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より実用的な飛行機への探求

Grover Loening

日本航空学会誌
1963年 11 巻 119 号 373-380
発行日: 1963年
公開日: 2009/05/25

DOI https://doi.org/10.2322/jjsass1953.11.373

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Syntheses of
6
,
6
a,
7
,
8
,
9
, 10, 10a, 11-Octahydro-11-oxodibenz [
b
,
e
] oxepins and
6
,
6
a,
7
,
8
,
9
, 10, 10a, 11-Octahydro-11-oxodibenzo [
b
,
e
] thiepins

黒川美貴雄, 吉田耕治, 永井保嵩, 宇野準

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin
1983年 31 巻 12 号 4312-4318
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/03/31

DOI https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.31.4312

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Two new partially saturated tricyclic ring systems,
6
,
6
a,
7
,
8
,
9
, 10, 10a, 11-octahydro-11-oxodibenz [
b
,
e
] oxepins (3a and 3
b
), and -thiepins (
4
a and
4
b
) were synthesized. Compounds
4
a and
4
b
were desulfurized to give a pair of isomeric 2-methylbenzoylcyclohexanes (10a and 10
b
). Deuterated
4
a and
4
b
(11a and 11
b
) were prepared starting from butadiene-
d₆
(12). The stereochemical features of 3a (trans), 3
b
(cis),
4
a (trans) and
4
b
(cis) are compared with those of 10a, 10
b
, 11a and 11
b
on the basis of proton nuclear magnetic resonance data.
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Sythesis and Stereochemistry of 11-Amino-
6
,
6
a,
7
,
8
,
9
, 10, 10a, 11-octahydrodibenzo[
b
,
e
]thiepines and-oxepines

黒川美貴雄, 糸川彰, 松本純一, 福本吉久, 月原冨武

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin
1992年 40 巻 9 号 2270-2274
発行日: 1992/09/25
公開日: 2008/03/31

DOI https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.40.2270

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11-Amino-
6
,
6
a,
7
,
8
,
9
, 10, 10a, 11-octahydrodibebenzo[
b
,
e
]thiepines (
6
a-
d
) and -oxepines (
7
a-
d
) were synthesized by the Leuckart reaction of
6
,
6
a,
7
,
8
,
9
, 10, 10a, 11-octahydro-11-oxodibenzo[
b
,
e
]thiepines (1a,
b
)and -oxepines (2a,
b
) followed by hydrolysis of the reaction products
4
a-
d
and
5
a-
d
, respectively. The four diastereomers, cis(
6
a-H, 10a-H)-cis(10a-H, 11-H)
6
a and
7
a, cis(
6
a-H, 10a-H)-trans(10a-H, 11-H)
6
b
and
7
b
, trans(
6
a-H, 10a-H)-trans(10a-H, 11a-H)
6
c
and
7
c
, and trans(
6
a-H, 10a-H)-cis(10a-H, 11-H)
6
d
and
7
d
, were isolated and their configurations and conformations were elucidated by chemical methods together with ¹H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic analyses.
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FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF THE COUPLED HEAT FLOW AND CONSOLIDATION AROUND HOT BURIED OBJECTS

A.M. BRITTO,
C
. SAVVIDOU, M.J. GUNN, J.R. BOOKER

土質工学会論文報告集
1992年 32 巻 1 号 13-25
発行日: 1992/03/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf1972.32.13

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One method currently being considered for the disposal of high level radio-active waste is burial in the seabed. When a hot object is buried in soil, the temperature of the soil adjacent to the object is raised and there is transient heat flow away from the object. The rise in the temperature of the soil causes excess pore pressures to be generated and transient pore water diffusion also takes place. A finite element formulation of the coupled heat flow and consolidation problem is presented. The computer implementation of this formulation is found to compare favourably with analytical solutions based on the same physical principles.
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Chemische und chemotaxonomische Untersuchungen von Filices. XXXV. Chemische Untersuchungen der Inhaltsstoffe von Polystichum tripteron (KUNZE) P_R.

村上孝夫, 木村毅, 和田浩志, 田中信寿, 斎木保久, 陳秋明

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin
1981年 29 巻 3 号 866-868
発行日: 1981/03/25
公開日: 2008/03/31

DOI https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.29.866

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From the fronds of Polystichum tripteron (KUNZE) P_R. a new norcarotenoid glycoside was isolated and shown to be (
6
R,
7
E
,
9
R)-
9
-hydroxy-megastigma-
4
,
7
-dien-3-one-
9
-O-β-
D
-glucoside. The fronds of Dennstaedtia wilfordii (MOORE) CHRIST. contain the same glucoside.
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中国でヒトに感染した鳥インフルエンザA(H
7
N
9
) ウイルスの性状，検査系の開発およびワクチン開発とその問題点

小田切孝人, 田代眞人

ウイルス
2013年 63 巻 2 号 233-240
発行日: 2013/12/25
公開日: 2014/10/31

DOI https://doi.org/10.2222/jsv.63.233

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英国における過去半世紀 (1922～1972) 間の冶金用コークスの研究

George W. Lee

燃料協会誌
1973年 52 巻 3 号 171-177
発行日: 1973/03/20
公開日: 2010/06/28

DOI https://doi.org/10.3775/jie.52.171

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The production of nematode-immobilizing secretory cells by Climacodon septentrionalis

Joey
B
. Tanney, Leonard J. Hutchison

Mycoscience
2012年 53 巻 1 号 31-35
発行日: 2012年
公開日: 2023/03/31

DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/s10267-011-0128-1

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The ability of Climacodon septentrionalis to immobilize and kill a mycophagous nematode (Aphelenchoides sp.) in vitro is described for the first time. Two isolates produced droplets (20–45 μm in diameter) that formed at the apices of tall, stalked, and branching secretory cells (700–1,500 μm tall). On 2% modified malt extract agar, nematodes became enveloped in the droplets, which restricted their ability to move and resulted in complete immobilization and death within several hours of contact. The rate of decomposition of the nematodes varied considerably, with most individuals persisting for weeks whereas others were degraded within several days and appeared to be colonized by dense hyphal growth. This study provides the first documentation of a non-agaricoid fungus producing secretory cells that are able to immobilize nematodes.

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CASE STUDIES OF IN-SITU STRUCTURE OF NATURAL SEDIMENTARY CLAYS

澁谷啓, 三田地利之, 黄聖春

地盤工学会論文報告集
2000年 40 巻 3 号 87-100
発行日: 2000/06/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf.40.3_87

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Natural sedimentary clays exhibit ageing effects on their behaviour when subjected to both consolidation and shearing. Attempts to characterising the in-situ 'structure'of soft marine clays have been made in case studies performed in Ariake (Japan) and in Bangkok (Thailand), each showing a typical profile of aged clay-structure with depth reflecting its site-specific geological consolidation history. In each site, profiles of Atterberg limits, natural water content, overconsolidation ratio (OCR), quasi-elastic shear modulus G_max and the undrained shear strength c_u with depth were attained from various laboratory tests, together with the a comparable profile of quasi-elastic shear modulus from insitu seismic survey G_f. Quantitative assessment of the aged clay-structure was made by using two different measures, metastability index MI (G) and the soil constant reflecting structure S (Jamiolkowski et al., 1994). The profiles of MI (G) and the S-value with depth were both determined based on the corresponding G_max behaviour of the reconstituted sample. "Disturbance"of laboratory samples retrieved by using two different samplers (i.
e
., Laval and Japanese thin-walled samplers) with two different sampling techniques (i.
e
., pre-boring and displacement methods) was discussed. A new approach to estimate c_u"in the ground", termed by the authors the MILK (Metastability Index coupled with Laboratory K_o test) method, is proposed. A trial of the MILK-method is demonstrated in soft Bangkok clay, the texture of which is similar to "soft cheese".
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わが国における主要中晩生および香酸カンキツ染色体のCMA染色

山本雅史, 久保達也, 冨永茂人

園芸学会雑誌
2005年 74 巻 6 号 476-478
発行日: 2005年
公開日: 2006/02/24

DOI https://doi.org/10.2503/jjshs.74.476

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わが国における主要中晩生および香酸カンキツ染色体のクロモマイシンA₃ (CMA) 染色を行った. 染色体はCMA(+) バンドの有無および位置から
5
種類に区分できた. すなわち, CMA(+) をA: 両端および動原体近傍に有する,
B
: 一方の端部と動原体近傍に有する,
C
: 両端に有する,
D
: 一方の端部に有する,
E
: CMA(+) がない, である. 各種はこれらのうち
4
,
5
種類の染色体を有し, 独自のCMAバンドパターンを示した. ハッサクでは1A+1
C
+
8
D
+
8
E
, ヒュウガナツでは2A+2
C
+
5
D
+
9
E
, ‘川野なつだいだい’では1A+2
C
+
7
D
+
8
E
, ‘宮内伊予柑’では1A+1
B
+1
C
+
8
D
+
7
E
, タンカン‘垂水1号’では1A+1
B
+1
C
+
8
D
+
7
E
, カボスでは3
B
+2
C
+
5
D
+
8
E
, スダチでは1
B
+2
C
+
9
D
+
6
E
およびユズ‘山根’では2
B
+1
C
+11
D
+
4
E
であった. 以上の結果, 本研究においても近縁の種間では似通ったCMAバンドパターンが観察された.
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新聞広告注目率によるデザイン分析(I)

佐藤敬之輔

デザイン学研究
1970年 1970 巻 11 号 45-55
発行日: 1970/03/30
公開日: 2017/07/25

DOI https://doi.org/10.11247/jssdj.1970.45

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[1] The purpose of this reserch is to make clear what type of design can give good effects to win the high readership score. At the begining I had to know what factors decide the readership score, and how to change the quality of the desing into numerical value. I have used the method of multi-dimentional analysis with the help of a computer, and got the estimation formula, with
7
kinds of factors, as follows ; A^^〜=
B
+
C
+
D
+K+
aE
+bF+cG. A^^〜=estimated values of the readership score. 1)
B
,
C
,
D
, K : these four factors are given as category values (so we call them); each factor is classified into several categories.
B
=week day, classified into
7
categories.
C
=pages of a newspaper, which are characterized by the kinds of articles, news, and the other reading matters, classified into
22
categories.
D
=kinds of goods and trades of the advertizement, classified into 14 catedories. K=constants, given to each 13 surveys. 2)
E
, F, G : these factors are given as numerical values. G=area of advertizement, measured by the unit of column in the whole page length, being classified into
6
kinds of area (2.
5
, 3.
5
,
5
,
7
, 10, 15) and 15 column means a whole page, about 2,000cm^2.
E
, F are the marks obtained in the design of advertizements.
E
=sum of the marks obtained in each design element on the advertizement. F=the marks obtained on the whole effect of the design. 3) a,
b
,
c
: coefficients Using the above formula with the category values and the coefficients, we can obtain the naked design effect from the actual value A of readership score:
aE
+bF=A-(
B
+
C
+
D
+K+cG). In this research, I used 1,829 data of readership score from 1960 to 1968, being obtained by 13 survevs, spring and autumn twice a year. The sample of size each survey was 3,541, 2,251, or 200 in the other 11 surveys. Multiple correlation coefficient between the estimated value A^^〜 and the actual value A is 0.951. The table 2^* shows the contribution indexes of each factor by 3 kinds of expression-(1) Range : the absolute difference between the maximum and the minimum category values, (2) Standard deviations of the category values, (3) Partial correlation coefficient : the relationship between the actual values A and each factors. *see the table 2 in the thesis in Japanese. [2] The important point was in the determination of the values of
E
, F.
E
is the sum of the marks obtained in each design element, classified into four kinds :
E
=
E
_1+
E
_2+
E
_3+
E
_
4
. design elements [table]
E
_1,
E
_2,
E
_3,
E
_
4
, these values have the
5
grades, as 0, 1, 2, 3,
4
and 0 is given to the design that has no attractive effect or no applicable element. And
E
obtain the marks of 0 to
9
grades as the sum of them. The values of F have also
5
grades, 0 to
4
. The principles to determine the values of
E
, F are as follows : a) The marks obtained of
E
, F must be the relative values among the each survey, and at the same time, they must have constancy within the same survey-the same elements of design must win the same marks obtained.
b
) They must be determined as to win the highest multiple correlation coefficient, when they are put into the estimation formula.
c
) They must be reasonable. In order to justify them, we must carry many researches on the actual condition. The frequency of accurence of each grade of
E
, F values, as the table
5
-
4
, and
5
-
5
in the thesis in Japanese.
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右房室弁の形態学的検索

その所属腱索および乳頭筋について

島田博

日本医科大学雑誌
1981年 48 巻 6 号 779-789
発行日: 1981/12/15
公開日: 2010/10/14

DOI https://doi.org/10.1272/jnms1923.48.779

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Although there have been numerous articles concerning the anatomy of the atrioventricular valve in man, only a few publications have recorded the relationship between the chordae tendineae and the papillary muscles. The purpose of this paper is to study the relationship among the shape and size of the atrioventricular valve, the chordae tendineae and the papillary muscles. 50 subjects, as listed in Table 1, were analyzed by the Taniya-Hashimoto Method.
The results obtained were as follows:
1) The right atrioventricular valve was classified into two types: 33 cases (66%) of three irregularly shaped cusps, i.
e
. type I, and 17 cases (34%) of four or five cusps, i.
e
. type II.
2) The average circumference of the right atrioventricular orifice (ostium atrioventriculare dextrum) was 11.
96
cm (
9
.63.15.06cm) in type I and 12.19cm (
9
.52.15.
22
cm) in type H. There existed no significant difference in the circumference of the atrioventricular orifice between type I and II.
3) The average length of the cusp-fundus (the length of the fixed margin of the cusp) was as follows:
type I: anterior cusp…………
4
.13cm (2.03-
6
.
96
cm)
posterior cusp…………3.62cm (1.21-
5
.44cm)
septalcusp……………
4
.21cm (3.11-
6
.08cm)
type II: anterior cusp…………
4
.10cm (2.68-
5
.42cm)
posterior cusp…………3.67cm (0.
94
-
5
.70cm)
septal cusp……………
4
.43cm (2.
96
-
6
.53cm)
4
) The average width of the cusp (the maximum distance between the apex and the fundus of the cusp) was as follows:
type I: anterior cusp…………1.86cm (1.26-2.29cm)
posterior cusp…………1.62cm (0.62-2.
94
cm)
septal cusp……………1.76cm (1.15-2.72 cm)
type II: anterior cusp…………1.92cm (1.40-2.34cm)
posterior cusp…………1.72cm (0.
94
-2.42cm)
septal cusp……………1.84cm (1.14-2.53cm)
The length or width of the cusp in type I was similar to that in type II.
5
) The papillary muscles consisted of five groups, which were named the anterior, postlateral, postmedial, postseptal and septal muscles. The average number of the papillary muscles per right ventricle was
5
.
7
(2.0.
9
.0). The chordae tendineae from the anterior papillarymuscles were attached to the anterior and posterior cusps and those from the postlateral and postmedial muscles were attached to the posterior and septal cusps. The chordae tendineae from the postseptal muscles were linked only to the septal cusp and those from the septal muscles were connected to the septal and anterior cusps.
6
) The average number of the stems of the chordae tendineae from the papillary muscles were as follows:
From the anterior papillary muscles………
7
.2 (2.0-14.0)
the postlateral papillary muscles……3.
5
(1.0-
8
.0)
the postmedial papillary muscles……
4
.0 (1.0-
8
.0) the postseptal papillary muscles……
4
.
5
(1.0-13.0) the septal papillary muscles………
5
.
7
(2.0-12.0)
The average n umber of the stems of the chordae tendineae per right ventricle was 24.
4
(16.0-35.0).
7
) The tip of the chordae tendineae are attached to the fixed margin of the valve cusp, i.
e
. type A, to the ventricular surface, i.
e
. type
B
and to the free margin, i.
e
. type
C
. The average number of them were 23.
4
(14.0-32.0) in type A, 19.2 (
4
.0-37.0) in type
B
and 68.1 (31.0-105.0) in type
C
. The average number of the apexes of the chordae tendineae per right ventricle was 110.
7
(53.0-166.0).
8
) The average number of the chordae tendineae for the anterior cusp was 34.
9
(12.0-64.0), for the posterior cusp 30.
5
(
5
.0-65.0) and for the septal cusp 45.3 (23.0-68.0).
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CONTINUOUS SHIFTWORKING IN PROCESS INDUSTRIES: DOES FIRM EFFICIENCY IMPLY HIGH HUMAN COSTS?

Cbesseredes HORTS

Journal of Human Ergology
1982年 11 巻 Supplement 号 429-440
発行日: 1982/12/15
公開日: 2011/02/23

DOI https://doi.org/10.11183/jhe1972.11.Supplement_429

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カンキツ主要種における染色体の CMA 染色

山本雅史, Abkenar Asad Asadi, 松本亮司, 根角博久, 吉田俊雄, 國賀武, 久保達也, 冨永茂人

園芸学会雑誌
2007年 76 巻 1 号 36-40
発行日: 2007年
公開日: 2007/03/06

DOI https://doi.org/10.2503/jjshs.76.36

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カンキツ主要12種を用いて染色体のクロモマイシン A₃(CMA) 染色を行った．染色体は CMA(+) バンドの有無および位置から
7
種類に区分できた．すなわち，CMA(+) を A: 両端および動原体近傍に有する，
B
: 一方の端部と動原体近傍に有する，
C
: 両端に有する，
D
: 一方の端部に有する，
E
: CMA(+) がない，F: 動原体近傍に有する，Dst: 付随染色体を有する
D
型，である．各種はこれらのうち 2～
6
種類の染色体を有し，独自の CMA バンドパターンを示した．C
. medica では 2
B
+
8
D
+
8
E
，C
. limon では 1
B
+ 1
C
+
8
D
+
8
E
，C
. aurantifolia では 2
B
+
9
D
+
7
E
，C
. aurantium では 1A + 1
B
+ 1
C
+
7
D
+
8
E
，C
. sinensis では 2
B
+ 2
C
+
7
D
+
7
E
，C
. maxima では 3A + 3
C
+
4
D
+
8
E
，C
. paradisi では 2A + 3
C
+
6
D
+
7
E
，C
. ichangensis では 2
B
+ 2
C
+ 12
D
+ 2
E
，C
. latipes では 2A +
5
C
+
8
D
+ 3
E
，C
. micrantha では 1
B
+ 11
D
+
4
E
+ 2Dst，C
. macroptera では 2
B
+ 1
C
+ 11
D
+ 3
E
+ 1F，C
. hystrix では 3
B
+ 1
C
+
8
D
+ 3
E
+ 2F + 1Dst であった．

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PREDICTION OF PULLOUT RESISTANCE AND PULLOUT FORCE-DISPLACEMENT RELATIONSHIP FOR INEXTENSIBLE GRID REINFORCEMENTS

/, 三浦哲彦, NORIHIKO MIURA

地盤工学会論文報告集
1996年 36 巻 4 号 11-22
発行日: 1996/12/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf.36.4_11

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A new analytical method is proposed for determining the inextensible grid reinforcement pullout resistance and pullout force/pullout displacement curve by using basic backfill soil and grid reinforcement properties. The pullout skin friction resistance/pullout displacement relationship is simulated by linear elastic-perfectly plastic model. A hyperbolic model has been proposed to represent the pullout bearing resistance/pullout displacement relationship in which the maximum bearing resistance of a single bearing member is determined using a new bearing capacity equation proposed in this paper. The influences of the grid bearing member spacing ratio, S/
D
, the bearing member deflection rigidity, and the pullout softening behavior on the mobilization of pullout bearing resistance are explicitly included in the proposed model. Good agreement has been obtained between calculated values and laboratory test results.
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地盤数値情報データベースを用いた熊本県中部域斜面災害の解析

田尻要, 中山洋, 今泉繁良

土質工学会論文報告集
1992年 32 巻 2 号 159-168
発行日: 1992/06/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf1972.32.2_159

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48(P-13) ヒメマツタケ培養菌糸体の新規骨格化合物blazeispirol類の構造と生合成(ポスター発表の部)

廣谷正男, 金子麻美, 廣谷聖子, 浅田善久, 吉川孝文

天然有機化合物討論会講演要旨集
2000年 42 巻 48/P-13
発行日: 2000/10/01
公開日: 2017/08/18

DOI https://doi.org/10.24496/tennenyuki.42.0_283

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Agaricus blazei is an important fungus for producing bioactive compounds. There are some reports of polysaccharides and steroid derivatives from the fruiting bodies of A. blazei. However, the chemical examination of the secondary metabolites of the cultured mycelia of this species has not been reported. Eight compounds, an unprecedented skeleton have been isolated from the cultured mycelia of A. blazei. The structures of the novel compounds each named blazeispirols A (1),
B
(2),
C
(3),
D
(
4
),
E
(
5
) X(
6
), Y (
7
) and Z (
8
) were confirmed by extensive 1
D
and 2
D
NMR spectral data and X-ray analysis. Blazeispirols A (1),
B
(2),
C
(3),
D
(
4
) and
E
(
5
) were des-A-ergostane type compounds having spiroacetal structure as a side chain. Blazeispirols X (
6
) and Y (
7
) were determined to be (20S,
22
S, 23R, 24S)-1 (10→
6
) abeo-14β,
22
:
22
, 25-diepoxyergosta-
5
,
7
,
9
,11-tetraene-3α,23-diol and (20S,
22
S, 23R, 24S)-14β,
22
:
22
,25-diepoxy-
9
,23-dihydroxyergosta-
4
,
7
,11-triene-3,
6
-dione by comparison of extensive 1
D
and 2
D
NMR spectral data with that of blazeispirol A. The biosynthesis of blazeispirol A was investigated by feeding ^<13>
C
-labeled acetates and methionine to the growing cultures of A. blazei. The labeling patterns of 1 derived from singly and doubly ^<13>
C
-labeled acetates were consistent with that of ergosterol reported previously except for the A-ring and then ^<14>
C
-labeled ergosterol was incorporated into blazeispirol A. Taking the structures of blazeispirols Z and
D
into consideration, it can be assumed that blazeispirol A is biosynthesized from ergosterol by the cleavage of
C
-
4
,
C
-
5
and
C
-1,
C
-10 bonds on retro aldol condensation and Michael reaction via such as intermediate A as shown in Fig.
4
. A large number of ergostane-type steroids have been isolated from many fungi. However, blazeispirol A is the first example of a naturally occurring des-A-ergostane-type steroid including a spiroacetal structure moiety as a side chain.
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『パイドン』における自然哲学への出発とイデア原因論 : 反プラトン的解釈の徹底追及を兼ねて

藤澤令夫

西洋古典学研究
1996年 44 巻 1-25
発行日: 1996/03/15
公開日: 2017/05/23

DOI https://doi.org/10.20578/jclst.44.0_1

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To show that he has no gift for natural science, Socrates successively cites at Phaedo
96
C
2-
97
B
7
several cases revealing a way of conceiving aitia. These cases have perplexed commentators and have often been regarded as a confused treatment of problems of a completely different nature (Hack forth, Crombie, Annas, etc.). Rejecting such an interpretation as well as those so far submitted by other scholars(
e
. g. Vlastos, Gallop) , this paper tries to elucidate the continuous sequence of thought presented in this passage as follows: Socrates begins by giving a simple example of the scientist's type of explanation, namely,(1)a human being grows, i.
e
. becomes larger, since eating and drinking cause the appropriate matter to be added to each part of the body(
96
C
7
-
D
5
). Now, if this explanation of "becoming larger" in terms of "coming to be added"(προσγιγνεσθαι)is correct, it must be the case, more basically, that "being larger" is due to "being added" (προσειναι) of extra magnitude : (2) one person is larger than another, because an extra length(
e
. g. of a head)is added(
96
D
8
-
E
1), and(3)ten is greater than eight because of an extra two being added(
96
E
2-3). However, Socrates could not accept these explanations, nor could he even accept (
4
) the simplest explanation that the aitia of things' becoming two is the addition or propinquity of one to one(or, for that matter, division of one) (
96
E
7
-
97
B
3), and thus finally he abandoned such a method of investigating aitiai(
97
B
5
-
7
). Thus we can see that Socrates(Plato) is examining the conception of aitia stated in(1) , simply by shifting to more and more basic levels of thought, (2) (3) and(
4
), without the slightest "confusion" alleged by critics. All these "puzzles" are resolved seriatim by applying the theory of Forms to each(100
B
-101
D
). However, various objections to this method have been raised by scholars : the theory is wholly uninformative(Shorey, Vlastos, Crombie, Gallop) ; contrary to our expectation of an explanation of the coming-to-be of concrete things rather than the acquisition of attribures by already existing things, we actually find that the theory is concerned only with the latter(Hack forth, Gallop). Defending the theory of Forms against these and other objections, the present writer argues why only Forms should have the full status of aitiai of "being", and that the theory thereby offers a firm foundation for a correct understanding of the problem of "coming-to-be", even though the theory is not a wholly adequate explanation for the alteration implied in the concept of becoming, as Aristotle pointed out(De Gen. et Corr.
B
9
, Metaph. A
9
). While it admittedly leaves several points for future discussions including the point cited above, the Phaedo passage of 95
E
through 101
D
can and must be regarded as laying a solid foundation for Plato's later natural philosophy and cosmology as fully developed in the Timaeus and Laws Book X, which, with Psyche(the source of all motion and alteration in the universe)and Forms(the principle of(meaning) and(value) )as its most basic factors, undoubtedly incorporates a view of nature that we need today.
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日本人小児における乳歯・永久歯の萌出時期に関する調査研究 II

その1．乳歯について

日本小児歯科学会, 有田憲司, 阿部洋子, 仲野和彦, 齊藤正人, 島村和宏, 大須賀直人, 清水武彦, 石通宏行, 松村誠士, 尾崎正雄, 石谷徳人, 濱田義彦, 渥美信子, 小平裕恵, 高風亜由美, 長谷川大子, 林文子, 藤岡万里, 茂木瑞穂, 八若保孝, 田中光郎, 福本敏, 早﨑治明, 関本恒夫, 渡部茂, 新谷誠康, 井上美津子, 白川哲夫, 宮新美智世, 苅部洋行, 朝田芳信, 木本茂成, 福田理, 飯沼光生, 仲野道代, 香西克之, 岩本勉, 野中和明, 牧憲司, 藤原卓, 山﨑要一

小児歯科学雑誌
2019年 57 巻 1 号 45-53
発行日: 2019/02/25
公開日: 2020/01/31

DOI https://doi.org/10.11411/jspd.57.1_45

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日本人乳歯の萌出時期および萌出順序を明らかにし，乳歯の萌出に変化が生じているか否かを検討する目的で，全国的に3 か月から3 歳11 か月の小児
8
,724 名を調査し，以下の結果を得た。
1 ．男児の乳歯萌出は，A が
5
か月－
9
か月，A が
7
か月－11 か月，
B
が
9
か月－1 歳2 か月，
B
が
9
か月－1 歳3 か月，
D
が1 歳1 か月－1 歳
6
か月，
D
が1 歳1 か月－1 歳
7
か月，
C
が1 歳2 か月－1 歳
8
か月，
C
が1 歳2 か月－1 歳
9
か月，
E
が1 歳11 か月－2 歳
7
か月，
E
が2 歳0 か月－2 歳11 か月の順だったが，BB 間と
D
,
D
,
C
および
C
の間には有意な差は認められなかった。
2 ．女児の乳歯萌出は，A が
6
か月－
9
か月，A が
7
か月－11 か月，
B
が
9
か月－1 歳1 か月，
B
が
9
か月－1 歳2 か月，
D
が1 歳1 か月－1 歳
7
か月，
D
が1 歳1 か月－1 歳
7
か月，
C
が1 歳3 か月－1 歳
9
か月，
C
が1 歳
4
か月－1 歳
9
か月，
E
が1 歳11 か月－2 歳
7
か月，
E
が2 歳1 か月－2 歳10 か月の順だったが，AA 間，AB 間，BB 間，DD 間，CC 間には有意な差は認められなかった。
3 ．性差は大部分の歯で認めず，
C
と
C
の萌出時期にのみ有意な差を認め，いずれも男児が1 か月早く萌出していた。
4
．前回報告（1988 年）に比べて，男児はA, A,
C
,
D
の，女児はA と
D
の，萌出時期が有意に早くなっていることを認めた。

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3 14員環マクロライド抗生物質の"diamond lattice" conformation modelについて

小倉治夫, 古畑公夫, 原田義則, 飯高洋一

天然有機化合物討論会講演要旨集
1976年 20 巻 3
発行日: 1976/09/20
公開日: 2017/08/18

DOI https://doi.org/10.24496/tennenyuki.20.0_16

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Structures of p-bromobenzoylpikromycin (11),
8
,
9
-anhydropikromycin hydrobromide (10) and bis-p-bromobenzoyloleandomycin (20) were fully confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analyses. The conformation of the 14-membered macrolide antibiotics is discussed on the "diamond lattice" conformation models (A,
B
,
C
,
D
, and
E
). In conclusion, the most favorable "diamond lattice" conformation model A,
C
,
D
, and
E
are applied to the compounds 2,
9
, 12, 13, 18;
5
,
6
,
7
, 14;
8
, 11; 3,
4
, 20, erythronolide
B
, triacetyloleandomycin, respectively. New "diamond lattice" conformation models
C
,
D
, and
E
are proposed as shown in Figures
7
,
8
, and
9
, respectively.
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