The political influence of the Japanese military rapidly expanded amid the tense domestic and international events following the Manchurian incident of 1931. For the purposes of coordinating national defense, foreign and financial policies, the Saito Cabinet in October, 1933. convoked the "Five-Minister Conference" as an inner cabinet. An additional significance of the meeting was its role in the political fortunes of Army Minister Sadao and his personal clique within the Army. Following appointment as Army Minister in December, 1931, the group surrounding the Generals , his close friend Masaki Jinzaburo and Hayashi Senjuro-they are to be called the protetype of the "Imperial Way Faction" -was elevated by factional patronage to a position of dominance within the Army. The institution of the Five-Minister Conference offered , the group's leader, an excellent opportunity to increase his power. The Conference also had its dangers to , however. When he failed to gain the Conference's approval of increased armaments to implement the Army's demands for a hard line against the Soviet Union, found himself politically stymied. He had attended the Five-Minister Conference in anticipation of Foreign Minister Hirota Koki's support and hence had taken no precautions. With the refusal of Finance Minister Takahashi on financial grounds, the Army's request was effectively rejected, and the Foreign Minister also withheld his support. next pinned his hopes for recovery on securing approval for his proposals of domestic reform from the Domestic Policy Conference, held in November and December. Once again, his plans could not gain a firm financial base and were defeated. found himself faced with a dilemma. He believed his resignation would bring down the Saito Cabinet, but he was apparently unwilling to take this action in the fear that new minister might be from an anti-or non- faction. On the other hand, if he stayed on in his present state without prospect his strong position within the Army would be badly shaken. The problem seemed conveniently solved when was incapacitated by an attack of influenza in January, 1934. His successor Hayashi Senjuro, on the contrary, allied himself with Nagata Tetsuzan and Tojo Hideki. Then they formed what I call "the early Control Faction" and together they entered into competition with and Masaki as the "Imperial Way Faction (in a narrow sense)" began to break up. It had been the Five-Minister Conference which had led to these developments.

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The explanation of that the inversion of doublets in certain alkali spectra is due to the spin-orbit interactions between the valence electron and the core electrons has been examined more closely, It is found that his “good agreement” between theory and observation is the result, of unjustified approximations and that the proposed interactions are entirely inadequate for the expiation of the observed inversion.

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In a reply to the writer’s criticism on his theory of the inverted doublets in certain alkali spectra, takes exception to the first of the criticisms that the effective charge for the f electron wave functions in Cu should be unity instead of 7.6. The present note presents arguments for this criticism and shows that the contention of is untenable.

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It has long been known in Britain that mortality from many causes of death is highest in the conurbations, decreases in large and medium-sized towns, and is lowest in small towns and rural areas (MCKEOWN and LOWS, 1974). Similarly, in the United States, metropolitan areas tend to have higher mortality than nonmetropolitan (SAVER, 1980). However, in Japan, we have demonstrated that the situation is reversed and rural residence increases the risk of death ( and MURATA, 1984, 1985 b). In this study, following the previous presentation in the 2nd Asian Conference on Health and Medical Sociology in Chiba, Japan (1986), we intend to summarize the effects of a wide variety of social life factors on the age-specific mortality ( and MURATA, 1986 a), life expectancy ( and MURATA, 1987), and age-adjusted marriage, divorce, and birth rates (UCHIDA et al., 1988) for Japanese males and females. Effects of these factors on the age-adjusted mortality of 8 major working and non-working male populations are additionally analyzed ( and MURATA, 1986 b).

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The Shimosato Formation comprises the lower part of the Kumano Group of the southeastern Kii Peninsula, southwestern Honshu. It yields such mollusks as Saccella miensis (), Cyclocardia siogamensis (Nomura), Macoma (Macoma) izurensis (Yokoyama), Cultellus izumoensis Yokoyama, Dosinia (Phacosoma) nomurai (Otuka), Periploma (Aelga) mitsuganoense , Thracia watanabei ltoigawa and Shibata, Turritella (Hataiella) sagai Kotaka, and Fulgoraria (Musashia) yanagidaniensis . The Periploma-Saccella-Cyclocardia and Turritella-Dosinia assemblages of the Shimosato Formation are inferred to represent lower sublittoral to bathyal and sublittoral environments, respectively. The fauna of the Shimosato Formation is comparable with the subtropical Akeyo Fauna of late Early Miocene age, based on the occurrence of diagnostic species such as Dosinia (Phacosoma) kawagensis , Thracia watanabei ltoigawa and Shibata, Turritella sagai, and Fulgoraria yanagidaniensis. The assemblages of the middle part of the Shikiya Formation and the lower part of the Mitsuno Formation are comparable with those of the tropical Kurosedani (subtropical Kadonosawa) Fauna of latest Early to earliest Middle Miocene age.

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Planting works of Allium × wakegi

bulbs is too heavy for old farmers to practice in the field because they have to work with half vent posture. Thus, the mechanization of the bulb planting process has been desired. When the bulbs are planted into the soil, farmers vertically put bulbs into the soil, and half of the bulbs are below the soil surface eventually. From a realistic viewpoint, it is necessary to develop an affordable system that can realize such a complicated process. This paper reports a trial of the development of a planting machine for the Allium × wakegi Bulbs.

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In this essay, the author attempts to reply to the criticism levelled at him by Mr. Moriaki in a recent article entitled "The Land Survey by the Sengoku Daimyo (戦国大名) and the Sakuai (作合) (Subletting Rent)" (see Shigaku Zasshi, Vol XC, No 8: Aug. 1981). In that article, Mr. judged as empirically unprovable the key point to the author's Sengoku daimyo land survey theory (see Katsumata Shizuo 勝俣鎭夫, Sengoku-ho Seiritsu-shiron 戦国法成立史論) which states that the fundamental principle underlying said surveys was to negate tax unit managers' rights under the previous shoen (荘園) system to reap supplementary land rent income and incorporate such income into a system of monetary evaluation of land yields (kandaka-sei 貫高制). That is to say, as opposed to the author's schema which equates tax additions gained by land surveying (kenchi mashibun 検地増分) tax unit manager appropriation of supplementary land rents tax unit field management income, Mr. attempts to resurrect his outdated formula which equates gains by surveying tax unit management income "off the record" fields (onden 隠田) hidden from the shoen tax system. In the present essay, the author, after investigating own empirical evidence, makes clear the impossibility of proving the existence of such a formula. Howeverr Mr. is mistaken not only because of the low level of his empirical proof, but mainly because he ignores the great historical significance which lay in the Sengoku daimyos' method of "on paper" surveying (sashi-dashi kenchi 指出検地) in favor of "field" surveys (joryo kenchi 丈量検地), which, he purports, were carried out in order to discover previously concealed taxable land. Moreover, because it is now possible to conceive of Hideyoshi's cadastres (Taiko Kenchi 太閤検地), which were fundamentally "on paper" surveys, as having adopted the Sengoku daimyos' method for carrying out their own land surveys -that is, as a grand finale to the surveying done by those feudal powers -the time has finally come for a radical re-investigation of the long established explanation proposed by Mr. concerning the origins of Taiko Kenchi.

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ワケギのゲノムとシャロット及びネギのゲノムとの相同性を検討するために, 4倍性ワケギとシャロットの雑種及び4倍性ワケギとネギの雑種 (ともに3倍体, 2n=24) について核型及び染色体対合を調査した.
4倍性ワケギとシャロットの雑種の体細胞染色体組の中の16本の染色体は2本ずつが同形•同大で8組の対をなし, 残りの8本の染色体は互いに形態が異なっていた.この雑種の核型はK(_2n)=2(7V+J^(t)₁)+(7V+J^T₂) の式で表された. 4倍性ワケギとネギの雑種の体細胞染色体組も同形•同大の染色体を8対有していた. この雑種の核型はK(_2n)=(7V+J₁)+2(7V+J^T₂)の式で表された. 両雑種の減数分裂第1中期における対合型はともに8_II+8_Iであった. また, 体細胞において形態上の対をなした染色体及び減数分裂において対合した染色体の大きさは, 4倍性ワケギとシャロットの雑種では相対的に大きかったのに対し, 4倍性ワケギとネギの雑種では相対的に小さかった. これらの結果から, ワケギは二つの構成ゲノムを持ち, その中の一つはシャロットのゲノムと相同であり, もう一つはネギのゲノムと相同であると結論された.

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[Purpose] The efficacy of diffusion tensor imaging in the prediction of motor outcomes and activities of daily living function remains unclear. We evaluated the most appropriate diffusion tensor parameters and methodology to determine whether the region of interest- or tractography-based method was more useful for predicting motor outcomes and activities of daily living function in stroke patients. [Subjects and Methods] Diffusion tensor imaging data within 10 days after stroke onset were collected and analyzed for 25 patients. The corticospinal tract was analyzed. Fractional anisotropy, number of fibers, and apparent diffusion coefficient were used as diffusion tensor parameters. Motor outcomes and activities of daily living function were evaluated on the same day as diffusion tensor imaging and at 1 month post-onset. [Results] The fractional anisotropy value of the affected corticospinal tract significantly correlated with the motor outcome and activities of daily living function within 10 days post-onset and at 1 month post-onset. Tthere were no significant correlations between other diffusion tensor parameters and motor outcomes or activities of daily living function. [Conclusion] The fractional anisotropy value of the affected corticospinal tract obtained using the tractography-based method was useful for predicting motor outcomes and activities of daily living function in stroke patients.

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This essay is based on the diary kept by General Suzuki Teiichi (1888- ) from September 27,1933 until August 29,1934. At the time Lieutenant colonel Suzuki (promoted to colonel in December 1933) served as the chief of the press section of the Army until March of 1934 when he resigned to become secretary of the research department of the Army Staff College, Suzuki was close to General Sadao who was the Army Minister until January of 1934. Thereafter, Suzuki became one of the important members of the Kodo-ha which was centered around General . This essay uses the informatibn from Suzuki's diary to analyze four important topics involving the army during the 1933-1934 period. First, we have looked at the different army factions which became politically influential after the Manchurian Incident. In particular, we have examined the process by which the anti-Ugaki party headed by Generals , Mazaki, Hayashi divided into the Kodo-ha and the Tosei-ha after General resignation in 1934. Secondly, we have examined Suzuki's relationship to those in the inner circle around Genro Saionji, in particular Harada Kumao, Kido Koichi, and Konoye Fumimaro. The third topic covered in this essay involves the relationship between the army and the cabinet. Finally, we have closely examined and analyzed the role of the chief of the Army press section. By using this diary, we have been able to examine the inner structure of the army as well as analyze some of the actions involving high army officers during this crucial 1933-1934 period.

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During a series of studies of neural processes underlying coma following concussive head injury, we recognized processes similar to those originally termed coma-puncture by et al. In this paper we will review the pioneer work by and his colleagues in light of current information. The data from their studies and our own observations suggest that sudden, disorganized excitation of extensive areas in the pontomesencephalic region may be associated with neural sequences resulting in activation of neural systems that actively inhibit responsiveness to external stimuli and thereby produce coma.

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ワケギ (Allium wakegi ) の球形成に及ぼす日長, 温度及び土壌水分の影響について検討した. ワケギはタマネギなどと同様に, 長日高温条件によって球形成が誘起されたが, その前段階の低温遭遇によって球形成に及ぼす長日効果が一層助長される特性を有することが確かめられた. 本土系が南方系より強い低温要求性を示し, その特性には生態的分化が認められた.
長日条件下では土壌の乾燥条件もまた球形成を助長した. その際, 内生アブサイシン酸の増加が確かめられた. また球形成初期に内生オーキシンの一時的な高まりが認められ, 球形成にはアブサイシン酸の増加とともにオーキシンの一時的な高まりの必要なことが示唆された. なお, 土壌の乾燥条件に対しては南方系が本土系より敏感な球形成反応を示した.

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Recent paper by S. Machida and T. Namiki proposed a very interesting idea of the generalization of quantum mechanics to macroscopic systems. Using this formalism, they have shown that the so-called “reduction of wave packet” in measuring process is explained without having the observer outside the measuring apparatus in the theory itself.
H. proposed a framework of general theory of physics, which is in accord with the idea of Machida and Namiki. Following these ideas, together with the experimental evidence of Bell's inequalities, we have now a strong feeling that the nature has in principle a structure which allows us to formulate the physical theory which is general enough to include hitherto existing theories both in microscopic and macroscopic scales. Some fundamental problems on these ideas are discussed.

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We proved the -Lieb-Thirring-type inequality for positive τ-measurable operators associated with finite von Neumann algebra (M,τ).

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We show how to calculate the ratio sets of G-measures as limit points of infinite products of the associated g-functions. In particular, we show that every g-measure is of type III₁

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