On 24 October, 1964, the British South Africa Company left Zambia. The Financial Times carried a full-page advertisement by : “Northern Rhodesia Now To Be Zambia”. This study attempts to understand the full historical significance of the in the general history of Southern Africa. An inquiry into the sequence as to how the acquired, enjoyed, and finally relinquished its share in mineral wealth of Zambia throws light on various aspects of this country's history during the whole colonial period.
The significance of the for Northern Rhodesia began with the company's possession of mineral rights. The acquisition and defence of its rights caused the to become involved in the complex political and economic mechanism of colonial rule. The was empowered under the Royal Charter of 29 October, 1889, to expand the British Empire and to exploit colonial resources. After the death of Cecil J. Rhodes, the London Board of the decided to make the company into a vital commercial enterprise. So long as the administered the territory, the burdens of heavy administrative responsibilities and the finance of the railways by debenture issues guaranteed by proved a great strain on the company's resources. It sought to maintain a favourable managerial environment which might bring in commercial revenue in order to deter troubles inside the territory and interference from outside. The saw the territory as a black labour reserve with European population minimally sufficient to operate the mines. The first requirement was that the African population of Northern Rhodesia should remain peaceful and cooperative. The from early times relied on collaborative groups among the African people.
The solution which the came to favour for its political status in Northern Rhodesia was joint administration with Southern Rhodesia, followed by the entry of both into the Union of South Africa. The settlers of Southern and Northern Rhodesia opposed the company's policy. The 's final recourse in such circumstances was negotiated settlement with the British Government. In consequence, Southern Rhodesia proceeded to responsible government, the was relieved by the Colonial Office of direct responsibility for the administration of Northern Rhodesia and could concentrate on preserving its commercial assets intact. The retension by the company of the mineral rights under the terms of the 1923 settlement and the development of the copper industry gave the “mineral right question” a prominent place in the political and economic history of Northern Rhodesia.

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It is common and accepted medical practice that the chemoprophylaxis-use of antibiotics could prevent or reduce the incidence of transient bacteremia after tooth extraction which might be a possible source of infective endocarditis (IE) .
This study was carried out to determine the acceptance and knowledge of chemoprophylaxis of IE by general practitioners.
Questionairres were mailed to 900 dentists in Fukushima Prefecture, and 202 were eligible for this study. The results were as follows: Most of the dentists understood the importance of antibiotics use for prevention of IE. However, since no approved official regimen have been published in Japan, the answers for usage of antibiotics by dentists varied and tended to be insufficient. It is considered necessary to establish a proper guideline for prevention of IE, which is more suitable for Japanese.

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