The research on the Levantine Neolithic has long focused on the districts more or less favored by the Mediterranean climate, such as coastal regions, Jordan valley, or upper Euphrates basin. In this decade, however, the informations on the prehistory of inland Levant have increased at an accelerating tempo owing to some area studies carried out in Azraq basin, Palmyra basin, Transjordan Black Desert, and so on, which present some new, important problems. That is the case of the so-called “kite site” or “burin site”. In this paper the author introduces some new data and makes a short discussion on the former type of interesting site.
“Kite site”, hunting trap in desert, consists of two main parts: an enclosure and two (or more) long guiding walls converging to it. It shows very wide distribution from inland Syria, Black Desert, to Sinai or northern Saudi Arabia. According to the flint remains such as Amuq or Byblos type points collected inside or just around the enclsure, it is quite possible that some of kites are dated to the Pre-Pottery Neolithic B period, as is in the case of “burin site”.
In contrast to the rather limited perspectives so far described on the neolitization of the Levant, it is now more and more clear that the Levantine Pre-Pottery Neolithic B, the later stage in particular, consists of the following three versions interacting with one another; firstly, more or less sedendary farmer communities in fertile regions penetrated from the northern Syria and eastern Anatolia, secondarily, temporary harvester/hunter groups around the oases in the intermediate areas, and lastly, migrating, but, flourishing hunters of gazelle and other steppic games in inland step who seem to have been influenced from the Pre-Pottery Neolithic farmer communities in the western regions, but basically originated in the preceeding Natufian and Pre-Pottery Neolithic A gazelle hunters.

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櫻田智恵．『タイ王国を支えた人々―プーミポン国王の行幸と映画を巡る奮闘記』（ブックレット《アジアを学ぼう》45）風響社, 2017年, 66 p.

藤田　　渡

堀江未央．『娘たちのいない村―ヨメ不足の連鎖をめぐる雲南ラフの民族誌』京都大学学術出版会, 2018年, 354 p.

綾部　真雄

高倉浩樹編．『寒冷アジアの文化生態史』（シリーズ　東北アジアの社会と環境）古今書院, 2018年, 130 p.

田中　利和

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The headwaters of the Khabur river, northeast Syria, consist of a large fertile basin, which enjoys rich water resources. Previous archaeological investigations in the basin have been largely restricted to Chalcolithic and early Civilization sites, leaving earlier sites almost entirely unexplored. As part of the French-Japanese survey project led by Bertille Lyonnet (CNRS), two seasons' surveys were conducted in 1990 and 1991 in order to shed new light upon the earlier prehistory of the Khabur basin.
The surveys produced numerous prehistoric sites dating to as early as Lower Palaeolithic. The prehistoric sites in the basin show an interesting chrono-spatial distribution pattern. Particularly common are sites belonging to the Middle Palaeolithic and the Pottery Neolithic, while no Upper-and Epi-Palaeolithic sites have so far been identified. Lower and Middle Palaeolithic sites are situated on higher wadi terraces or hill slopes, and Pre-Pottery Neolithic sites are on the terraces along the Khabur. Pottery Neolithic sites are, on the other hand, found in various environments such as the lowland steppes, river/wadi terraces and hill slopes. Explanation for this phenomenon should be sought in a combination of many factors including change in land-use, subsistence, environments, and even post-depositional disturbance that might have occurred in the prehistory.

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The term “ceramics” means not only traditional earthenware, stoneware and porcelain made of baked natural clay but also “electro-ceramics” formed by sintering fine particles chemically obtainable such as oxide and sulfide. The ceramics is the first tool treated chemi-cally by the human beings about 10, 000 years ago. The ceramics of today, while inheriting its original tradition as a tool or object of art, has been contributing to the human society by giving birth to a multitude of electro-ceramics in response to the requirement of electric and electronic industries. The long history of ceramics reveals various kinds of instructive things in view of both technical and aesthetic points. Referring to the long history of ceramics, the present paper is to describe how various ceramics were invented and improved, and how electro-ceramics came up and progressed in association with civilization and science. The ceramic history also figures one face of Japanese technology, that is, a modification of foreign technology which should be overcome for the further progress of Japanese industry.

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