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顎関節症における関節円板のMRIによる検討

関節円板の前方転位の程度と復位および臨床所見との関係

松木宏真, 尾崎登喜雄

日本口腔外科学会雑誌
1999年 45 巻 4 号 241-251
発行日: 1999/04/20
公開日: 2011/07/25

DOI https://doi.org/10.5794/jjoms.45.241

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To determine the position of the anteriorly displaced articular disc, we examined temporomandibular joints by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 54 patients with unilateral temporomandibular joint dysfunction. MRI was done before conservative therapy in the occlusal and maximal open-mouth position. We drew a straight line connecting the lowest point of the articular eminence (point A) and the highest point of the external acoustic pore (point
E
) by tracing the sagittal view on MRI. On the standard A-
E
line, points
B
', C', and D' were sought by dropping perpendicular lines from the deepest point of the glenoid fossa (point
B
), the highest point of the condylar head (point C), and the most posterior point of the articular disc (point D). We then determined the sagittal position of the articular disc in the glenoid fossa by measuring the distances
AD
' and C'D' and sought the correlation between these distances and clinical findings. The results were as follows. 1. The distance
AD
' in 33 patients with MRI-defined irreversible displacement of the disc was shorter than that in 10 patients with reversible displacement (
3
.
7
±1.
9
mm vs
6
.
8
±2.0mm, p<0.0001). In contrast, the distance C'D' in the former was longer than that in the latter (
6
.0±1.
7
mm vs
3
.
4
±1.
5
mm, P<0.0001). Of 29 discs displaced anteriorly less than
5
mm in distance C'D', 19 (66%) had reversible or no displacement. However, 23 (
92
%) of 25 discs displaced more than
5
mm in distance C'D' had irreversible displacement. 2. Disc deformity and abnormal signal intensity bands in the condylar head closely correlated with distances
AD
' and C'D'. In 17 patients without disc deformity, mean
AD
' and C'D' distances were
9
.
8
± 2.
7
mm and 0.2± 2.
8
mm, respectively. In 19 and 18 patients with mild to moderate and severe deformity, the mean
AD
'(C'D') distances were
5
.
4
±1.
8
mm (
4
.
5
±1.
6
mm) and 2.
7
±1.
8
mm (
6
.
8
±1.
5
mm), respectively.
3
. Although distance
AD
' and C'D' did not correlate with clinical symptoms, the degree of anterior disc displacement correlated with the therapeutic effect of conservative therapy. The mean
AD
' distance (
7
.
3
±
3
.
7
mm) in 15 patients with a complete response to conservative therapy was longer than that (
3
.
4
±1.
4
mm) in
5
patients with no improvement. These results indicate that the sagittal position of the articular disc can be determined by MRI and that successful conservative therapy is unlikely if anterior disc displacement extends beyond
5
mm from the top of the condylar head, often resulting in irreversible displacement.
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Stimulative Effects of (
22E
,24R)-Ergosta-
7
,
22
-diene-
3β
,
5α
,
6β
-triol from Fruiting Bodies of Tricholoma auratum, on a Mouse Osteoblastic Cell Line, MC
3
T
3
-
E
1

Keishi Hata, Fuyuki Sugawara, Naganori Ohisa, Saori Takahashi, Kazuyuki Hori

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin
2002年 25 巻 8 号 1040-1044
発行日: 2002年
公開日: 2002/08/01

DOI https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.25.1040

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We screened the differentiation-inducing activities of 39 mushroom extracts from Akita prefecture, Japan, on the mouse osteoblastic cell line, MC
3
T
3
-
E
1. Sixteen phosphate buffered saline (PBS),
8
boiled PBS, 14 ethanol and 12 methanol extracts induced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, an indicator of MC
3
T
3
-
E
1 cell differentiation. The enzyme activities were markedly induced by extracts of Tricholoma auratum, and we isolated the active compound from methanol extracts of this mushroom. Physical data for the isolated active compound were identical to those for (
22E
,24R)-ergosta-
7
,
22
-diene-
3β
,
5α
,
6β
-triol (1). 1 induced ALP activities of MC
3
T
3
-
E
1 cells and promoted cell proliferation. To investigate the relationships between the chemical structure and differentiation-inducing activity of the compound, ALP-inducing activities of MC
3
T
3
-
E
1 cells by 1, ergosterol (2), ergocalciferol (
3
), cholesta-
3β
,
5α
,
6β
-triol (
4
),
7
-dehydrocholesterol (
5
) and cholecalciferol (
6
) were tested. The enzyme activities of MC
3
T
3
-
E
1 cells were increased
3
.0-fold by 10 μM 1 and 2.
4
-fold by 10 μM
4
. However, 2,
3
,
5
and
6
did not induce MC
3
T
3
-
E
1 cell ALP activity at 0.1—10 μM. These results suggested that the OH groups at C-
5
and/or C-
6
of 1 and
4
played an important role in their differentiation-inducing activities on MC
3
T
3
-
E
1 cells. Furthermore, 1 suppressed induction of MC
3
T
3
-
E
1 cell apoptosis by serum starvation.
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The production of nematode-immobilizing secretory cells by Climacodon septentrionalis

Joey
B
. Tanney, Leonard J. Hutchison

Mycoscience
2012年 53 巻 1 号 31-35
発行日: 2012年
公開日: 2023/03/31

DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/s10267-011-0128-1

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The ability of Climacodon septentrionalis to immobilize and kill a mycophagous nematode (Aphelenchoides sp.) in vitro is described for the first time. Two isolates produced droplets (20–45 μm in diameter) that formed at the apices of tall, stalked, and branching secretory cells (700–1,500 μm tall). On 2% modified malt extract agar, nematodes became enveloped in the droplets, which restricted their ability to move and resulted in complete immobilization and death within several hours of contact. The rate of decomposition of the nematodes varied considerably, with most individuals persisting for weeks whereas others were degraded within several days and appeared to be colonized by dense hyphal growth. This study provides the first documentation of a non-agaricoid fungus producing secretory cells that are able to immobilize nematodes.

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Syntheses of
6
,
6
a,
7
,
8
,
9
, 10, 10a, 11-Octahydro-11-oxodibenz [
b
,
e
] oxepins and
6
,
6
a,
7
,
8
,
9
, 10, 10a, 11-Octahydro-11-oxodibenzo [
b
,
e
] thiepins

黒川美貴雄, 吉田耕治, 永井保嵩, 宇野準

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin
1983年 31 巻 12 号 4312-4318
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/03/31

DOI https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.31.4312

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Two new partially saturated tricyclic ring systems,
6
,
6
a,
7
,
8
,
9
, 10, 10a, 11-octahydro-11-oxodibenz [
b
,
e
] oxepins (
3
a and
3
b
), and -thiepins (
4
a and
4
b
) were synthesized. Compounds
4
a and
4
b
were desulfurized to give a pair of isomeric 2-methylbenzoylcyclohexanes (10a and 10
b
). Deuterated
4
a and
4
b
(11a and 11
b
) were prepared starting from butadiene-
d₆
(12). The stereochemical features of
3
a (trans),
3
b
(cis),
4
a (trans) and
4
b
(cis) are compared with those of 10a, 10
b
, 11a and 11
b
on the basis of proton nuclear magnetic resonance data.
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(
22E
, 24S)
5α
-Stigmasta-
3
,
22
-dien-
6
-one: An Intermediate of the Isomerization of (
22E
, 24S)-
3α
,
5
-Cyclo-
5α
-stigmast-
22
-en-
6
-one into (
22E
, 24S)-
5α
-Stigmasta-2,
22
-dien-
6
-one

Suguru TAKATSUTO, Kiyomi KOBAYASHI, Tsuyoshi WATANABE, Hiroki KURIYAMA, Tokuo FURUSE

Agricultural and Biological Chemistry
1988年 52 巻 12 号 3217-3218
発行日: 1988年
公開日: 2006/04/05

DOI https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.52.3217

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86(P-
8
) 環状デプシペプチド、Callipeltin Aの全合成研究 : 異常アミノ酸部の立体選択的合成(ポスター発表の部)

今野博行, 青山幸代, 武林陽子

天然有機化合物討論会講演要旨集
2003年 45 巻 86/P-8
発行日: 2003/09/01
公開日: 2017/08/18

DOI https://doi.org/10.24496/tennenyuki.45.0_509

会議録・要旨集フリー

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Callipeltin A (1) is a cyclodepsipeptide from water sponge collected at New Caledonia. This compound shows anti-HIV and cytotoxic activities against KB and P388 cells and contains three new amino acid residues. β-methoxytyrosine (β-MeOTyr) (
4
), (2R,
3
R,
4
S)-
4
-amino-
7
-guanidino-2,-
3
-dihydroxyheptanoic acid (AGDHE) (
5
), (
3
S,
4
R)-
3
,
4
-dimethyl-L-glutamine (diMeGln) (
6
). In addition, two new truncated open-chain derivatives of Callipeltin A (1), named Callipeltin D (2) and
E
(
3
) were isolated. The unique structure and intriguing biological activities of this compound led us to explore total synthesis of Callipeltin A (1) and to elucidate stereochemistry of β-MeOTyr (
4
). We started to synthesize Callipeltin
E
(
3
) which contains β-MeOTyr (
4
). In order to synthesize four stereoisomer of β-MeOTyr (
4
), we attempted Evans anti or syn-Aldol reaction as a key step. Evans direct anti-aldol reaction with chiral benzyloxazolidinones (
8
) and p-hydroxy benzaldehyde (
9
) promoted by catalytic amounts of MgCl_2 in the presence of triethylamine and chlorotrimethylsilane. This proceder provide
3
:1 diastereoselelctivity and 70% yield of isolated anti-aldol product (10). And Enolizalion of isocyanate oxazolidinone (13) with di-n-butylboryl trifrate and diisopropylethylamine followed by treatment with aldehyde
8
afford syn-aldol product 14 affording 88% yield and 1:
5
anti: sin diastereomeric ratio. On the other hand, we tried Sharpless Asymmetric dihydroxylation (
AD
) and Aminohydroxylation (AA) to give all four stereoisomers of β-MeOTyr. Treatment of olefin (18) with
AD
-mix α provided diol (19) and the α position alcohol of 19 was converted to sulfone regioselectively followed by azidation and treatment of 20 with PPh_
3
to afford aziridine (21). Addition of aziridine (21) and BF_
3
・Et_2O in methanol produced α-amino β-methoxy adduct (
22
). AA reaction protocol with t-butylcarbamate was successfully applied to afford desired
22
in single step. Now we construct Callipeltin
E
to determine absolute stereochemistry of β-MeOTyr (
4
). In addition, we report the synthesis of diMeGln (
6
) and (2R,
3
R,
4
S)-
3
-hydroxy-2-
4
-
6
-trimethyl hepanoic acid (
7
).
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23pSM-
6
Isoscalar and Isotensor π-π Scattering Lengths from K^+_<π
3
> Decays

T BAKER, C. RANGACHARYULU

日本物理学会講演概要集
1999年 54.2.1 巻 23pSM-6
発行日: 1999/09/13
公開日: 2018/03/04

DOI https://doi.org/10.11316/jpsgaiyo.54.2.1.0_16_3

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Sythesis and Stereochemistry of 11-Amino-
6
,
6
a,
7
,
8
,
9
, 10, 10a, 11-octahydrodibenzo[
b
,
e
]thiepines and-oxepines

黒川美貴雄, 糸川彰, 松本純一, 福本吉久, 月原冨武

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin
1992年 40 巻 9 号 2270-2274
発行日: 1992/09/25
公開日: 2008/03/31

DOI https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.40.2270

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11-Amino-
6
,
6
a,
7
,
8
,
9
, 10, 10a, 11-octahydrodibebenzo[
b
,
e
]thiepines (
6
a-d) and -oxepines (
7
a-d) were synthesized by the Leuckart reaction of
6
,
6
a,
7
,
8
,
9
, 10, 10a, 11-octahydro-11-oxodibenzo[
b
,
e
]thiepines (1a,
b
)and -oxepines (2a,
b
) followed by hydrolysis of the reaction products
4
a-d and
5
a-d, respectively. The four diastereomers, cis(
6
a-H, 10a-H)-cis(10a-H, 11-H)
6
a and
7
a, cis(
6
a-H, 10a-H)-trans(10a-H, 11-H)
6
b
and
7
b
, trans(
6
a-H, 10a-H)-trans(10a-H, 11a-H)
6
c and
7
c, and trans(
6
a-H, 10a-H)-cis(10a-H, 11-H)
6
d and
7
d, were isolated and their configurations and conformations were elucidated by chemical methods together with ¹H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic analyses.
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EFFECTS OF SOIL PLUG ON BEHAVIOUR OF DRIVEN PIPE PILES

松本樹典, 武井正孝

土質工学会論文報告集
1991年 31 巻 2 号 14-34
発行日: 1991/06/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf1972.31.2_14

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Stress wave theory is applied to open-ended pipe piles to clarify the effects of soil plug on the behaviour of piles during driving and static loading. Measured field data and various numerical models are reviewed ; methods are presented to calculate wave propagation in both the pile and the soil plug ; modelling is presented which takes into account the interaction between the soil plug and the pile ; also presented is simplified method to estimate the loadsettlement relation of the pipe pile in static loading. By correlating observed and calculated values in two analytical cases, the authors demonstrate that incorporation of the soil plug (modelled as a series of masses and springs) is required to correctly predict pile behaviour during driving and static loading.
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FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF THE COUPLED HEAT FLOW AND CONSOLIDATION AROUND HOT BURIED OBJECTS

A.M. BRITTO, C. SAVVIDOU, M.J. GUNN, J.R. BOOKER

土質工学会論文報告集
1992年 32 巻 1 号 13-25
発行日: 1992/03/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf1972.32.13

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One method currently being considered for the disposal of high level radio-active waste is burial in the seabed. When a hot object is buried in soil, the temperature of the soil adjacent to the object is raised and there is transient heat flow away from the object. The rise in the temperature of the soil causes excess pore pressures to be generated and transient pore water diffusion also takes place. A finite element formulation of the coupled heat flow and consolidation problem is presented. The computer implementation of this formulation is found to compare favourably with analytical solutions based on the same physical principles.
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冠動脈血栓と基盤となる動脈硬化との関係

形態学的研究

岡田了三, 加納達二, 福田圭介

血液と脈管
1981年 12 巻 1 号 31-35
発行日: 1981/03/01
公開日: 2010/08/05

DOI https://doi.org/10.2491/jjsth1970.12.31

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Coronary arteries of 215 autopsied hearts with myocardial infarction (MI), were macroscopically examined by multiple cross sections, for sclerotic narrowing and thrombotic occlusion. Grade of the narrowing was estimated by scores i.
e
. 1 for minimal, 2 for 25%,
3
for 50%,
4
for 75% and
5
for complete occlusion. Entire epicardial course of the coronary arteries consisted of right coronary artery (R), left stem (LS), anterior descending artery (
Ad
) and circumflex branch (C), was divided into 17 segments with equal length, and stenotic score was given to the maximal lesion for each segment proximal or distal to thrombosis as well as at just thrombotic site.
Fourty-six fresh thrombi were analysed for detection of the relationship between pre-existed sclerotic narrowing and thrombus formation. In general, the thrombosis occurred at just mildly stenotic site (0.
9
), sandwiched by modrate stenosis (2.
8
) from both proximal and distal side. In male, the stenotic score at each branch proximal to thrombosis was C (
3
.
8
)>
Ad
(
3
.
6
)>R (2.0)>LS (0) and that distal to thrombosis was
Ad
(
3
.
3
)>C (
3
.2)>LS (2.
5
)>R (2.1). In female, the stenotic score proximal to thrombosis was R (
3
.
5
)>C (
3
.2)>
Ad
(1.
5
), and that distal to thrombosis was R (
4
.1)>C (
3
.0)>
Ad
(1.
7
). The stenotic score was increasing with age in female, but not in male. Incidence of marked (
4
or more in score), moderate (
3
), and mild (2 or less) pre-existed Stenosis related to thrombosis was 46%,
22
%, and 32% respectively, in general. In male, marked stenosis was frequently seen in
Ad
and C, and in famale, marked one was in R.
The results indicated possibility that even mild atherosclerotic narrowing could provoke thrombosis in 1/
3
cases with MI. Male predominancy for
Ad
and LS lesion and female predominancy for R lesion could cause a quite sex difference on the types of MI and coronary thrombosis.
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Bioactive Saponins and Glycosides. XXIII. Triterpene Saponins with Gastroprotective Effect from the Seeds of Camellia sinensis—Theasaponins
E₃
,
E₄
,
E₅
,
E₆
, and
E₇
—

Masayuki Yoshikawa, Toshio Morikawa, Ning Li, Akifumi Nagatomo, Xian Li, Hisashi Matsuda

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin
2005年 53 巻 12 号 1559-1564
発行日: 2005年
公開日: 2005/12/01

DOI https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.53.1559

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The saponin fraction from the seeds of the tea plant [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. KUNTZE (Theaceae)] was found to exhibit potent protective effects on ethanol- and indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats. Five new triterpene saponins, theasaponins
E₃
(1),
E₄
(2),
E₅
(
3
),
E₆
(
4
), and
E₇
(
5
), were isolated together with 11 known saponins from the saponin fraction. The chemical structures of 1—
5
were elucidated on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence. Among the isolated saponins, theasaponins
E₁
(
6
),
E₂
(
7
), and
E₅
(
3
) and assamsaponin C (10) showed an inhibitory effect on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal lesions at a dose of
5
.0 mg/kg, p.o. and their activities were stronger than that of omeplazole. With regard to the structure–activity relationships of theasaponins, the following structural requirements for a protective effect on ethanol-induced gastric lesions were suggested; 1) the 21- and/or
22
-acyl groups are essential for the activity, 2) acetylation of the 16-hydroxyl group reduce the activity.
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右房室弁の形態学的検索

その所属腱索および乳頭筋について

島田博

日本医科大学雑誌
1981年 48 巻 6 号 779-789
発行日: 1981/12/15
公開日: 2010/10/14

DOI https://doi.org/10.1272/jnms1923.48.779

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Although there have been numerous articles concerning the anatomy of the atrioventricular valve in man, only a few publications have recorded the relationship between the chordae tendineae and the papillary muscles. The purpose of this paper is to study the relationship among the shape and size of the atrioventricular valve, the chordae tendineae and the papillary muscles. 50 subjects, as listed in Table 1, were analyzed by the Taniya-Hashimoto Method.
The results obtained were as follows:
1) The right atrioventricular valve was classified into two types: 33 cases (66%) of three irregularly shaped cusps, i.
e
. type I, and 17 cases (34%) of four or five cusps, i.
e
. type II.
2) The average circumference of the right atrioventricular orifice (ostium atrioventriculare dextrum) was 11.96cm (
9
.63.15.06cm) in type I and 12.19cm (
9
.52.15.
22
cm) in type H. There existed no significant difference in the circumference of the atrioventricular orifice between type I and II.
3
) The average length of the cusp-fundus (the length of the fixed margin of the cusp) was as follows:
type I: anterior cusp…………
4
.13cm (2.03-
6
.96cm)
posterior cusp…………
3
.62cm (1.21-
5
.44cm)
septalcusp……………
4
.21cm (
3
.11-
6
.08cm)
type II: anterior cusp…………
4
.10cm (2.68-
5
.42cm)
posterior cusp…………
3
.67cm (0.
94
-
5
.70cm)
septal cusp……………
4
.43cm (2.96-
6
.53cm)
4
) The average width of the cusp (the maximum distance between the apex and the fundus of the cusp) was as follows:
type I: anterior cusp…………1.86cm (1.26-2.29cm)
posterior cusp…………1.62cm (0.62-2.
94
cm)
septal cusp……………1.76cm (1.15-2.72 cm)
type II: anterior cusp…………1.
92
cm (1.40-2.34cm)
posterior cusp…………1.72cm (0.
94
-2.42cm)
septal cusp……………1.84cm (1.14-2.53cm)
The length or width of the cusp in type I was similar to that in type II.
5
) The papillary muscles consisted of five groups, which were named the anterior, postlateral, postmedial, postseptal and septal muscles. The average number of the papillary muscles per right ventricle was
5
.
7
(2.0.
9
.0). The chordae tendineae from the anterior papillarymuscles were attached to the anterior and posterior cusps and those from the postlateral and postmedial muscles were attached to the posterior and septal cusps. The chordae tendineae from the postseptal muscles were linked only to the septal cusp and those from the septal muscles were connected to the septal and anterior cusps.
6
) The average number of the stems of the chordae tendineae from the papillary muscles were as follows:
From the anterior papillary muscles………
7
.2 (2.0-14.0)
the postlateral papillary muscles……
3
.
5
(1.0-
8
.0)
the postmedial papillary muscles……
4
.0 (1.0-
8
.0) the postseptal papillary muscles……
4
.
5
(1.0-13.0) the septal papillary muscles………
5
.
7
(2.0-12.0)
The average n umber of the stems of the chordae tendineae per right ventricle was 24.
4
(16.0-35.0).
7
) The tip of the chordae tendineae are attached to the fixed margin of the valve cusp, i.
e
. type A, to the ventricular surface, i.
e
. type
B
and to the free margin, i.
e
. type C. The average number of them were 23.
4
(14.0-32.0) in type A, 19.2 (
4
.0-37.0) in type
B
and 68.1 (31.0-105.0) in type C. The average number of the apexes of the chordae tendineae per right ventricle was 110.
7
(53.0-166.0).
8
) The average number of the chordae tendineae for the anterior cusp was 34.
9
(12.0-64.0), for the posterior cusp 30.
5
(
5
.0-65.0) and for the septal cusp 45.
3
(23.0-68.0).
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熱力学諸量の測定とその結果を用いた化学熱力学計算によるNi-Mo-
B
およびNi-W-
B

3
成分系状態図の決定

香山滉一郎, 森下政夫, 張国鋒

粉体および粉末冶金
2006年 53 巻 5 号 419-429
発行日: 2006年
公開日: 2006/12/19

DOI https://doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.53.419

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The phase diagrams of the Ni-Mo-
B
and Ni-W-
B
ternary systems in the region of less than 50mol%
B
were constructed by thermodynamic calculation, based on the data obtained by thermodynamic measurement of the related materials. We found three ternary eutectic points and three or two ternary peritecto-eutectic points as follows:
E₁
:L (1365K, 71.
5
mol%Ni-
6
.0mol%Mo-
22
.
5
mol%
B
)=(Ni)+
Ni₃B
+
NiMo₂B₂

E₂
:L (1355K, 62.
5
mol%Ni-2.
5
mol%Mo-30.
5
mol%
B
)=
Ni₃B
+
Ni₂B
+
NiMo₂B₂

E₃
:L (1445K, 42.0mol%Ni-30.
6
mol%Mo-10.
3
mol%
B
)=(Ni)+NiMo+
NiMo₂B₂

P₁:L (1812K, 34.
9
mol%Ni-42.
3
mol%Mo-
22
.
8
mol%
B
)+MoB=
Mo₂B
+
NiMo₂B₂

P₂:L (1633K, 42.
3
mol%Ni-40.
4
mol%Mo-17.
3
mol%
B
)+Mo=
Mo₂B
+
NiMo₂B₂

P₃
:L (1812K, 53.
5
mol%Ni-33.
7
mol%Mo-12.
8
mol%
B
)+Mo=NiMo+
NiMo₂B₂

E₁
:L (1622K, 51.0mol%Ni-31.
6
mol%W-17.
4
mol%
B
)=(Ni)+W+
NiW₂B₂

E₂
:L (1260K, 71.0mol%Ni-
7
.0mol%W-
22
.0mol%
B
)=(Ni)+
Ni₃B
+
NiW₂B₂

E₃
:L (1291K, 65.
4
mol%Ni-
4
.
8
mol%W-29.
8
mol%
B
)=
Ni₂B
+
Ni₃B
+
NiW₂B₂

P₁:L (2115K, 23.
8
mol%Ni-43.1mol%W-33.1mol%
B
)+WB=
W₂B
+
NiW₂B₂

P₂:L (1657K, 48.
9
mol%Ni-33.1mol%W-18.0mol%
B
)+
W₂B
=W+
NiW₂B₂

The calculated phase diagrams are expected to be useful for the development of new Ni-based heat-, corrosion- or wear-resistance alloys.
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ANALYSIS OF LANDSLIDES DURING THE 1978 IZU-OHSHIMA-KINKAI EARTHQUAKE

石原研而, 長尾哲

土質工学会論文報告集
1983年 23 巻 1 号 19-37
発行日: 1983/03/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf1972.23.19

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Using the so-called pseudo-static method, a stability analysis was made for the mountain slide that took place at Mitake-iriya village at the time of the Izu-Ohshima-Kinkai earthquake of January 14, 1978. Undisturbed samples of volcanic clay were obtained in blocks from the exposed surface of the deposit identified to have been the sliding surface. The partially saturated clay samples were tested under consolidated undrained conditions using the triaxial test equipment. Dynamic axial stresses with irregular time histories were applied to the specimens in combination with statically sustained axial stresses to determine the soil strength under the conditions simulating in-situ states of stress during the earthquake. The results of the tests were expressed in terms of the Mohr-Coulomb type failure criterion which showed that, while the angle of internal friction remained almost unchanged, the cohesion component in irregular loading increased above values obtained in the static loading. Using the strength parameters thus determined, a pseudo-static analysis was made to check the stability of the soil masses that had actually slid during the 1978 earthquake. The maximum horizontal acceleration required to cause the slide was computed. The computed accelerations were shown to cover a range between 400 and 500 gals which is consistent with the range estimated by other investigators on the basis of overturning of tombstones in the vicinity of the slide area.
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Sterol Constituents from Five Edible Mushrooms

Yasunori YAOITA, Keiko AMEMIYA, Hiroyuki OHNUMA, Katsuyuki FURUMURA, Akihiro MASAKI, Toshihiko MATSUKI, Masao KIKUCHI

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin
1998年 46 巻 6 号 944-950
発行日: 1998/06/15
公開日: 2008/03/31

DOI https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.46.944

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Eight new sterols,
5α
,
8α
-epidioxy-(
22
E
, 24R)-23-methylergosta-
6
,
22
-dien-
3β
-ol (1),
3β
,
5α
,
9α
-trihydroxy-(
22
E
, 24R)-23-methylergosta-
7
,
22
-dien-
6
-one (2),
3β
,
5α
,
9α
-trihydroxy-(24S)-ergost-
7
-en-
6
-one (
3
),
3β
,
5α
,
9α
, 14α-tetrahydroxy-(
22
E
, 24R)-ergosta-
7
,
22
-dien-
6
-one (
4
), (
22
E
, 24R)-ergosta-
7
,
22
-diene-
3β
,
5α
,
6α
,
9α
-tetrol (
5
),
5α
,
9α
-epidioxy-
3β
-hydroxy-(
22
E
, 24R)-ergosta-
7
,
22
-dien-
6
-one (
6
),
5α
,
9α
-epidioxy-
3β
-hydroxy-(24S)-ergost-
7
-en-
6
-one (
7
) and
5α
,
6α
-epoxy-(
22
E
, 24R)-ergosta-
8
,
22
-diene-
3β
,
7β
, 14α-triol (
8
), have been isolated from five edible mushrooms, Lentinus edodes, Flammulina velutipes, Hypsizigus marmoreus, Pleurotus ostreatus and Pholiota nameko together with fifteen known ones (
9
-23), of which two (16 and 17) are reported for the first time from a fungal source. The structures of these new compounds were elucidated on the basis of their spectral data.
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Sterol Constituents from Seven Mushrooms

Yasunori YAOITA, Makiko ENDO, Yoshino TANI, Kaori MACHIDA, Keiko AMEMIYA, Katsuyuki FURUMURA, Masao KIKUCHI

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin
1999年 47 巻 6 号 847-851
発行日: 1999/06/15
公開日: 2008/03/31

DOI https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.47.847

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Six new sterols,
5α
,
6α
;
8α
,
9α
-diepoxy-(
22
E
, 24R)-ergost-
22
-ene-
3β
,
7α
-diol (1),
5α
,
6α
;
8α
,
9α
-diepoxy-(
22
E
, 24R)-ergost-
22
-ene-
3β
,
7β
-diol (2),
5α
,
6α
-epoxy-(
22
E
, 24R)-ergosta-
8
,
22
-diene-
3β
,
7β
-diol (
3
), (
22
E
, 24R)-23-methylergosta-
7
,
22
-diene-
3β
,
5α
,
6β
-triol (
4
), (
22
E
, 24R)-23-methulergosta-
7
,
22
-diene-
3β
,
5α
,
6β
,
9α
-tetrol (
5
) and (24S)-ergost-
7
-ene-
3β
,
5α
,
6β
,
9α
-tetrol (
6
), have been isolated from seven mushrooms, Amanita pantherina, Amantia virgineoides, Lactarius piperatus, Lyophyllum shimeji, Tricholoma portentosum, Hypsizigus marmoreus and Lentinula edodes together with eighteen known ones (
7
-24). The structures of these new compounds were elucidated on the basis of their spectral data.
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Short-Step Synthesis of Plant Growth-Promoting Brassinosteroids

高津戸秀, 池川信夫

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin
1984年 32 巻 5 号 2001-2004
発行日: 1984/05/25
公開日: 2008/03/31

DOI https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.32.2001

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Brassinolide analogues, (
22
R, 23R, 24R)-2α,
3α
,
22
, 23-tetrahydroxy-
B
-homo-
7
-oxa-
5α
-ergostan-
6
-one (24-epibrassinolide) (10) and (
22
S, 23S, 24R)-2α,
3α
,
22
, 23-tetrahydroxy-
B
-homo-
7
-oxa-
5α
-ergostan-
6
-one (
9
), were synthesized from brassicasterol (
3
a) in five steps and with ca. 20% overall yield. The key steps are the direct formation of (
22
E
, 24R)-
3α
,
5
-cyclo-
5α
-ergost-
22
-en-
6
-one (
4
) from brassicasterol mesylate (
3
b
), the acid-catalyzed rearrangement of
4
to (
22
E
, 24R)-
5α
-ergosta-2,
22
-dien-
6
-one (
6
), and the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of the tetrahydroxy
5α
-ergostan-
6
-ones
7
and
8
.
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Transformation Assays of the Cell Mitotic and Proliferation Activities of Purified Oncogene Products

KENTARO YUGE, MASANOBU CHINAMI, MASAHISA SHINGU

The Kurume Medical Journal
1994年 41 巻 4 号 165-169
発行日: 1994/12/27
公開日: 2009/08/11

DOI https://doi.org/10.2739/kurumemedj.41.165

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Using two direct introduction methods, DNA synthesis or cell proliferation activities of three purified proteins from
E
. coli, namely, human papillomavirus (HPV)
E
7
proteins of type 16, a mutant type 16 (24 C-G) (transformation defective) and type
6
b
, were measured in mouse fibroblast, C127 cells. By a microinjection method, the order of the cell mitotic indexes for the three
E

7
proteins as determined by
5
-bromo-2'-deoxy-uridine (BrdU) staining was type 16,
6
b
and 16 (24 C-G). By the osmotic shock method, the ^{3H
-TdR incorporation and coloration by (3
-carboxymethoxy phenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetolazorium (MTS) for the three proteins correlated with the pRb binding and focus forming activities previously reported (hunger et al. 1991). These results indicate that the simple osmotic shock method for direct protein introduction may be generally useful for transformation assays of oncoproteins.
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An Efficient Preparation of (
22E
, 24S)-
5α
-Stigmasta-2,
22
-dien-
6
-one from (
22E
, 24S)-
3α
,
5
-Cyclo-
5α
-stigmast-
22
-en-
6
-one

Tsuyoshi WATANABE, Hiroki KURIYAMA, Tokuo FURUSE, Kiyomi KOBAYASHI, Suguru TAKATSUTO

Agricultural and Biological Chemistry
1988年 52 巻 8 号 2117-2118
発行日: 1988年
公開日: 2006/04/05

DOI https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.52.2117

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