ナス'千両二号' (Solanum melongena L. cv. SenryoNigo) の未発芽種子を第三アミンであるDCPTAで処理して栽培育成すると, 収穫までの日数が短縮され,収穫可能な果実数が増加し, 成熟株における収穫量が増大した. 播種後107日目に行った収穫調査では, 3μMおよび30μMのDCPTAで処理された種子からの株において, 1株当たりの収穫可能な果実数や収穫量,収穫指数 (乾燥重量基準) が対照株に比べて有意に上回った (p<0.05). しかしながら, DCPTA処理は栄養生長にはあまり影響せず, 上記のような増収効果は株全体の生育とは関係が少ないと考えられた.

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As prickles cause labour inefficiency during cultivation and scratches on the skin of fruits during transportation, they are considered undesirable traits of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). Because the molecular basis of prickle emergence has not been entirely revealed in plants, we mapped an eggplant semi-dominant Prickle (Pl) gene locus, which causes the absence of prickles, on chromosome 6 of a linkage map of the F₂ population derived from crossing the no-prickly cultivar ‘Togenashi-senryo-

’ and the prickly line LS1934. By performing synteny mapping with tomato, the genomic region corresponding to the eggplant Pl locus was identified. Through bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) screening, positive BAC clones and the contig sequence that harbour the Pl locus in the prickly eggplant genome were revealed. The BAC contig length was 133 kb, and it contained 16 predicted genes. Among them, a characteristic 0.5-kb insertion/deletion was detected. As the 0.5-kb insertion was commonly identified with the prickly phenotype worldwide, a primer pair that amplifies the insertion/deletion could be used for marker-assisted selection of the no-prickly phenotype. Such findings contribute to map-based-cloning of the Pl gene and the understanding of gene function, ultimately providing new insights into the regulatory molecular mechanisms underlying prickle emergence in plants.

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　In order to develop a male sterile eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), cytoplasm substitution lines of eggplant were produced by continuous backcrossing using Solanum aethiopicum L. Gilo Group (i.e. S. gilo Raddi.) as cytoplasm donor and eggplant as nucleus donor. In the interspecific F₁ hybrids between S. aethiopicum Gilo Group and eggplant ‘Uttara’ and ‘Senryo

,’ only the F₁, whose paternal parent is ‘Senryo ’ was able to make BC₁. After the BC₁, ‘Uttara’ was used as a recurrent pollen parent to grow up to BC₅. The pollen staining ability decreased as the backcrossing generation progressed and completely disappeared in the BC₄ and BC₅. The highest percentage of fruit set was observed in the BC₅ with about 69%. The number of seeds per fruit was observed in BC₄ and BC₅ was relatively high. These indicate that the cytoplasm of S. aethiopicum Gilo Group has no notable negative effect on the seed fertility of S. melongena. Analyses of chloroplast DNA and mitochondrial DNA of the BC₅ confirmed that all backcross progenies had the cytoplasm from S. aethiopicum Gilo Group. A new male sterile line of eggplant could be developed by utilizing the cytoplasm of S. aethiopicum Gilo Group.

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This paper presents the results of on-orbit system identification of the Engineering Test Satellite-VIII (ETS-VIII), which was launched by the H-IIA Launch Vehicle No. 11 in December 2006. On-orbit system identification experiments were performed using data acquired during normal operations in the initial check-out phase, such as station acquisition and wheel unloading. The satellite's unconstrained modes were identified using attitude rates and data from accelerometers located on the main body, solar array paddles and large deployable antenna reflectors at various solar array paddle angles. In addition, the constrained modal parameters of the solar array paddles and large deployable antenna reflectors were estimated for comparison with the analytical model.

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The influence of electrolytic conditions on the copper electrowinning was studied in 5.0 kmol m⁻³ NH₃, 1.0 kmol m⁻³ (NH₄)₂SO₄ and 0.50 kmol m⁻³ Cu(I) at 293-298 K. Copper deposits potentiostatically obtained on the copper plate electrode at −0.30 and −0.80 V (vs. SHE) for 20 hours were a smooth plate and a crowd of nodules with order of 10 μm in diameter, respectively. Galvanostatic electrolysis was also conducted using the copper plate electrode for 20 hours. The copper deposits were confirmed to be smooth at cathodic current density of 300 A m⁻² and a crowd of nodules with order of 100 μm at 700 A m⁻². The current efficiency of the electrowinning was estimated to be over 90% at all conditions.

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Ralstonia solanacearum causes bacterial wilt and undergoes spontaneous phenotypic conversion (PC) from its wild-type to an avirulent form. In previous studies, we reported that pre-inoculation of plants with PC mutants suppressed bacterial wilt and Verticillium wilt in eggplants. In addition, we previously revealed bacterial differences in the control effects in eggplant among PC mutants; 8107PC and 8103PC were selected as effective strains for controlling Verticillium wilt and bacterial wilt diseases, respectively. In this study, we investigated the biological control efficiencies of 8107PC inoculation among 19 eggplant cultivars, including 13 commercial cultivars and six rootstock cultivars, to select eggplant cultivars that stably prevent Verticillium wilt using PC mutants. Varietal differences in biological control were confirmed. Additionally, cultivars with a higher potential resistance to Verticillium wilt tended to be more suppressed by the PC mutant, suggesting that cultivar selection is important to achieve effective biocontrol. Furthermore, we found that the biocontrol with 8107PC against Verticillium wilt in grafted eggplant seedlings of Solanum melongena ‘Senryo

’ onto S. torvum ‘Tonashimu’ was the most effective rootstock cultivar against Verticillium wilt. The biocontrol was more effective than the non-grafted seedlings inoculated with the PC mutant and the grated seedlings not inoculated with the PC mutant. We also investigated biocontrol by the 8103PC inoculation against bacterial wilt using grafted seedlings (‘Senryo ’ as the scion) with ‘Tonashimu’ or S. melongena ‘Daitaro’ as rootstocks. Although ‘Daitaro’ had a low control effect against Verticillium wilt, the grafted seedlings showed a high control effect against bacterial wilt, regardless of the PC mutant inoculation. Conversely, seedlings grafted with ‘Tonashimu’ were vulnerable to bacterial wilt; however, inoculation with the PC mutant completely suppressed the disease. Therefore, this study demonstrated that bacterial wilt and Verticillium wilt could be effectively controlled by inoculation with PC mutants in seedlings grafted with ‘Tonashimu’. The combination of grafting and PC mutant inoculation is expected to be effective for the combined control of Verticillium wilt and bacterial wilt diseases in eggplants.

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わが国の代表的なハクサイを中心とするBrassica campestrisの9品種及び捲心群に属するハクサイ3品種を用い,、葯培養における胚形成能の品種間差について検討した.また,アブラナ科作物の葯培養において最もよく研究されているBrassica napusの2品種を対照として用いた.B. campestris及びB. napusの菊を修正B5(KELLER and ARMSTR0NG 1979)培地に置床後ただちに30℃・14日間の処理を行ない,引き続き25℃で培養した結果,培養1ケ月ではいずれの品種においても胚の形成はほとんど見られなかった.(Table1).一方,35℃・1日間の処理では多くの胚を形成し,更に胚形成能における明確な品種間差が認められた.B. campestrisの中では,捲心群に属する'亜蔬1号'が極めて効率良く胚を形成した(Table2,Fig.1).しかしB. napusでは,30℃・14日間及び35℃・1日間のいずれの処理も,豚形成には効果的でなかった(Table1,Table2).そこで,`亜蔬1号'の他に捲心群に属するハクサイ3品種について,35℃・1日間の処理を行ない、葯培養における胚形成能を比較した.その結果,捲心群に属するハクサイの中には,1,000葯を培養した場合に得られる胚の数(効率)が10,000以上を示し,`亜蔬1号'より胚形成能がまざる品種がみられた.(Table3).本研究の結果,ハクサイにおいて,葯培養の胚形成能における品種間差が明らかとなつ,捲心群に属する品種では最も高い胚形成能を示すことが明らかとなった.この特性を他のハクサイ群に導入することができれば,葯培養による半数体育種法をハクサイにも適用することが可能と思われる.

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本研究室において,タバコ(Nicotiana tabacum品種Ky 57)で継代したキュウリモザイクウイルス黄斑系(CMV-Y)に2種のサテライトRNAが見いだされた(分子量の大きいほうをSat I,小さいほうをSat IIとよぶ)。本ウイルスのゲノムRNA (RNA 1∼3)接種により得られたウイルスにサテライトRNAは検出されなかった(このウイルスをCMV (-Sat)とよぶ)。CMV (-Sat)を接種したタバコ(Ky 57)接種葉の病徴はサテライトRNAを加えたものとほとんど変りなかった。しかし後者では増殖量は半減した。CMV (-Sat)+Sat Iで接種した場合,継代してもサテライトはSat Iのみが検出された。一方,CMV (-Sat)+Sat IIで接種した場合,Sat IとSat IIが検出され,継代するにつれてSat Iが優勢となった。CMV (-Sat)を接種したトマト(Lycopersicon esculentum品種福寿2号)には通常のモザイク症状が発現し,えそは生じなかった。CMV (-Sat)+サテライトRNAで接種したとき,全身えそが生じた。えそはSat IIよりもSat Iの混合により強く現れた。このえそ発現トマトからはサテライトとしてSat Iのみが検出され,トマトのえそ発現にはSat Iが深く関わっていることが示唆された。

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The leaching solution was prepared from either copper chloride (NH₃ solution and NH₄Cl) or copper sulfate (NH₃ solution and (NH₄)₂SO₄). Copper plates were immersed in these solutions and stirred at 298~353 K. The leaching speed of copper was calculated from the obtained weight loss data. Moreover, influence concentrations of NH₃ and NH₄Cl were investigated for the dissolution of copper.
The dissolution of copper was investigated in solutions containing differing concentrations of NH₃ and NH₄Cl. Insolutions of NH₃ (1~6 kmol m^-3) and 1 kmol m^-3 NH₄Cl (0~3 kmol m^-3) containing 0.5 kmol m^-3 Cu(II) at 313 K, leaching speed increased with increasing NH₃ concentration up to 2 kmol m^-3 and NH₄Cl concentration up to 0.5 kmol m^-3. Leaching speed of copper at 600 rpm was calculated to be 3.98 kg m^-2 h^-1 at 353 K in a solution of 4 kmol m^-3 NH₃ and 1 kmol m^-3 NH₄Cl containing 0.5 kmol m^-3 Cu(II). The leaching speed of 3.98 kg m^-2 h^-1 was faster than the 1.65 kg m^-2 h^-1 obtained at 600 rpm in a solution of 7 kmol m^-3 NH₃ and 1 kmol m^-3 (NH₄)₂SO₄ containing 0.5 kmol m^-3 Cu(II) at 353 K. The relationships between V^2/3 (stirring speed) and R (leaching speed) were approximately linear in both baths. On the other hand, the elevated bath temperature increased the leaching speed in a solution of 7 kmol m^-3 NH₃ and 1 kmol m^-3 (NH₄)₂SO₄ containing 0.5 kmol m^-3 Cu(II). The leaching speed of copper in an ammonia solution containing ammonium chloride was higher than that in an ammonia solution containing ammonium sulfate.

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植物病原細菌Ralstonia solanacearumは植物，土壌および培地中で非病原性株（PC株）に変異する．本研究では，PC株（E-PCstr）の接種によるナス青枯病の発病抑制効果を調査した．さらに，罹病性ナス12品種を供試し，PC株の接種による青枯病発病抑制効果の品種間差異を調査した．罹病性ナスに20 mLのE-PCstr（10⁶ cfu（colony forming units）・mL⁻¹の生菌，10⁸ cfu・mL⁻¹の生菌または10⁸ cfu・mL⁻¹の死菌）を接種し，7日後に，10⁷ cfu・mL⁻¹の病原性株8238rif（野生株8238のリファンピシン自然耐性株）20 mLを接種した．E-PCstrの死菌および生菌10⁶ cfu・mL⁻¹を接種した個体では，発病抑制効果はなかった．一方，高濃度のE-PCstrの生菌10⁸ cfu・mL⁻¹を接種した個体では，発病抑制効果が認められた．発病が抑制された個体では，E-PCstrの確実な定着が認められ，8238rifの垂直方向への移行抑制があった．E-PCstrの接種による発病抑制効果は，供試品種の中で比較的に青枯病抵抗性が弱い品種では防除効果が低く，比較的に強い品種では防除効果が高くなる傾向にあり，PC株の発病抑制効果に品種間差異が認められた．

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Hosokura mine is located at about 80 km north of Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture. The deposit is of the metalliferous vein type formed in the Miocene strata. The fissures of the deposit are different in pattern and development between the eastern and western blocks devided by northwest-southeast trending faults. On the eastern blocks fissures were formed mainly in the dacite lavas and on the boundary between dacite lava dome and surrounding pyroclastic rocks as gravity faults caused by the upheaval of pre-Tertiary basement. On the other hand, fissures on the western blocks were formed as gravity faults caused by the gentle upheaval of pre-Tertiary basement in the northwestsoutheast tension stress field.
Oiwake and Ohtori vein swarm in the northern part of the deposit belongs to the later group, while the Motogoya and Higashi- veins also in the northern part of the deposit belong to the former group.

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A novel energy-saving hydrometallurgical recovery process for copper from electronic scrap employing the Cu(I)-ammine complex has been presented on the basis of a thermodynamic consideration. In order to experimentally explore the feasibility of the leaching stage in this process, the copper leaching behavior from a printed circuit board (PCB) in ammoniacal alkaline solutions has been investigated under a nitrogen atmosphere. Copper in PCB was oxidized by Cu(II) to form Cu(I)-ammine complex ions. The leaching reaction can be expressed as: Cu+Cu(NH₃)₄²⁺=2Cu(NH₃)₂⁺. The Cu(II)-ammine complex significantly enhanced the leaching rate, while the Cu(I)-ammine complex slightly depressed it. Crushing of the PCB effectively enhanced the leaching rate, because the exposed metallic copper area is increased by the crushing. The effect of temperature on the leaching rate was insignificant. Consequently, the feasibility of the leaching stage in the proposed copper recovery process has been experimentally confirmed.

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