cavities is explored in terms of metal forming and the decoding of the 2D bar code with a PC-based optical measuring system. Dots with a 16-fold higher density of 840 DPI and a pitch of 30 μm on a mirror-finished metal plate were successfully metal-formed and decoded. The limitation of the miniaturization was the need to limit the diameter of surface cavities within 120% of the pitch of the dots. In addition, the effect of the surface roughness of the workpiece was examined to confirm the applicability of this method. Hairline-finished or abraded test pieces were successfully decoded with an enhanced inclination of lighting angles and/or additional image processing for enhancing the optical contrast between the background and the dotted cavities.

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Microforming of controlled cavities over workpiece surfaces is a promising application of metal forming although it is not yet popular. Metallic surfaces can thus have the function of reliable and durable information transmission that can be used, for example, in quality control, recycling and the disposal of industrial parts. However, usually metal forming requires a set of tools that is suitable for producing geometrically fixed parts and has some difficulties adapting to various geometries corresponding to various information to be transmitted. In this paper, numerals and characters are converted into two-dimensional bar code symbols of the Data Matrix and QR Code by a PC software. The symbol images are exported to a PC-controlled dot impact machine and then all the white cells of the symbol are dotted onto a metal sample, for example a polished stainless steel plate, by a cone-shaped dot impact pin. The pitch of dots is fixed at 0.12 mm and the diameters of dots range from 28 to 68 μm depending on the setup of the machine. Dotted marks of even three hundred characters are rapidly decoded by a PC-controlled optical system that supports direct marking and is equipped with a CCD macrolens and a ring light guide. Further miniaturization seems possible owing to the flexibility of the measuring system in terms of cavity size, illumination and optical magnification.

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