The purpose of this paper is to clarify empirically the structure of child's spatial cognition and perceived amount in the open field, through the drawing of scenery. And analized the development stages of turning ability of object figures from vertical to bird's-eye view, for the purpose of improvement of geographic education in the field of map reading and field work.
For the testee, authors chose pupils of elemementary school from 2nd grade to 6th grade in every two classes. The result of this study are summarized as follows:
1) Total scope of perception is about 10m in 2nd grade, 30m in 3rd and 4th grade, 50m in 5th and 6th grade.
2) In 3rd and 4th grade, perceived objects in number are considerably increased but in the length is not so completed.
3) Development of perceived amount is shows the peak in 3rd grade and 5th grade.
4) In 6th grade, perceiption in amount is mostly completed in height and width. In other hand, on the development speed of turning ability of object figures from vertical to bird's-eye view is different in sex, namely, in the case of boys, the ability is mostly completed in 5th grade, but in the case of girls, the development is stopped in the 3rd grade in low levels.
From these facts, authors could be derived the following conclusion on the field work method in elementary schools.
In the lower and middlie grades, field work is not so efficient. However, in high grades, they must be introduced the comprehensive field work with map reading in open field.
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