諏訪湖は江戸時代での干拓と共に湖面面積が減少し、さらに諏訪湖南側の低湿地の度重なる浸水被害に苦しんできた。諏訪湖沿岸部での浸水被害を軽減するために、江戸・明治時代に、湖尻 (釜口) の開削を行いさらに浸水被害住民と製糸工場側との話し合いによって、浸水被害も徐々に少なくなって来た。
ところが昭和の時代に入り、西天竜一貫水路建設に端を発し、湖尻を境に、上・下流域住民さらに天竜川を挟んだ竜西と竜東側の下流住民の間にも争いが発生した。この争いを鎮めた大きな一歩が釜口水門建設である。
本論では、浸水被害状況を1983 (昭和58) 年の「58災害」より概観した後に、諏訪湖湖面面積の減少と大正年代での浸水被害の減少を図より概観する。

抄録全体を表示

This paper examines the hard flat stones called Teppeiseki as the roofing material in Suwa district. The stones began to be used on roof in the Edo era to press roofing boards. The roof with boards and the stones varied during the Meiji era and finally changed into the roof with the stones and no boards. Above all the roofing made only of the diamond-shaped Teppeiseki stones prevailed for its good rainproof. The Teppeiseki stones started to cover the roofs of storehouses for cocoon in the 1890's and then spread to houses in the first quarter of the twenty century.

抄録全体を表示

　　　The Meiji Land Tax Reform freed land holders from the burden of feudal overlords.
　　　Instead of the feudal levies in rice, the Meiji Government required land tax to be paid in cash according to the fixed rate of land price. But how did the old levies in kind give way to the new cash tax？ To throw light on this point, I take Tokuchoo （levies documents of a village in Suwa district）.
　　　For ten years or twenty years just before The Meiji Land Tax Reform land holders of the village had paid two thirds of the feudal levies in cash and labor services, only one third in rice.
　　　The transition from rice to cash had already begun before The Meiji Land Tax Reform. One of its causes must be the growth of goods and services markets in the area.

抄録全体を表示

Writer has made studies about the effect of sunspot number on the yealds of paddy field rice at Suwa Region, Nagano Pref., using data for 271 years from 1690 to 1960. And following results were obtained.
(1) Bad harvests of ten take place at about several years off and on when the sunspot numbers are minima in her 11-year period. On the contrary good harvests at the years when they are maxima (Fig. 1).
This tendency is seen when we use the absolute minima number of sunspots, that is, in many cases harvests of paddy rice are bad at the years when the absolute numbers of sunspots less than 40 (Table-2).
(2) Years in which the annual mean temperature are less than the normal value, are correspond ing to years when the sunspot number are less than about 40 (Fig-2). And this fact is more notable in summer, but in winter is little (Fig-3 and 4). The same tendency is seen in the summer duration of sunshine, too (Fig-6).
(3) Hot summers next to hot winters are frequently seen in the time when sunspot numerous, and cold summers next to cold winter are seen when they are small.

抄録全体を表示

共同浴場は，交流の「場」として重要な意味をもっており，毎日人が集まることにより，地域の様々な情報があつまる「情報センター」としての機能を有している（印南 2003）．しかしながら，現在，日本各地の共同浴場では利用者の減少，利用者の高齢化といった問題に直面しており，地域社会で共同浴場を維持管理する意味を問われている．本研究では，地域住民を主体とした自治共同的な取り組みによる温泉資源の維持・管理体制と地域住民の温泉利用，また共同浴場を支えている地域コミュニティに着目し，長野県における温泉共同浴場の存続要因を明らかにする． では豊富な湯量を生かして，一般家庭や共同浴場において，地域住民が日常的に温泉を利用できる体制が整っている．温泉共同浴場は市内各地区の64か所に存在する．その大部分は，各地区の温泉組合や区によって維持管理されており，地域住民のみが利用できる形態となっている．の温泉供給システムをみると，源泉の利用によって２つのタイプに二分することができる．Ⅰ型は，市が管理する源泉を利用するタイプ，Ⅱ型は，地区の温泉組合が管理する源泉を利用するタイプである．Ｉ型では，市内10か所の源泉が統合され，一般家庭（2160戸），市内の共同浴場（47か所）などに供給されている．この温泉統合は，1987年に完了したものである．しかしながら，その供給は近年減少を続けており，いかに温泉離れを食い止めるかが課題となっている．では，2012年3月から温泉事業運営検討委員会を立ち上げ，市の温泉事業のあり方について議論している． Ⅱ型では，市の統合温泉を利用せず，各地区で保有している源泉を用いて，共同浴場を運営，また各家庭に温泉を給湯している地区もある．市から温泉を購入する必要はなく，経営的にも余裕がある． 本研究では，Ｉ型の大和区，Ⅱ型の神宮寺区を事例に，温泉共同浴場の存続基盤を探った．Ｉ型の大和区では，の統合温泉を利用し，区の温泉委員会によって５か所の共同浴場が維持管理されている．大和区の世帯数は1,032，人口は2,441（2012年）であり，そのうち共同浴場を利用するのは119世帯（285人）である．統合温泉を用いて，自宅に温泉を引くことも可能であり，約450世帯が自宅に引湯している．大和区では，共同浴場利用者の高齢化が進んでおり，積極的に利用しようという機運は少ない．しかしながら，自宅に温泉を引く世帯から月に500円の協力金を徴収するなどして，共同浴場の維持管理に努めている．　Ⅱ型の神宮寺区では，自家源泉を保有しており，神宮寺温泉管理組合によって３か所の共同浴場が維持管理されている．隣接する４地区へも売湯していることから，経営に余裕があり，2005年～2009年にかけて３か所の共同浴場の建て替えを行った．神宮寺区の世帯数は670,人口は1,809である（2012年）．共同浴場の利用者は，286世帯（689人）と多くの利用がある．　大和区，神宮寺区のいずれも，御柱祭にみられるように地域の結束力が高く，その地域基盤から共同浴場も維持，管理されている．日常から行事や会合も多く，頻繁に顔を合わせる機会は多いが，共同浴場はその一翼を担っていると考えられる．しかしながら，大和区と神宮寺区では源泉の有無の違いから，経営基盤に差があり，それにより温泉共同浴場の存続基盤も異なっていることが分かった．利用者も少なく，経営的にも苦しい大和区で，住民が協力金を支払うなどしてまでも共同浴場が維持されているのは，諏訪の伝統を重んじる地域性が背景にあるといえよう．一方，神宮寺区では源泉を保有し，経営に余裕があることから，共同浴場の施設刷新を行っている．これにより住民の温泉利用が促進され，共同浴場は持続可能な維持管理体制を実現している．

抄録全体を表示

This study aims to clarify actual conditions of growth process and problems of the decline of suburban roadside retail areas from case studies for 3 old roadsides in Nagano Prefecture. Research areas have been formed from around the middle of 1970s and 67% of forming stores in areas have been renewed 1 or 2 times. In old roadsides under decline tendency large retail stores had been left to new retail areas because lands with better conditions, which are large lots of rectangular type in grid pattern of roads, have been developed newly. As the problems of old roadsides there are 1) increase of dosed stores, 2) corruptibility of public morals by changing from commercial stores to another uses, 3) increase of white signboards of dosed stores, and 4) corruption of town scape by worse rebuilding of individual stores.

抄録全体を表示

The diatom flora in the moat around Takashima Castle, Suwa City, Nagano Prefecture, was studied in January 2009. A total of 48 diatom species belonging to 26 genera were identified. The predominant genera were Navicula and Nitzschia represented by six and five species, respectively. Aulacoseira ambigua (Grunow) Simonsen was dominant. Rhopalodia gibba var. ventricosa (Kütz.) H.Perag. & Perag., Epithemia sorex Kütz. and Cyclostephanos dubius (Fricke) Round were also abundant.

抄録全体を表示

AI を用いて博物館に貯蔵されている白黒写真を自動的に着色。諏訪地域周辺の白黒写真を学習に使用することで、より地域に根付いた着色を実現することができた。

抄録全体を表示

Highly organic soil is widely distributed and deposited with large thickness at southeastern area of Suwa Lake in Nagano prefecture, where is known as one of Japan’s softest ground. The ground settlement has been accumulated more than 3 m in this area, hence exposed pile foundations can be found out everywhere the area. Also, it has been known that this area is much susceptible to earthquake shaking. Then, general site investigation tests were conducted on July 2015 at Konami in Suwa city, in order to evaluate the possibility of ground settlement in highly organic soil, and to discover the correlation between results of different sounding test. This paper presents results obtained from the borehole survey, Swedish ram sounding test and Swedish weight sounding test as well as the examination on the correlation between each sounding testing result. Further, the possibility of ground settlement of surveyed ground due to loading a new fill is considered, which was calculated based on results of laboratory physical, chemical and mechanical soil tests. As a result, we found that there is still the possibility of large ground settlement on this site.

抄録全体を表示

On July 19, 2006, several sediment-related disasters (debris flows and landslides) occurred in Okaya and Suwa, in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. In Okaya, no evavuation took place before the disaster, and two debris flows killed eight people. Nearby Suwa was evacuated voluntarily, before the debris flow struck. In Okaya, a debris flow struck a retirement home. The first floor residents were evacuated to the second floor. Neither the Okaya City Government nor the residents had thought beforehand that a debris flow disaster could occur and, therefore, had not prepared for it. The law related to promoting measures for sediment-related disaster prevention requires cities in areas specified by prefectures to develop a warning and evacuation system for sediment-related disasters. In Okaya, no sediment-related disaster warning areas had been designated and the city was not prepared. By contrast, Suwa was prepared and avoided the loss of lives. This paper points to the importance of information sharing, between city officials and residents, concerning warning of, and evacuation plans for, sediment-related disasters based on what we have learned from the disasters that occured in Okaya and Suwa ; it also introduces the utility of the Sabo Data Management Center (Sabo D-MaC) and other systems as a means of information sharing.

抄録全体を表示