【目的】

【対象及び方法】120人の

【結果】1型と2型の差は見られなかったが、2色覚と異常3色覚の差は大きかった。異常3色覚の約半数が表を誤答し、2色覚では全表正解者は一人もいなかった。また、パネルD-15pass群がfail群に比べてわずかに正答率が高かったが、著明な差はなかった。

【結論】「先天

　The color vision test was deleted from school health checks in April 2003 in Japan, but there remains a need to know which children will require special color consideration in classroom activities. The Color Mate Test（CMT）was developed specifically to test for such needs, but the Ishihara Color Charts and the Farnsworth D-15 Test（Panel D-15 Test）continue to be used with greater frequency. The aim of this study was to clarify the characteristics of the CMT through comparison with other color vision tests.

　Study I: The subjects were 1,017 students（915 boys, 102 girls）who made mistakes in reading the Ishihara Test Charts when they were second year middle school students in 2000 and 2001, and later underwent secondary tests by the Nagoya City Board of Education. These students were dichotomized into pass or fail groups according to their Panel D-15 results. Students in the fail group were further classified as protan（P; red color deficiency）or deutan (D; green color deficiency). The Panel D-15 pass group misread an average of 0.57 cards on the CMT, while the P group misread 1.85 cards, and the D group misread 1.75 cards.

　Study II: The subjects were 47 males（age: 29.9 ± 16.9 years; mean ± SD）who underwent a detailed color vision examination between April 2005 and June 2009. Two kinds of color naming test（using color pencils and colored electric wires）were given to test for color discrimination problems in daily life. Using a standard of whether or not all the colors were named correctly in the respective tests, the color sensitivity and specificity were obtained with the CMT and Panel D-15. In the relationship between the CMT test and color naming mistakes, sensitivity was 100％ and specificity was 43％ with the color pencils, and sensitivity was 100％ and specificity was 42％ with the electrical wires. In a similar analysis with the results of the Panel D-15, sensitivity was 100％ and specificity was 27％ for color pencils, and sensitivity was 88％ and specificity was 21％ for colored wires.

　These results indicate that CMT is the most accurate measure of color discrimination ability in daily life, followed by the Panel D-15. The Ishihara test should be considered unsuitable for evaluating color discrimination ability in daily life. When there is a need to evaluate real-life color discrimination ability, evaluations using common colored objects are the most appropriate way to do this.

【目的】色覚検査において正常と診断されても色弁別能が弱いものは、Low normal color visionと呼ばれる。今回我々は、色覚検査では正常色覚と診断できるが、アノマロスコープにて混色等色域の拡大がみられる、Low normal color visionと考えられた父娘例を経験したので報告する。

【症例】17歳、女子。母親に

【結論】父娘ともアノマロスコープにて等色域の拡大がみられたことから、Low normal color vision と考えられた。石原色覚検査表やPanel D-15においておおむね正常と判定されても、僅かな誤りがある場合はアノマロスコープで精査することが重要である。

【目的】色覚補正眼鏡ダルトンレンズの有効性の報告。

【症例】1型2色覚、 2型2色覚各1名に対してダルトンレンズを装用して検査を行い、色の識別が改善するかを調べた。検査に用いたのは石原式色覚検査表、東京医大式色覚検査表、パネルD-15、アノマロスコープ、日本眼科医会ホームページの「

【結論】ダルトンレンズを用いると赤系統の色が明るく、緑系統の色が暗くなり、色を識別しやすくなる。効果は限定的で正常色覚を得られなかったが、適切なダルトンレンズを使用すれば

For assist in color discrimination of color vision defects, the method of observing objects through colored filter have been known. If red filter, which absorbs mostly all light except red light, is used, only the red objects can be highly visible. In this paper, a Heilmeier type guest-host liquid crystal device with magenta dye was applied to a filter type assist device for red-green color vision defect. This device can easily control transmittance of green light by changing applied voltage, and make green objects perceived to flicker synchronously. The subjective appraisal of the assist device in color discrimination was performed by five participants with normal vision using a constructed experimental system using a video camera and a PC with a vision simulator. For the confusion indices of the Panel D-15 test, the effect of the device was statistically significant at p-value < 0.01. Moreover, a participant with color vision deficiency assessed it and got results without color confusion on the Panel D-15 test.

大脳性