暗記や勉強を行うときは、室内を歩き回りながら行うと効果的であるといわれている。しかしパソコン作業などのデスクワーク中に歩き回ることはできない。デスクワーク作業中に可能な運動としては微小揺脚運動(貧乏ゆすり)が考えられる。しかし、これは歩行に比べだらエネルギー消費が非常に小さくなる運動規模の非常に小さい運動である。本研究では貧乏ゆすりが良導絡(電気的な経絡)の自律神経活動に与える効果をノイロメトリー法による皮膚電気反応測定により吟味した。被験者は22-23歳の健康な男子10人である。運動時間は4分間である。貧乏ゆすり前に4分間、貧乏ゆすり後に8分間のノイロメトリーを行った。貧乏ゆすり前に比べ運動後の初めの4分間は良導絡の皮膚電気伝導が上昇した。次の4分間に大略元に戻る傾向があった。従って貧乏ゆすりのような小規模な運動といえど、統計的有意に良導絡自律神経活動を活性化することが示唆される。また、良導絡自律神経情報系LH_2およびLH_3に影響が大きく現れる傾向が見られた。逆に、 LH_5およびLH_6への影響は比較的小さい傾向があった。

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本研究は感性的側面から電動車椅子の機能・性能を向上させることを目的とする。健常者の日常行動を観察してみると、移動していない状態、例えば、座っている状態であっても人は非常に動的である。一見、必要性の感じられない着座時の剰余的運動は、目的が明快な動作と違い非常に感性的な意味を持つのではないだろうか。本研究では感性に関わると推測される動作要素の抽出過程から、既存の電動車椅子が持ち合わせないごく微少な動作（本論文では微動と呼ぶ）機能を可能としてゆくことによって下肢障害者が身体の調和を取り戻して行くことが出来るのではないかという考えに至った。特にオフィスでの使用を想定し次の微動運動に着目した。
・ストレス回避などのために行われるUG（無意識的動作：unconscious gesture をUGと本研究では略す）
・ 微少な位置修正
これら微動運動の動因について仮説を立て、微動運動を機器的に再現するための実験的なデバイスを設計・制作し評価実験の計画を立てたので報告する。

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This paper presents a writing state classification technique by a sedentary behavior sensing with a sensor equipped chair, which wirelessly monitors user's states such as his/her behaviors or physiological and psychological conditions, for the estimation of the user's subjective difficulty of a studying problem on a desktop. Avoiding user's discomfort, four load cells are equipped behind the seat plate of a regular office chair. The system simply measures the weight and the CoP (Center of Pressure) of the seat. These data are divided into time segments, which are labeled into four sedentary body sway primitives by the decision tree algorithm, and then the behaviors are derived from the number and the pitch of those primitives in a certain interval. System evaluation experiments resulted that it achieved more than 80% of labeling accuracy for the untrained users. We finally conducted a user experiment that shows its potential for desk work applications. The result of the experiment showed that our proposed system could classify user's states into writing state and the other states such as reading a document and watching movie at the classification rate of 87%.

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Introduction
 Seifu, devised in 1992 by Xu, is a therapeutic technique of “pulling the skin”. Its effects on the blood pressure, edema, and pain were previously reported in part 1. In this report, Electroencephalography (EEG) changes between before and after Seifu were evaluated.
Subjects and Methods
 The electroencephalograph was performed using an FM-717 biofeedback system (FUTEK, Yokohama, Japan).
 EEG was recorded for 1 minute each before and after Seifu, and changes in brain waves were analyzed.
 The subjects were 7 males and 39 females with a mean age of 74.7±16.2 years who underwent Seifu for 5 minutes or longer (5-30 mins, mean : 13.8±6.3 mins) a total of 131 times.
 EEG was also recorded for 1 minutes each before and after Seifu by 2 Seifu therapists.
Results
 The percentages of β-dominant (p<0.05) and θ-dominant (p<0.001) periods significantly decreased, and the percentages of α2-distribution (p<0.01) and α3-distribution (p<0.05) periods significantly increased.
 With one therapist, β waves decreased, after both the first and second Seifu treatments. With the other therapist, α1 and α2 waves increased, but θ waves decreased, after both the first and second Seifu treatments.
Discussion
 The results indicate that sleepiness was resolved, tension was mitigated, and the level of relaxation rose, after Seifu. In other words, Seifu brought about a feeling of calm wakefulness.
 This suggests an increase in serotonin secretion after Seifu.
 Serotonin generated from tryptophan is a neurotransmitter with an antidepressant effect and causes composure and a sense of stability. An increase in serotonin secretion is reported to induce calm wakefulness and α2-dominant EEG traces. Therefore, the results of our study suggest that Seifu treatment of a sufficient duration stimulates serotonin secretion.
 Seifu is performed by “simple and constant rhythmic movements”. The technique of Seifu closely resembles that of grooming.
 Such simple and constant rhythmic movements are considered to stimulate serotonin secretion, and grooming reportedly increases serotonin secretion in both the groomer and groomed.
 Therefore, the health of not only the Seifu recipient but also Seifu therapist is considered to be promoted by increased serotonin secretion.
Conclusion
 The changes in EEG traces after Seifu of a sufficient duration suggested increased serotonin secretion.
 Seifu is considered to promote the health of not only the recipient but also the therapist by increasing serotonin secretion.

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Industrial physicians who lack knowledge about developmental disorders cannot organize stories of both patients and their employers. This situation cause difficulties of taking countermeasures to the disorders. Therefore every industrial physician needs knowledge about developmental disorders.

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多くの話し手は,プレゼンテーションとは,自分の言いたいことを言うことと誤解している。プレゼンテーションとはプレゼントであるから,聴き手が聴きたいことを語るのが本来のプレゼンテーションである。プレゼンテーションに成功するためには,聴き手を分析し,目的と目標を分析し,場所と環境を分析する。そして,それらの分析結果に基づいて,プレゼンテーションのシナリオを組み立てる。プレゼンテーションで効果的かつ効率的に情報を発信するためには,時報を整理・分類し聴き手の聴きたい順番で提示すること,多くの情報を与えるのではなく情報はコンパクトに提示すること,そして,情報のもつ意味と聴き手にとっての意味づけをプレゼンテーションしなければならない。そして,実際のプレゼンテーションの場面では,言語と非言語を活用しながら,聴き手に情報を発信する。

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授業中に一般的に見られるマインドワンダリング（MW）はどのような契機によって終了し，学生達の注意が授業内容に再び向くことになるのだろうか．本研究では，授業中のMW からの復帰の契機について調査的に検討するため，186名の大学生に最新のMW の内容やその持続時間，MW からの復帰の契機について報告するよう求めた．調査の結果，大部分のMW は過去や未来に関するものであることや，復帰の契機の多くが授業内容に関連する外的な事象であることが示された．これらの知見に基づき，授業中のMW のメカニズムやその制御法について考察を行った．

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自然環境や人の心的環境である感性に注目し, ｢Breathing Design (呼吸をするようなデザイン) ｣ という新たなデザインの概念を提示した. 人中心のデザインアプローチであるユニバーサルデザインを意識しながら, コントラスティブな発想でモノ・コトを見つめ直してみると, 障がいの象徴のような車いすが, 未来ののりもののように見えてくる. 巨大化した機械を人間スケールにもどす, という考え方に立って, 次世代モビリティのあるべき姿を模索してみた.

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特殊教育学の分野で記号論をとりあげているのは、恐らく落合と山片だけであろう。両者とも重度の発達障害児の臨床研究に記号論を援用している。前者には広く認識論につながる志向があり、後者はより狭く指導法研究を志向している。本稿では、両者の論述を並記して参考に供したい。

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  Currently, the idea that developmental disorders may be associated with various problems that occur in schools has been well established. It is necessary to assist in various ways students with developmental disorders. However, acknowledging that the cause of various problems is from developmental disorders can easily lead to the oversimplification that the problem behavior of students is always from developmental disorders. However, it is more useful and less harmful to focus on the behavioral characteristics of each individual and make a specific response rather than over-emphasize the diagnosis. Therefore, apart from diagnosis, the author constructed a computer system model in which explanatory concepts are described in one dimension. Based on those concepts, and using various analogies, the author constructed training programs for teachers, and tested the programs in public high schools, junior high schools and elementary school to examine their validity. Post-program feedback (on a five-point scale) showed that the programs were generally well received: easy to understand explanation (4.70), easy to associate with actual cases (4.44), easy to think of concrete measures (3.88). In follow-up interviews, teachers expressed understanding of the training content and commented about their students based on that understanding.

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In recent years, researches on a very human-like android have became popular. The main purposes of past android researches were investigating: (1) how people treat very human-like android and (2) whether it is possible to replace existing communication media such as telephone or TV conference system, by androids as a communication medium. We found that androids have advantages compared to humans in a specific context.For example, the android drama that is one of a collaboration project with the artist, visitors reported that the android impress them especially when the android was reading a poem in the drama. We, therefore, did the experiment to investigate the advantages of the android compared to humans in the context of poem reading. An experiment was conducted to illustrate influences of the android poem reading.Participants were listened to the poem that was read by three kinds of poem reading agents: the android, the model of the android and the box. Experiment results showed that an entrainment for the poem gained the most highly score under the android condition. It indicated that the android have an advantage for communicating the meaning of the poem.

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動物園内で「狭い檻に閉じ込められてストレス!」と聞こえてくる来園者の声。展示されている野生動物の多くは飼育下繁殖個体である。本当に生まれ育った環境によるストレスを受けているだろうか。一方,刺激のない単調な生活や不適切な栄養学的管理にさらされたり,予防可能な疾病に罹ったりした場合はどうか。動物福祉は,感情的に論議されるにとも多いが,日本野生動物医学会では科学的な評価を目指している。動物園では展示動物の肉体的かつ精神的な健康を保つため,「環境エンリッチメント」手法を活用し,動物の立場に立った飼育環境の向上努力を行っている。また,動物愛護的観点からは疑問に思えるかもしれない野生動物医学を応用した飼育管理,「予防医学」と「獣医学的健康管理」を実践している。例えば,ワクチン接種,麻酔を伴う健康診断や外科手術は動物にとって短期的にはストレス要因だが,結果として長生きさせ,種の保存に関わらせる。得られた科学的データは野生個体群の保全に役立つ貴重な情報にもなる。生活の質を維持できない動物の安楽殺技術も精錬させねばならない。さらに,家畜・ペット種とのふれあい体験や展示動物の死亡と死因の情報公開など動物福祉教育の場にもなる。生死を展示し,野生本来の行動生態を魅せ,同時に個体ごとに工夫した展示動物の福祉の実践は,野生動物の福祉,つまり生息環境の保全にも通じる。科学的な検証と評価基準の整備も必要である。

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The present study aimed to determine the criteria for the screening of adolescents at risk. Four hundred and three adolescents (190 males and 213 females) were asked to complete questionnaires about their subjective minor physical symptoms and common behavioral problems. In the second stage of the study, screened adolescents and their parents were interviewed. Data were analyzed statistically using the Hayasi's quantification method of the second type and Pearson's correlation analysis in order to find out the relationships between these symptoms and other risk factors relating to their negative health states. The results indicated that there were some gender related differences of criteria in relation to the number and the type of symptoms and/or problems to identify adolescents at risk. Notably, in male adolescents, focus should be made on the type rather than the number of symptoms and/or problems to be considered, particularly headaches, stuttering, dizziness and so on. On the other hand, female subjects showed no specific symptoms and/or problems, but the case of having more than four symptoms and/or problems was significantly related to the female adolescents at risk. Case studies suggested that adolescents with major psychiatric disorder, e.g. neurosis and ulcerative colitis, showed less minor symptoms and/or common problems than the rest of the subjects.

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In the wearable computing environment, people handles various information any time and anywhere. This means that the input method needs to be prepared for a sudden input request in various situations. We investigated various restrictions for gestures in daily life and clarify the characteristics of gestures from the viewpoints of physical and social restrictions. In this paper, we propose an input method for changing gestures using by 4 modes which are sets of body parts and gestures in 3 condition which are sitting, standing, and walking. We verified the availability of the proposed method by experiments and confirmed the changing modes could be adaptable in various situations.

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