Two kinds of operational methods (A and B) are proposed to a solar-heat/electricity hot-water supply system. These operational methods are based on the forecasted insolation of next day, i. e., after the insolation of next day is forecasted, the heat storage tank of the system is heated with midnight-time electricity (22 o'clock at previous day_??_8 o'clock at next day). In operational method A, the maximum power P_max is set to the midnight-time electricity. In operational method B, the minimum temperature T_Smin is set to the heat storage tank at 8 o'clock of next day in addition to P_max. The value of P_max and T_Smin, are determined using the simulation with meteorological data from 1991 to 1994. Using meteorological data of 1995, the operational methods A and B are compared with the normal operational method which does not consider the insolation forecast. The results show that the operational method A is economical when the forecast error is lower than 15%, while the operational method B is economical when the forecast error is higher than 15%.

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Three kinds of operation methods are proposed for a solar / electric power hybrid hot-water system. The operation method A is a conventional operation in which the storage tank is heated with the night-only electricity without forecasting insolation of a next day. In the operation method B, solar energy of the next day is forecasted, and if the energy is not enough for next day hot-water load, the storage tank is heated with the night-only electricity. In the operation method C, insolations until a few days later are forecasted. FIrst, assuming that the insolation forecast has no error, the simulation is conducted using hourly data of insolation and air temperature in Shizuoka city, 1996. The result shows that the electricity charge reduces to 64% in the operation method B and to 55% in the operation method C, compared with in the operation method A, and the insolation forecast is enough for until 2 days later. Next, assuming that the insolation forecast has some error, the simulation is conducted under the operation method B and C, and the electricity charge is calculated as a function of the error ratio (10_??_50%). The result shows that the electricity charge in the operation method C reduces to 71% compared with the operation method A, even if the error ratio is 50%.

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From the viewpoints of energy saving and environmental impact, a Chemical Heat Pump (CHP) system for ecofriendly effective utilization of thermal energy is proposed. The CHP can store thermal energy in the form of chemical energy by an endothermic reaction and release it at various temperature levels during heat demand by exo/endothermic reactions. As an example, the authors propose a CHP system using the CaO/Ca(OH)2 hydration/dehydration reaction for heat storage and cold/hot heat generation. In this study, we estimate the potential of the CHP application to night-electric power utilization systems and industrial drying systems. Some systems of CHP and Chemical heat Pump Dryers (CHPD) are proposed and the potential of the systems are discussed.

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The monthly energy and water consumption in the residential sector in Yamaguchi city between 2000 and 2009 was estimated by using statistical data on family income and expenditure and retail price surveys. By applying a modified Miura's estimation method, the estimated energy consumption is categorized according to type of use. Temperature sensitivity of the energy consumption is also studied.

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本研究では、住宅用貯湯式給湯システムのひとつであるヒートポンプ式給湯機を対象に、全国の一般住宅に市販機器を設置して実使用下での給湯負荷と機器稼働の実態を年間計測している。これまでに、2005年、2006年、2008年、2010年に市販の最新機種による年間の稼働状況を、逐次、本学会にて発表・公表している。本報では、2012年市販モデルによるフィールド調査の概要と経過を報告する。

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建物の下部に設けられる通常の開放型蓄熱槽のほかに,最上部に補助の蓄熱槽を設け,負荷側の循環回路を閉回路にする試みを行った.この建物は竣工後,現在まですでに1年8箇月余りを経過して,通年の運転実績を得ることができた.この試みが従来の開放型の方式に比して,どのような得失を持つものか,また本方式の経済性に関して,建物の高さ・深夜電力料金・契約受電容量・熱源容量・蓄熱容量・蓄熱利用率・ポンプ動力費・熱源動力費といった諸因子が,どのような関係を持つものか,年間の総負荷について経済考察を行い,併せて実績運転結果を対比,報告するものである.

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