フィリピン酸紫ヤム塊根粉末中のアントシアニン色素の安定性に関する研究の一環として, 蝶アントシアニン色素とpH, 温度, 紫外線ならびに窒素ガス中での貯蔵における影響について検討し, 下記の結果が得られた.
1) UBEおよびPAのANの23日後の色素残存率は, それぞれ 30℃ で 97% と 77%, 60℃ で 61% と 30%であった. 90℃ では4～5日でほとんど分解された.
2) UBEおよびPAのANをアンプル管に入れ, 60℃で23日間加熱した.空気中での色素残存率はUBEが62%, PAが30%であったが, 窒素中では, それぞれ約85%で安定であった.
3) UBEおよびPAのAN溶液に殺菌灯を直接照射した場合は6時間後約20～30%の色素残存率であったが, アンプル管中のPAの色素残存率は100%, UBEが約95%で安定であった.また屋外に放置した場合は両ANとも1日間で分解退色した.
4) PAのAN溶液に各種添加物を添加し, 加熱した結果, とくにレアスコルビン酸および過酸化水素水によって, 分解退色した.
以上の結果, UBEのANは, ANの中では温度には比較的安定で紫外線照射さえ避ければ十分に加工食品への利用が可能であると考える.

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This paper deals with the germination tests of pollen in common beans, using chiefly a tall variety Kentucky Wonder and in part a dwarf variety Masterpiece.
(1) The artificial medium containing 1% agar and 30% sucrose is most suitable for the pollen germination and the optimum hydrogen ion concentration is 5.4_??_6.0.
(2) The germinability of pollen is already recognized at the afternoon before the flowering. The percentage of germination increases, towards the time of anther-dehiscence and then decreases rapidly and the pollen grains almost lose their vitality 5_??_6 hours after the anthesis.
(3) The pollen of common bean is the starchypollen.
(4) The number of pollen grains per anther is very small, but it seems to be more thean that of peanut.
(5) The optimum temperature for the pollen-germination is 20_??_25°C and the temperature above 35°C is very injurious to the pollen-germination.
(6) The most favorable humidity for the pollen-germination is 80%. The resistance of the pollen to water is very weak.
(7) When common bean plants are treated by high temperature (25_??_30°C), the germinability of their pollen grains is injured seriously.

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In order to study the fruiting habit of “Issun” broad bean (a large seeded variety), the seeds were sown on the following dates: September 25, October 5, 15, 25 and November 4, in Awa Branch, Chiba Agricultural Experiment Station.
The plants planted earlier in the fall made pretty good growth byfore the hard winter season, and even in winter the bean plants continued their development. In the latter part of March, they started to make rapid growth, then stopped their growth at about the end of April, when maximum temperature exceeded 20°C, in all plots irrespec-tive to the dates of their planting. Consequently, the amount of growth was larger in the plants planted earlier than planted later in the fall.
The branching of stems was made according to a definite order. The number of stems per plant increased rapidly in the early part of May, and thereafter decreased by the death of the stems.
Only 58_??_67 percent of the floower-buds bloomed, and the remainder of the buds aborted before blooming. The earlier the date of the first blooming, the earlier the date of planting was. The number of flowers increased as the temperature went up in the spring, reached its peak, then dropped down uddenly at the middle of April, when maximum temperature exceeded 20°C. Three or four flowering cycles were observed in the planted earlier, while less cycles were observed in ones planted later.
5_??_9 percent of the flowers developed into pods. As the plants planted earlier bore larger number of flowers, they produced more harvested pods.
The greater part of pods developed from the first or second flowers in the cluster, and the rates of harvested pods to the flowers in the third: or higher flowers in the cluster were only 1_??_6 percent.
The fruiting cycles could not be found in rela-tion to the flowering time, but was found in indi-vidual stems, in which they occured in every four or five nodes, though there were some differences according to the dates of plantings of the plants.
Large pods were obtained from the flowers, which had opened between the latter part of Feb-ruary and the early part of March. The size of pods became smaller as the time of blooming was earlier or later than the above mentioned period.
The time required from flowering to harvesting was 43_??_78 days, 53 days in average, and the earlier the date of blooming, the more the time required. About 790°C degreedays of heat summation were required from blooming to harvesting of pods.

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Many reports have been published concerning the germination tests of pollen in many crops, but there on some factors affecting the germination of pea pollen. Four varieties were sown five times in the spring and one variety was sown four times in the autumn. The results obtained were as follows:
1. The germination percentage of pea pollen considerablly increased as the time during which pollen was placed on the artificial germinating medium grew longer from one hour to about 6 hours, but only slightly increased when the time grew longer than 8 hours. The elongation of pollen tubes showed similar results.
2. The artificial medium containing 1% agar and 20% sucrose is most suitable for the pollen germination.
3. There were no significant differences in germination percentage and development of pollen-tubes in the temperature range from 10°C to 30°C. 0°C and 40°C were very injurious to the pollen germiare only few reports in leguminous vegetables, es-pecially in peas. Then the studies were carried out nation.
4. The percentage of germination and the amount of growth of pollen was better in the dark than in the light.
5. The pollen gathered between 8a.m. and 5p.m. showed almost no differences in the germination percentage and elongation of pollen-tubes.
6. The germinability of pollen showed considerable differences according to the stages of bud deve-lopment. The fertility of pollen gathered from the buds of the day before anthesis, i. e. the day of the dehiscence of anthers, was the highest, and the pollen grains of the flowering day were rather poorer germinators. The pollen from the buds of the 4 days before anthesis did not germinate at all. Germinating ability was already recognized at the bud stage of 3 days before anthesis.

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中国の薬酒は疾病の治療・予防のために創製された方剤であり, 中医弁証に基づく組方原則により組成され, 多くの種類の疾病に対応できる方剤体糸を構成する。
このような中国薬酒の本質を解明するために, 歴代典籍の記述を参照して, 酒と薬酒の歴史を考証し, 酒の種類・薬性・宜忌についての記述を引用して酒の本性と特徴を詳しく論述した。これら基礎資料をもとにして, 中医学基礎理論の組方原則に基づく薬酒方剤の組成解析を実施し, 薬酒中における酒の地位は君・使両薬としての二重性を持つことを明らかにした。君薬とは定義通りの主薬であり, 使薬とは引薬・行薬勢・薬性制約・薬効改変の四種の作用を包含する。この方中地位の二重性は, 極めて特殊な事例であり, 薬酒方剤の特質を構成する最も本質的な因子である。
さらに, 薬酒方剤の分類を提示し, 著名な薬酒についての解説を行い, 薬酒使用上の注意点を指摘して安全有効な使用法を提言した。

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The long-range averages of monthly mean temperature for July and August and their standard deviations, which greatly affect the growing conditions of the rice plants, at the several stations in Fukuoka Prefecture, are presented. In Fukuoka Prefecture, according to the result, we have no such cool summer damages that the Nowthen Honshu and Hokkaido are often subject to, but contrarily have some hot weather damages.
In order to provide some basic data for planning the better types of the rice growing, the fluctuations in the long-range averages of the 10-day mean temperature, their standard deviations, and some ether climatic elements for Fukuoka are studied, along with the daily temperatures over the period of transplantation for the earlier crop and over the earing and flowering periods for the later crop.
Then, it is made clear that, as to the later crop, the cold weather damages to the rice plants during the earing and flowering periods will rather often occur here in the future.

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