The behavior of electrification induced by light at the contact interface between a photopolymerizable layer and metal films was studied with the aim of developing a novel photofunctional material. Surface potentials from 10 V to 500 V were induced on the photopolymerized layer by peeling off the contact metal film after imagewise exposure, depending on the work function (3.63-5.1 eV) of the metals. The behavior of this photoinduced electrification, however, can not be accounted for by the contact charging model unlike the case that insulator films are used as contact materials.
Some experimental results suggest that this photoinduced electrification is attributed to the charge transfer involving the reaction of a metal and the radicals produced photochemically in the photosensitive layer.

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Recently, the participation of dental hygienists in maxillofacial rehabilitation has increased as the importance of perioperative oral care has become recognized. Dental hygienists require knowledge about maxillofacial prosthetics and appropriate oral care for patients who have maxillary defects. In our conventional education, instructors showed casts to the students and explain maxillofacial prosthetics for about twenty minutes. The aims of this study were to assess the effects of dental hygienist education for maxillofacial prosthetics and to improve our curriculum.
The students were asked several questions before and after two weeks of the practical course in two consecutive years. The first-year results showed that they gained knowledge but could not understand how to deal with patients with maxillary defects. Based on the first-year results, we modified our lecture and focused on oral-care techniques. The second-year results showed that the students gained not only knowledge but also motivation. The survey suggests that modification of the course improved their interest in maxillofacial prosthetics, but was not enough to change their future aspects.

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　重複子宮のうち片側の子宮頸管または腟が閉塞し，同側の腎無形成を伴ったミュラー管奇形は稀で，妊娠予後の報告は少ない．当院で経験した同側腎無形成を伴う片側閉塞性重複子宮合併妊娠7症例，9妊娠の周産期経過を報告する．7例中5例が腹痛のために病院受診し，留血腫に対し開窓術や片側子宮摘出術などの治療歴があった．妊娠子宮は9妊娠中健側5例，患側4例であった．健側妊娠1例は30週で原因不明の子宮内胎児死亡となった．生児を得た7例は全例頭位であったが，軟産道強靭や合併症のために帝王切開での出産となった．早産が3例，妊娠高血圧症候群が1例，妊娠高血圧腎症に伴う子宮内胎児発育不全を認めた症例が1例，出血多量となった症例が4例あった．このような子宮奇形合併妊娠に対し決まった管理の指針はないが，周産期合併症が増えることを予想し厳重な管理が求められる．

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As part of the JST project, we have been developing advanced high-temperature superconducting quantum interference devices (HTS SQUIDs) for biomedical diagnosis and nondestructive testing. In this paper, we show the recent progress of our research. First, we show a highly sensitive and reliable HTS SQUID sensor. Using HTS SQUIDs, we have developed advanced magnetic-sensing systems. We show the results of biosensing systems, such as magnetocardiogram measurement of small animals, magnetic immunoassay and low field MRI. We also show the results of nondestructive testing systems, such as evaluation of solar-cell panels, rapid and quantitative detection of water, and detection of small magnetic contamination. We demonstrate the promising results of these magnetic-sensing techniques.

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　近年透析患者の高齢化が進んでおり，透析患者における低栄養と生命予後の関連が報告されている．低栄養の主な原因は食事摂取量の低下と考えられているが，これまでの研究で歯科的要因の関与については十分に検討されていない．本研究では，透析患者の栄養状態と現在歯数および咬合支持状態との関連を明らかにすることを目的として，透析医療機関に併設する歯科口腔外科を受診した透析歴1年以上の血液透析患者155名を対象に歯科初診時の口腔状態と直近の栄養指標を横断的に調査し，その関連性について統計学的に検討した．その結果，現在歯数および健全歯根膜表面積より算出される咬合支持能力指数（Normal Periodontal Ligament Index: NPLI）と標準化蛋白異化率（normalized protein catabolic rate: nPCR）の間に有意な正の相関を認めた（Spearman 順位相関係数検定，p<0.05）．また，Eichner分類で群分けした場合（A群 vs B/C群），nPCRは2群間で有意な差を認めた（0.97±0.20 vs 0.90±0.17, スチューデントt 検定，p=0.023）．さらに，二項ロジスティック回帰分析の結果，nPCRが0.8未満であることに現在歯数やEichner 分類B/C 群が関連することが示された（それぞれオッズ比（95% 信頼区間），p値：0.945（0.907–0.985）， p=0.007，2.464（1.079–5.626），p=0.032）．nPCRはタンパク質摂取量を反映する指標であることから，血液透析患者において歯の喪失や不十分な咬合支持状態がタンパク質摂取不足に繋がる可能性が示唆された．本研究の結果から，血液透析患者の低栄養のリスクとして，歯数や咬合支持など口腔環境を考慮する必要があることが示唆された．

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【目的】栄養療法を行っている透析患者に対する透析中の運動療法の効果について，骨格筋量指標（skeletal muscle mass index；以下，SMIと略）に着目して後方視的に検討した．【対象および方法】当院に通院中の透析患者26名を対象とし，運動療法を施行した14名（平均年齢62.7 ± 7.55歳）を介入群，施行しなかった12名（平均年齢66.3 ± 12.5歳）を非介入群とした．両群ともに，日常的な栄養療法に加えて，管理栄養士・看護師が食事指導を行った．各群のSMIの6カ月での変化量と変化率を調査し，比較した．【結果】SMIの変化量は，介入群で6.44 ± 0.94 kg/m²から7.06 ± 1.00 kg/m²に有意な増加を認めた（p = 0.000）が，非介入群では有意な変化は認められなかった．SMIの変化率は，介入群が109.85 ± 7.13％，非介入群が99.90 ± 6.94％と，介入群が有意に高値を示した（p = 0.001）．【結論】透析患者において，運動療法と栄養療法での介入は，SMIを増加させる効果があると示唆された．

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光重合性のモノマーと光重合開始剤,連鎖移動剤を含む感光層と,接触物質である絶縁性カパーフィルムからなる系の光照射による静電帯電について検討した。光による帯電は,感光層に光照射した後,カバーフィルムをはく離すると,光重合部分とそれに接触するカバーフィルムの表面に発生した。この光重合にともない発生する重合層表面の表面電位は,同じ種類の接触物質を用いた場合,感光層の組成や膜厚に依存した。 接触物質として三酢酸セルmスを用い,感光層の組成を変化させ,一定量の紫外線を露光した場合,重合層表面に誘起される電位は,重合層の収縮率が大きくなるほど高くなる傾向を示した。 また,高分子フィルムを接触物質として用いた場合,重合層上に誘起される表面電位は,高分子の摩擦帯電列にほぼ依存した。例えば,接触または摩擦で正に帯電しやすい66ナイロンやポリビニルアルコールフィルムを接触物質として用いると,重合層の表面はマイナスに帯電し,その逆のポリエチレソや三酢酸セルロースを用いた場合にはプラスに帯電した。光重合による重合層表面の帯電電位が,接触物質の摩擦帯電列と感光層の収縮率に依存するなどの実験結果から,光重合にともなう帯電機構として,接触帯電をモデルとした機構について検討した。

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〔目的〕本研究は，血液透析患者に回転数を一定にした定量的な運動介入を行い，身体への影響を明らかにすることを目的とした．〔対象と方法〕外来透析患者27名（男性19名，女性8名，67 ± 10歳）に，回転数を一定にした透析中の仰臥位エルゴメータ運動を12週間行った．〔結果〕本研究の結果，1,800回転（60回転／分，30分間）の基準値の70％（1,260回転）を保てていた高齢者は，介入後に6分間歩行距離と長座体前屈が有意に増加した．多重ロジスティック解析で，1,260回転の回転数を下回るリスク因子として，糖尿病性腎症と6分間歩行距離低下が採択された．〔結語〕透析中運動では1,260回転の回転数をカットオフ値とし，1,260回転以上の運動を指導することで歩行機能改善に寄与する可能性が示唆された．

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5種類の目合(網目内径21.0,18.1,15.5,13.6,11.6mm)のかご網によるマアナゴ漁獲データに, カバーネット付きのかご網の漁獲を対照実験としてSELECTモデルを適用し, そのサイズ選択性を求めた。1995と1996年各々10月から11月始めに年10回, 計20回の操業を行った。この解析で各操業回のデータを合算できる条件は, 体長組成が同じ, もしくは試験漁具と対象漁具の漁具数の比が一定である。この条件を満たさない場合では異なる分割率パラメータを設定した。本研究で求めた選択性は, カバーネット法の結果とほぼ等しかったことから, 網目の効果と考えられる。

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Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify future issues brought about by pelvic infection after fertility treatment and laparoscopic surgery.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the background, surgical details, complications, and course of cases of pelvic infection that underwent laparoscopic surgery after fertility treatment at our hospital from January 2009 to April 2022.

Results: Seven patients aged 31-47 years were included in this study. One had peritonitis only, and the remaining six had tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA), of which five had ovarian endometriotic cysts and one had a mature teratoma. The infection was triggered by intrauterine insemination in two cases, oocyte retrieval in two cases, and embryo transfer in three cases. The median time from onset to surgery for the seven patients was 16 days, and the median time for the five patients who underwent emergency surgery was 7 days. Patients with peritonitis underwent drainage, those with teratoma underwent adnexectomy, and those with endometriotic cysts underwent cystectomy and cauterization. Four patients became pregnant at a later embryo transfer and had live births at term. Complications were not observed, but three cases had reinfection due to resumed fertility treatment.

Conclusions: Laparoscopic surgery can be safely performed for pelvic infections and TOA associated with fertility treatment, and in more than half of the cases, pregnancy was possible in the next cycle or later. However, prolonged hospitalization and recurrence in nearly half of the cases were observed. Earlier surgical intervention and infection prevention during fertility treatment need to be considered in the future.

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This study developed and examined the acceptability of zinc-enriched confectionery products in terms of taste and texture. Seventy medical staff who were blinded to the addition of zinc gave high scores to cocoa cookies, mizu yokan (a jelly made from red bean paste), and caramel on all tests. Forty outpatients who regularly visited our dialysis clinic were asked to consume these three products for 30 days. Both diet self-efficacy and zinc deficiency improved in these patients, suggesting that this dietary therapy can be continued for a prolonged period and may contribute to improved serum zinc levels in elderly hemodialysis patients.

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Orthoptera; Acheta domestica, Lepidoptera; Bombyx mori, Pieris rapae, Mythimnaseparata, Spodoptera litura were examined whether these insects were suitable as sci-entific teaching materials in the immunology field for high school students. Each insect was not just measured by its amount of hemolymph and hemocyte density, but also calculated the rate of adhered hemocytes to a slide and the rate of phagocytic hemocytes. Results of these data indicate that the use of lepidopteran is suitable for high school students in terms of both handiness and easiness of observation. Inkstick particles were used as foreign bodies in this experiment. Concentration of inkstick is the important point of this observation; it should be rubbed on an inkstone approximately 10 times and 0.05ml of inkstick should be injected into the body cavity of insects. In vivo and in vitro experiments were performed to examine whether each method leads to a different result or not. In vivo experiments were observed: ink particles were injected into the body cavity of insects. And in vitro experiments were also observed: drops of insect's hemolymph on the slide glass were mixed with ink particles. The two different methods showed almost the same results, which were easily observed within 50 minutes. These methods will allow easy observation for high school students. In addition, we propose two types of teaching materials in the observation of lepidopterous hemocytes phagocytosis for 50 minutes classes.

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