This paper studied the deliberation process of revise the Urban Planning Law by the Home Ministry in 1946. During the revision, two different legislative approaches, one to revise the Urban Planning Law while separately enacting the Regional Planning Law, and one to establish a law integrating urban and regional planning, were explored.

 The revision of the Urban Planning Law alone aimed to position urban planning as a matter that should first be promoted by local governments. At the same time, it was proposed to place the Zoning Code regulations under the Building Regulation Law of 1919, within the Urban Planning Law. In line with these amendments, it was necessary to enact a law for regional planning.

 Based on some proposed amendments, a preparatory committee for drafting the Regional Planning Law and revising the Urban Planning Law was set up, and began a full-scale study on legislation of issues such as implementation of urban planning led by local governments, coordination between cities, and regional planning to deal with unregulated urban expansion, which the Urban Planning Law before the war had not been able to handle. Not only officials in the Home Ministry Planning Division, but also technical officials of the War-Damage Reconstruction Institute participated in the preparatory committee, creating a framework of building and urban planning administrations to study issues in an integrated manner.

 The preparatory committee formulated a draft that integrated the Regional Planning Law and the revision of the Urban Planning Law, in which it was proposed to set up areas with a planned development coordination function in view of urban expansion. On the other hand, it was considered too much of a challenge in the situation at that time to give the authority of urban planning completely to local cities. In addition, it was regarded as a fundamental principle to separately institutionalize the methods for controlling urban development under both laws even while zoning, etc., of the Building Regulation Law of 1919 within the Urban Planning Law.

 In Japan, there were 92 cities which were applied to the Fireproof Building Belt (FBB) aimed to protect buildings from fire by the Fireproof Building Promotion Law (FBPL, 1952-61). Ofunato Town, Ofunato City, Iwate Prefecture was the city of the final application of FBB in December 1960. Ofunato City was a small local city which had 36,000 people. FBB in Ofunato City was located at Ofunato Town which was the central part of this city.

 In comparison with other cities which were applied to FBB before Ofunato, this application was unique. Because many of other cities were large cities more than 100,000 people, cities great damaged by WWII, or cities were prefectural capitals. But Ofunato had no reason which other cities had. In addition, the original purpose of FBB was to protect buildings from fire. In Ofutnato, there was no big fire after WWII.

 In this study, the author tried to find the reasons and meanings of application of FBB in Ofunato Town by reviewing administrative materials, articles of newspaper, and so on.

 After the Chilean Tsunami attacked Ofunato on May 24, 1960, Ministry of Construction (MOC) proposed that construction of embankments and application of FBB were suitable ways as measures of reconstruction to damaged areas. On the other hand, the city government of Ofunato thought relocation urban areas to higher grounds and construction of embankments.

 MOC thought that it was difficult for cities in Sanriku Region to relocation urban areas to higher grounds by their geographical features. And, MOC was seeking other possibilities of FBB at that time. Eight months before the Chilean Tsunami, the Ise Bay Typhoon attacked Tokai Region. Reinforced concrete structure buildings were not severe damaged at this typhoon. This experience taught MOC a new possibility of FBB.

 When people construct buildings on FBB, they were obligated to choose the structure as a fire-resistive building. At this age, people usually constructed a fire-resistive building by reinforced concrete structure. Therefore, MOC considered appropriate measures to construct reinforced concrete buildings against floods by applying FBB to damaged areas.

 Consequently, MOC chose FBB as their measures of reconstruction to damaged areas because they thought that it was able to reconstruct at the sites which they lived and to prepare tsunami in the future. Local governments which were severe finances obeyed MOC’s decision.

 In central part of Ofunato Town, there were many private own shops. The shopkeepers hoped to reconstruct at their own sites. Nevertheless, they opposed to construct embankments along the coast area which MOC listed as another measure.

 In light with these objections, MOC finally decided to construct embankments only at the entrance of Ofunato Bay, not along the coast area of Ofunato Town. Thus, measures of reconstruction in Ofunato were gradually emphasized FBB.

 This application of FBB to Ofunato City urged the revision of FBPL which under consideration. In 1961, FBPL which was mainly aimed to protect buildings from fire was revised to the Disaster Prevention Building Block Construction Law (DPBBCL) which aimed to protect them from not only fire but also various kinds of disaster.

 Some studies have claimed that the main reason for the revision of FBPL to DPBBL was that the concept of fire protection changed from linear to areal. But the author clarified that there was another reason of this revision.

 In Japan, condominiums for individuals were born after World War II, and the number of them increased rapidly after the act on building unit ownership, etc. established in 1962. Although there is accurate knowledge about early public housings, little is known about the early condominium projects planned by private companies. Among them, there is no specific research about "Co-operative House Series," condominium projects sold by Nippon Shinyo Hanbai Co. since 1956.

 We previously reported that Yotsuya Co-operative House, which is said the first private condominium project for individuals in Japan, was designed by Keiichi Kimura who was an architect of Sato Kogyo Co., Ltd. This study focuses on the architectural planning features and backgrounds of "Co-operative House Series" designed by him.

 First, this study analyzed the connection between Keiichi Kimura and "Co-operative House Series" using the pamphlet of "

　" made by Nippon Shinyo Hanbai Co., design drawings of "Yotsuya Co-operative House," "Daikanyama Co-operative House" and "Akasaka Co-operative House" drawn by Sato Kogyo Co., Ltd. and some documentations. As the architectural planning features of the "Co-operative House Series," they have the following common features: 1) sectional composition consists of L-shaped maisonette-type dwelling units, 2) field-shaped rooms layout, 3) flooring room as living room and kitchen.

 Second, this study analyzed housing construction projects Keiichi Kimura experienced in Ministry of Construction using documentations about Government Building Department, registered contents of Japan Federation of Architects & Building Engineers Associations and web search systems of the three large newspapers in Japan. We found that Keiichi Kimura experienced construction of the apartments for national government officials around 1949. As the architectural planning features of the apartments, we pointed out that they also have the field-shaped room layout and flooring room as living room and kitchen.

 Through the above analyses, we concluded that it is reasonable to support that the dwelling unit plans of the "Co-operative House Series" were influenced by the apartments for national government officials.

日本の都市封じ込め政策は、イギリスをモデルとした東京環状緑地帯から、アメリカの成長管理に近似した区域区分に転換した。この論文は、英、米、日本の都市封じ込め政策の歴史を比較し、以下のことを明らかにしている。(1)ロンドンの環状緑地帯は1933年に登場したが、その目的が都市封じ込めに特化するのは1955年以降である。(2)東京環状緑地帯は、1938年、空襲の脅威に備え、大都市の拡張を止める手段として登場したが、戦後、土地所有者の反対に直面し、1960年代、廃止された。(3)アメリカの都市封じ込め政策は、1950年代半ば、市街化の時期と順序を調整する地域制として登場した。(4)日本の区域区分論は、1958年、アメリカの方法が紹介された後、1960年に提案され、1968年、法制化された。