The purpose of this study is not only to describe the climate of Nishio city, but also to make an insight into the substantial structure of heat island phenomena by giving an example of Nishio city. So it is required to make the maps of energy balance in an urban area of Nishio city. For this purpose, the two methods were adopted; one was to make clear the diurnal variation of urban temperature, another to investigate the heat island phenomena seen on the ground temperature in and around an urban area.
The diurnal variations of the urban temperature were observed from May 31, to June 1, 1976. The climatic elements observed were soil temperature at the depth of 1, 6, 12 and 24cm, dry and wet bulb temperatures at the height of 0.5 and 1.0m, wind speed and direction at the height of 1.0m. At the same time, the moving observations on foot were made in the five groups. Also, those of air temperature by a car were made by using thirmister themometer. The results are shown in Fig. 5 to Fig. 9.
Heat island phenomena seen on the ground temperature were investigated by making the distributional observations of the soil temperature at the depth of 0.5 and 1.0m every month from March to October, 1977 except August. Also in May 31, 1976, the distrbutional observations of the soil temperature were made in datail. The results were shown in Fig, 10 to 12.
Finally, the factors causing the urban climate of heat island were considered by investingating the structures of the buildings in the city, that is, the materials and the height of the buildings, soil moisture, surface cover of the earth or etc., Fig. 13 indicates the distribution of the soil moisture shown with the depth of the ground water. The relationship between soil temperature and surface cover of the earth is shown in Fig. 14.
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