詳細検索結果

EFFECT OF PRELOADING ON POST-CONSTRUCTION CONSOLIDATION SETTLEMENT OF SOFT CLAY SUBJECTED TO REPEATED LOADING

藤原東雄, 上俊二

土質工学会論文報告集
1990年 30 巻 1 号 76-86
発行日: 1990/03/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf1972.30.76

ジャーナルフリー

抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする

The behavior of the soft clay grounds subjected to repeated loading is different from that subjected to sustained loading. The difference in settlement between these two loading patterns should be due to secondary compression over a long period of time. Consequently, soft clay grounds subjected to repeated loading tend to be more compressible than those subjected to sustained loading. Therefore, it is necessary for engineers to predict post-construction settlements under repeated loading. In this respect, the preloading is considered to be promising as a countermeasure to reduce the settlement of clay under repeated loading as well as under sustained loading. The effect of preloading on post-construction consolidation settlement of soft clay subjected to repeated loading after removal of a part of preload is investigated in the present paper. It has become clear that the settlement of a clay sample after preconsolidation is mainly affected by the amount of preload, the degree of consolidation due to the preload, the amount of permanent load and the amount of repeated load after removal of preload. The calculated settlement versus time relations using a method to estimate the amount of consolidation settlement of soft clay grounds subjected to repeated loading after removal of preloading were compared with the observed degree of consolidation as parameters of the intensities of preload and repeated load.
抄録全体を表示

PDF形式でダウンロード (1171K)
Formation by impact of some porphyritic rocks on the asteroid 4 Vesta

*Buchanan Paul

日本鉱物学会年会講演要旨集
2003年 2003 巻 C-41
発行日: 2003年
公開日: 2004/07/26

DOI https://doi.org/10.14824/kobutsu.2003.0.155.0

会議録・要旨集フリー

抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする

Clast Q from the polymict eucrite EET 87509 is a fragment of porphyritic rock containing euhedral, skeletal pyroxene phenocrysts (0.2-1.
5
mm in size) in a fine-grained mesostasis predominantly composed of pyroxene, plagioclase, and a silica mineral. Phenocrysts have magnesian cores (Wo₂En₇₂), which are zoned to more Fe- and Ca-rich margins (Wo₁₄En₅₄) and rimmed by a narrow overgrowth of augite (Wo₃₂En₃₉). Pyroxene and feldspar laths in the mesostasis are small (up to
3
x100 μm in size) and form sub-parallel aggregates, which radiate from phenocryst edges. Texture of this clast is strikingly similar to clast rho from the howardite Kapoeta [1].
　Bulk composition of clast Q was determined by INAA and modal recombination. Abundances of
Al₂O₃
for clasts Q (
9
.
94
wt. %) and rho (
9
.88 wt. %) [1] are significantly lower than those of the main group eucrites (
e
.g., Juvinas; 13.1 wt. %) [2], but are more similar to those of the howardites Malvern (
9
.96 wt. %) [
3
] and EET 87513 (
8
.4 wt. %) [4]. Abundances of Ni (260 ppm) and Co (55.4 ppm) for clast Q [see also
5
] are much higher than those of Juvinas (4 ppm and 4.
7
ppm, respectively) [2], but are comparable to those of the howardites Malvern (274 ppm) [
3
] and EET 87513 (273 ppm) [4].
　Dymek et al. [1] interpreted clast rho as a magnesian volcanic rock. However, the
Al₂O₃
contents of clasts Q and rho are more similar to those of howardites compared to those of main group eucrites. Abundances of Ni and Co for clast Q also are more similar to those of some howardites that may contain components of other types of meteorites [
e
.g., 4]. Recently, Koizumi et al. [6] experimentally produced a similar porphyritic texture by linear cooling of
0.5^oC
/hr of a basaltic liquid. These data suggest that clast Q (and, perhaps, clast rho) may represent impact melt that formed from a howardite regolith with a small component of material derived from an impactor and experienced a moderate rate of cooling.
References: [1] Dymek R.
F
. et al. (1976) GCA 40, 1115-1130. [2] Kitts K. and Lodders K. (1998) Meteor. Planet. Sci. 33, A197-A213. [
3
] McCarthy T. S. et al. (1972) EPSL 15,
86
-93. [4] Buchanan P. C. and Mittlefehldt
D
. W. (2003) AMR 16, 128-151. [
5
] Mittlefehldt
D
. and Lindstrom M. (1991) LPSC
22
, 901-902. [6] Koizumi
E
. et al. (2003) abstracts, Meteoritical Soc., #5175.
抄録全体を表示
Stimulative Effects of (
22E
,24R)-Ergosta-
7
,
22
-diene-
3β
,
5α
,6β-triol from Fruiting Bodies of Tricholoma auratum, on a Mouse Osteoblastic Cell Line, MC
3
T
3
-
E
1

Keishi Hata, Fuyuki Sugawara, Naganori Ohisa, Saori Takahashi, Kazuyuki Hori

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin
2002年 25 巻 8 号 1040-1044
発行日: 2002年
公開日: 2002/08/01

DOI https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.25.1040

ジャーナルフリー

抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする

We screened the differentiation-inducing activities of 39 mushroom extracts from Akita prefecture, Japan, on the mouse osteoblastic cell line, MC
3
T
3
-
E
1. Sixteen phosphate buffered saline (PBS),
8
boiled PBS, 14 ethanol and 12 methanol extracts induced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, an indicator of MC
3
T
3
-
E
1 cell differentiation. The enzyme activities were markedly induced by extracts of Tricholoma auratum, and we isolated the active compound from methanol extracts of this mushroom. Physical data for the isolated active compound were identical to those for (
22E
,24R)-ergosta-
7
,
22
-diene-
3β
,
5α
,6β-triol (1). 1 induced ALP activities of MC
3
T
3
-
E
1 cells and promoted cell proliferation. To investigate the relationships between the chemical structure and differentiation-inducing activity of the compound, ALP-inducing activities of MC
3
T
3
-
E
1 cells by 1, ergosterol (2), ergocalciferol (
3
), cholesta-
3β
,
5α
,6β-triol (4),
7
-dehydrocholesterol (
5
) and cholecalciferol (6) were tested. The enzyme activities of MC
3
T
3
-
E
1 cells were increased
3
.0-fold by 10 μM 1 and 2.4-fold by 10 μM 4. However, 2,
3
,
5
and 6 did not induce MC
3
T
3
-
E
1 cell ALP activity at 0.1—10 μM. These results suggested that the OH groups at C-
5
and/or C-6 of 1 and 4 played an important role in their differentiation-inducing activities on MC
3
T
3
-
E
1 cells. Furthermore, 1 suppressed induction of MC
3
T
3
-
E
1 cell apoptosis by serum starvation.
抄録全体を表示

PDF形式でダウンロード (125K)
Optical Energy-Levels of Cu⁺

Yosizo YAMAMOTO

Nippon Sugaku-Buturigakkwai Kizi Dai
3
Ki
1940年 22 巻 12 号 1048-1052
発行日: 1940年
公開日: 2009/06/09

DOI https://doi.org/10.11429/ppmsj1919.22.12_1048

ジャーナルフリー

抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする

The numerical values of the intervals betrween optieal levels are competed for the configurations
1s²2s²2p⁸3s²3p⁸3
*^{94s
, 5
s, 6s and 7
s of Cu⁺, according to the general expression of energy-levels derived in the previous paper The self-consistent field radial functions computed by Hartree adn Hartree are used for1s, 2s, 2p, 3
s, 3
p and 3
d
. Those of 4s, 5
s, e.s and are ealenlated from Hartree Hartree's core-functions by the numerical integrations. The calculated results are shown in Table I.The agreement with experiment is satisfactory
抄録全体を表示}

PDF形式でダウンロード (167K)
RESPONSE OF A DENSE SAND DEPOSIT DURING 1993 KUSHIR0-0KI EARTHQUAKE

井合進, 森田年一, 亀岡知弘, 松永康男, 安彦和之

土質工学会論文報告集
1995年 35 巻 1 号 115-131
発行日: 1995/03/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf1972.35.115

ジャーナルフリー

抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする

In the 1993 Kushiro-oki Earthquake of Richter magnitude
7
.
8
, simultaneous recording of earthquake motions was successfully made at the ground surface and at a depth of 77 meters in a dense saturated sand deposit. The peak horizontal acceleration was 0.47 g on the ground surface and 0.21 g at a depth of 77 meters. The acceleration record at the ground surface showed a distinctive ground response, which consisted of a cyclic motion having a period of about 1.
5
seconds overlain by a spike at each peak of the motion. In order to study the mechanism of this peculiar ground response, effective stress analysis was conducted on the dense saturated sand deposit. The model used for this study was a strain space multiple mechanism model, which takes into account the effect of principal stress axis rotation. The recorded earthquake motion at a depth of 77 meters was used as the input earthquake motion for the analysis. Sampling after in-situ freezing was done in order to evaluate the properties of the sand. The results of the analysis indicated that the observed ground response was due to the effect of dilatancy of sand, which plays a significant role in the response of the dense saturated sand deposits during strong earthquake motions.
抄録全体を表示

PDF形式でダウンロード (2072K)
MECHANISM FOR WATER FILM GENERATION AND LATERAL FLOW IN LIQUEFIED SAND LAYER

國生剛治

地盤工学会論文報告集
2000年 40 巻 5 号 99-111
発行日: 2000/10/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf.40.5_99

ジャーナルフリー

抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする

In view of the significant role of the water film effect in flow failure for a liquefied sandy deposit, the mechanism of water film generation is numerically studied based on a 1-dimensional model test. The process of water film growth and decay can be simulated to a certain extent by a simple consolidation analysis, which indicates that only a small difference in permeability in layered sand is enough for a water film to develop. A 1 G shaking table test for a two-dimensional slope model with an arc of silt within a saturated sand is then addressed to discuss the dilatancy effect exerted in sheared sand during flow failure. It is possible that, once the water film is formed, the transmission of shear stress through it is interrupted, leaving the sand below free from the dilatancy ; this eventually allows the water film to stay without being absorbed during flow failure. The result of another shaking table test for a trapezoidal slope with horizontal silt seams indicate that water films beneath the seams enable the soil mass above them to laterally flow along water films very gently inclined even after shaking. If a silt seam breaks due to excessive pressure in the water film, it triggers re-liquefaction in the upper sand and leads to further instability.
抄録全体を表示

PDF形式でダウンロード (1602K)
胆石胆嚢炎の手術時期と手術成績

木村泰三, 錦野光浩, 飯塚一郎, 矢部清寿, 岩中督, 竹下力, 甲田安二郎

日本臨床外科医学会雑誌
1981年 42 巻 3 号 275-279
発行日: 1981/05/01
公開日: 2009/02/10

DOI https://doi.org/10.3919/ringe1963.42.275

ジャーナルフリー

抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする

急性胆嚢炎の急性期手術の是非については,依然議論のあるところである.過去
8
年の当院外科での胆石胆嚢炎手術症例284例を,手術時期によって4群にわけ,平均手術時間(A),術中出血量(B),手術死亡率(C),術後合併症発生率(
D
),遺残結石発生率(
E
),手術から退院までの日数(
F
),全入院日数(G)などを比較検討した.急性期(発作中あるいは発症後
3
日以内)に手術を施行された症例は36例で, A124分, B302ml, C2.
8
%,
D
11%,
E
3
%,
F
19日, G
22
日であった.中間期(発症後4日～21日)に手術された症例は
94
例で, A132分, B259ml, C
3
.2%,
D
9
%,
E
2%,
F
15日, G26日であった.それに対し間歇期(発作後
22
日以後)に手術された症例は140例で, A123分, B222ml, C1.4%,
D
7
%,
E
2%,
F
15日, G34日であった.無症状胆石の手術症例は14例あるが,間歇期手術よりさらに良好な成績であった.
以上の結果より,急性期手術はその安全性の点で間歇期手術に何ら劣るものでなく,入院期間を著しく短縮出来る利点があり,積極的に試みられるべき治療法と考えられた.
抄録全体を表示

PDF形式でダウンロード (322K)
右房室弁の形態学的検索

その所属腱索および乳頭筋について

島田博

日本医科大学雑誌
1981年 48 巻 6 号 779-789
発行日: 1981/12/15
公開日: 2010/10/14

DOI https://doi.org/10.1272/jnms1923.48.779

ジャーナルフリー

抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする

Although there have been numerous articles concerning the anatomy of the atrioventricular valve in man, only a few publications have recorded the relationship between the chordae tendineae and the papillary muscles. The purpose of this paper is to study the relationship among the shape and size of the atrioventricular valve, the chordae tendineae and the papillary muscles. 50 subjects, as listed in Table 1, were analyzed by the Taniya-Hashimoto Method.
The results obtained were as follows:
1) The right atrioventricular valve was classified into two types: 33 cases (66%) of three irregularly shaped cusps, i.
e
. type I, and 17 cases (34%) of four or five cusps, i.
e
. type II.
2) The average circumference of the right atrioventricular orifice (ostium atrioventriculare dextrum) was 11.96cm (
9
.63.15.06cm) in type I and 12.19cm (
9
.52.15.
22
cm) in type H. There existed no significant difference in the circumference of the atrioventricular orifice between type I and II.
3
) The average length of the cusp-fundus (the length of the fixed margin of the cusp) was as follows:
type I: anterior cusp…………4.13cm (2.03-6.96cm)
posterior cusp…………
3
.62cm (1.21-
5
.44cm)
septalcusp……………4.21cm (
3
.11-6.08cm)
type II: anterior cusp…………4.10cm (2.68-
5
.42cm)
posterior cusp…………
3
.67cm (0.
94
-
5
.70cm)
septal cusp……………4.43cm (2.96-6.53cm)
4) The average width of the cusp (the maximum distance between the apex and the fundus of the cusp) was as follows:
type I: anterior cusp…………1.
86
cm (1.26-2.29cm)
posterior cusp…………1.62cm (0.62-2.
94
cm)
septal cusp……………1.76cm (1.15-2.72 cm)
type II: anterior cusp…………1.92cm (1.40-2.34cm)
posterior cusp…………1.72cm (0.
94
-2.42cm)
septal cusp……………1.84cm (1.14-2.53cm)
The length or width of the cusp in type I was similar to that in type II.
5
) The papillary muscles consisted of five groups, which were named the anterior, postlateral, postmedial, postseptal and septal muscles. The average number of the papillary muscles per right ventricle was
5
.
7
(2.0.
9
.0). The chordae tendineae from the anterior papillarymuscles were attached to the anterior and posterior cusps and those from the postlateral and postmedial muscles were attached to the posterior and septal cusps. The chordae tendineae from the postseptal muscles were linked only to the septal cusp and those from the septal muscles were connected to the septal and anterior cusps.
6) The average number of the stems of the chordae tendineae from the papillary muscles were as follows:
From the anterior papillary muscles………
7
.2 (2.0-14.0)
the postlateral papillary muscles……
3
.
5
(1.0-
8
.0)
the postmedial papillary muscles……4.0 (1.0-
8
.0) the postseptal papillary muscles……4.
5
(1.0-13.0) the septal papillary muscles………
5
.
7
(2.0-12.0)
The average n umber of the stems of the chordae tendineae per right ventricle was 24.4 (16.0-35.0).
7
) The tip of the chordae tendineae are attached to the fixed margin of the valve cusp, i.
e
. type A, to the ventricular surface, i.
e
. type B and to the free margin, i.
e
. type C. The average number of them were 23.4 (14.0-32.0) in type A, 19.2 (4.0-37.0) in type B and 68.1 (31.0-105.0) in type C. The average number of the apexes of the chordae tendineae per right ventricle was 110.
7
(53.0-166.0).
8
) The average number of the chordae tendineae for the anterior cusp was 34.
9
(12.0-64.0), for the posterior cusp 30.
5
(
5
.0-65.0) and for the septal cusp 45.
3
(23.0-68.0).
抄録全体を表示

PDF形式でダウンロード (2809K)
23pSM-6 Isoscalar and Isotensor π-π Scattering Lengths from K^+_<π
3
> Decays

T BAKER, C. RANGACHARYULU

日本物理学会講演概要集
1999年 54.2.1 巻 23pSM-6
発行日: 1999/09/13
公開日: 2018/03/04

DOI https://doi.org/10.11316/jpsgaiyo.54.2.1.0_16_3

会議録・要旨集フリー

PDF形式でダウンロード (244K)
PREDICTION METHOD ON DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR OF CAISSON-TYPE SEAWALLS COVERED WITH ARMORED EMBANKMENT ON MAN-MADE ISLANDS DURING EARTHQUAKES

金谷守, 河井正, 栃木均

地盤工学会論文報告集
2001年 41 巻 6 号 79-96
発行日: 2001/12/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf.41.6_79

ジャーナルフリー

抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする

In this paper, centrifuge shaking table tests were conducted in order to understand the performance of seawalls during a seismic event. The model tests showed that the displacement of the caisson was much affected by the seaward shear deformation of the sand seabed beneath it during shaking. It was also confirmed that an armored embankment played an important role in the displacement of the caisson during shaking. Based on these test results, a two-dimensional DEM-FEM coupled analysis method was newly developed to numerically predict the deformation of seawalls covered with armored embankments during earthquakes. The movements of the armor units were calculated by DE analysis and deformations of the caisson, rubble mound, sand seabed and backfill were calculated by FE analysis considering the non-linearity of the soil materials based on the effective stress. Dynamic interaction was taken into account by delivering the nodal displacements of the finite elements or the nodal forces converted from the contact forces through the imaginary distinct elements defined at the boundaries between the DE and FE domain. The applicability of this method to the prediction of the deformation of seawalls was verified through numerical simulations of the centrifuge model test.
抄録全体を表示

PDF形式でダウンロード (1987K)
INVERSE ANALYSIS OF DYNAMIC SOIL PROPERTIES BASED ON SEISMOMETER ARRAY RECORDS USING THE EXTENDED BAYESIAN METHOD

本城勇介, 岩本悟志, 杉本三千雄, 鬼丸貞友, 吉澤睦博

地盤工学会論文報告集
1998年 38 巻 1 号 131-143
発行日: 1998/03/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf.38.131

ジャーナルフリー

抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする

Seismic records obtained from a seismometer array located in downtown Tokyo Japan for about ten years were inversely analyzed to estimate the dynamic soil parameters. Due to the illposed nature of the problem, the simple and often used "least square method" does not properly estimate the parameters. The Extended Bayesian Method combined with the Akaike Bayesian Information Criterion was introduced to overcome this difficulty. The results obtained were compared with dynamic triaxial test results obtained at the time of the seismometer installation. The shear moduli agree quite well with the estimated results, however the damping ratios estimated are slightly higher than the ones obtained in the laboratory.
抄録全体を表示

PDF形式でダウンロード (1516K)
ESTIMATE OF ELASTIC SHEAR MODULUS IN HOLOCENE SOIL DEPOSITS

澁谷啓, 田中洋行

地盤工学会論文報告集
1996年 36 巻 4 号 45-55
発行日: 1996/12/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf.36.4_45

ジャーナルフリー

抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする

An empirical equation in use for estimating the pseudo-elastic shear modulus, G_f, of subsoil, associated with shear strains less than 0.001% is proposed in this paper. In a series of in-situ seismic cone tests performed nationwide, the profiles of both G_f and the in-situ void ratio,
e₀
, with depth were successfully characterised at five sites, each comprising a soft clay layer deposited in the Holocene era. The database which comprised the original data from the field and laboratory tests, coupled with similar information on well-documented Holocene clay deposits in Europe, was statistically analyzed in attempts to determine a generalised relationship with which G_f of soft clay may be reasonably estimated only from routinely available borehole data; that is
e₀
and the current geostatic effective overburden pressure, σ'_v. An empirical relationship, G_f=
5
, 000
e₀
-
1.5
√(σ'_v) (kPa), was derived from the statistical analysis applied to data from seven different clays worldwide, for which
e₀
extended over a range between 1 and
5
, and the overconsolidation ratio ranged roughly between 1 and 2. The applicability of the proposed relationship was evaluated for two case records, each in which the clay exhibited unusual behavior; i.
e
., the undrained shear strength remained more or less constant with depth due to the existence of artesian pressure at one site, and, at the other, G_f decreased, whereas
e₀
increased, with depth. It was demonstrated that even in these clay deposits exhibiting exceptional profiles, the proposed relationship was capable of predicting G_f with a reasonable accuracy by determining the profiles of
e₀
and σ'_v with depth. In addition, the prediction when compared to G_max from carefully performed laboratory cyclic tests, yielded a better estimate of G_f from the in-situ seismic survey. Despite the fact that the empirical relationship was initially designated to estimate G_f of soft clays, it may be equally applicable to sandy deposits. This was verified by comparing it to similar, and well-established, relationships developed for sands. A case record as such is also described for a loose sand deposit at Higashi-Ohgishima in Tokyo Bay which was placed in 1960's by land reclamation.
抄録全体を表示

PDF形式でダウンロード (1370K)
小児患者の咬合力に関する研究

(1) 健全歯と充填処置歯の比較

土屋友幸, 高橋淳, 渡辺直彦, 鬼頭秀明, 井上三枝, 磯村文質, 黒須一夫

小児歯科学雑誌
1996年 34 巻 5 号 1157-1163
発行日: 1996/12/25
公開日: 2013/01/18

DOI https://doi.org/10.11411/jspd1963.34.5_1157

ジャーナルフリー

抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする

本研究は,齲蝕に罹患していない小児と,軽度の齲蝕に罹患した小児の咬合力を比較検討するとともに,齲蝕に罹患した群の歯冠修復後の咬合力を検索することを目的として行った。被験者は,
3
歳から6歳の健全群の男児20名,女児18名の計38名と充填処置群の男児30名,女児28名の計58名,総計96名である。咬合力の測定は,咬合力計(日本光電社製:MPM-3000)を使用した。結果を要約すると,以下のようであった。健全群の咬合力は,右側第二乳臼歯で20.l±1.
9
kg,左側第二乳臼歯で19.
5
±2.4kg,右側第一乳臼歯で18.
9
±2.4kg,左側第一乳臼歯で18.
3
±2.
8
kgであり,第二乳臼歯部の方がやや高い値を示した。充填群の咬合力は,右側第二乳臼歯で処置前14.6±
3
.
7
kg,処置後18.
8
±2.
5
kgであった。左側第二乳臼歯は処置前14.
7
±35kg,処置後18.4±2.6kgであった。右側第一乳臼歯は処置前13.
9
±2.
7
kg,処置後17.
8
±2.
3
kg,左側第一乳臼歯は処置前14.2±
3
.1kg,処置後17.
3
±2.
7
kgであった。各部位の処置前と処置後の咬合力の平均値の差の検定では,いずれの部位においても有意差が認められ,処置後の方が明らかに高い値を示した(p<0.01)。
抄録全体を表示

PDF形式でダウンロード (1530K)
Sterol Constituents from the Fruit Bodies of Grifola frondosa (FR.) S.
F
. Gray

Takaaki ISHIZUKA, Yasunori YAOITA, Masao KIKUCHI

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin
1997年 45 巻 11 号 1756-1760
発行日: 1997/11/15
公開日: 2008/03/31

DOI https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.45.1756

ジャーナルフリー

抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする

Four new sterols,
5α
, 6α-epoxy-(
22
E
, 24R)-ergosta-
8
(14),
22
-diene-
3β
,
7β
-diol (1), (
22
E
, 24R)-ergosta-
8
,
22
-diene-
3β
,
5α
, 6β,
7α
-tetrol (2), (
22
E
, 24R)-ergosta-
7
,
9
(11),
22
-triene-
3β
,
5α
, 6β-triol (
3
) and
3β
,
5α
, 6β-trihydroxy-(
22
E
, 24R)-ergost-
22
-en-
7
-one (4), have been isolated from the fruit bodies of Grifola frondosa (FR.) S.
F
. GRAY (Polyporaceae)together with fourteen known ones (
5
-18), of which two (
5
and 6) are reported for the first time from a natural source. The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectral data.
抄録全体を表示

PDF形式でダウンロード (790K)
SETTLEMENTS IN FINE-GRAINED SOILS UNDER CYCLIC LOADING

安原一哉, 村上哲, 豊田紀孝 /, ADRIAN
F
.L. HYDE

地盤工学会論文報告集
2001年 41 巻 6 号 25-36
発行日: 2001/12/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf.41.6_25

ジャーナルフリー

抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする

Based on the methods previously presented by the authors (Yasuhara et al., 1992, 1994, 1996) for predicting the degradation in strength and stiffness of soft clays in the course of cyclic loading, a methodology has been developed to estimate the cyclic loading-induced settlements. The method also includes not only immediate settlements but also post-cyclic long-term settlements due to dissipation of cyclically induced excess pore pressures in soft soils. The simplified formulae included in the proposed methodology are given as functions of the amplitude of cyclic-induced excess pore pressure normalized by the confining pressure, u/p'_c, plasticity index I_p and factor of safety against bearing capacity failure, F_s. The calculations of cyclic-induced settlements were conducted for soft soil deposits with different index and geotechnical properties. The results calculated using the proposed methodology are presented in the form of a design chart to give the settlement versus normalized excess pore pressure ratio relations including the effects of the plasticity index and safety factor for bearing capacity. An example of the calculated results using the proposed procedure for the earthquake-induced settlements of embankments founded on soft clay, is presented to demonstrate the practicality of the method for design at fields.
抄録全体を表示

PDF形式でダウンロード (1375K)
EFFECTIVENESS OF TOP-SHAPED CONCRETE BLOCKS IN PREVENTING SETTLEMENT OF FOUNDATIONS IN LIQUEFIED GROUND

安田進, 伯野元彦, 永瀬英生, 小林正二郎, 吉田剛

土質工学会論文報告集
1994年 34 巻 1 号 65-76
発行日: 1994/03/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf1972.34.65

ジャーナルフリー

抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする

Shaking table tests were performed to clarify the settlement in liquefied loose sand of a new foundation incorporating top-shaped concrete blocks. In the tests, blocks of half scale were installed as they are in practice, by using a crusher-run, a lattice of iron rods and iron bars. Shaking table tests were also conducted on foundations with two differently shaped concrete blocks to investigate the effectiveness of the three foundations in reducing settlement. One was a T-shaped concrete block, or a disk-shaped concrete plate with a leg. The other was a conical concrete block without a leg. The results of shaking table tests showed that the foundation with the top-shaped concrete blocks was most effective in reducing the settlement among the three types of foundation. FEM elastic analyses were performed to compute the stress distributions in the models and in-situ ground when the top-shaped concrete blocks were applied and to confirm whether liquefaction resistance of the sand layer below the foundation is large. Moreover, the factor of safety against liquefaction, F_L was evaluated in in-situ model ground, in order to compare with sensitivities against liquefaction in the ground without countermeasures and with top-shaped concrete blocks. For the liquefaction analyses, shear stress in the ground during an earthquake was estimated by dynamic analyses using the SHAKE computer program.
抄録全体を表示

PDF形式でダウンロード (1369K)
THE MODIFIED "STIFFENED" DRNEVICH RESONANT COLUMN APPARATUS

ANESTIS S. AVRAMIDIS, SURENDRA K. SAXENA

土質工学会論文報告集
1990年 30 巻 3 号 53-68
発行日: 1990/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf1972.30.3_53

ジャーナルフリー

抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする

The original Drnevich Resonant Column apparatus has been designed for testing cylindrical soil specimen with maximum longitudinal and torsional stiffnesses corresponding to approximate resonant frequencies 285 Hz and 318 Hz respectively. This apparatus has been modified successfully and its stiffness has been increased to over threefold in the longitudinal vibratory mode and at least twofold in the torsional vibratory mode. Monterey No. O sand samples prepared at approximate relative densities 43% and 60% were tested with the original and the modified apparatus in the range of effective confining pressures from 49 kPa to 588 kPa. Measurement of dynamic moduli values measured with the original apparatus were up to 23% higher, and damping values up to five times higher than those measured by the modified apparatus.
抄録全体を表示

PDF形式でダウンロード (1521K)
SMALL STRAIN SHEAR MODULUS OF CLAY SEDIMENTATION IN A STATE OF NORMAL CONSOLIDATION

澁谷啓, 三田地利之

土質工学会論文報告集
1994年 34 巻 4 号 67-77
発行日: 1994/12/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf1972.34.4_67

ジャーナルフリー

抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする

In this paper, consideration is given as to how to characterize depth-variation for the small-strain shear modulus of natural clay sedimentation, in a state of normal consolidation. A case study was carried out for a relatively uniform clay layer deposited in the Holocene era. Initially, the effects of both strain and in-situ stress levels on secant shear modulus were carefully examined in cyclic torsion shear tests using undisturbed samples, which were recovered at different depths in a test borehole. The range of shear strain examined was between 0.001% and 1%. Similar examination was made for a silty clay using reconstituted samples that were isotropically consolidated at different stress levels. On the basis of the results of these laboratory tests, together with the shear modulus from an in-situ seismic survey, the small-strain shear modulus was formulated in terms of the stress and strain levels, and linked also to undrained shear strength. Interactions of the small strain stiffness between in-situ and laboratory are discussed in depth with an attention paid to the existing aging effect in the original subsurface condition.
抄録全体を表示

PDF形式でダウンロード (1416K)
色素性乾皮症 (XP) 患者における基底細胞上皮腫

山口潤, 袋秀平, 近藤靖児, 西岡清, 佐藤吉昭

Skin Cancer
1993年 8 巻 1 号 67-69
発行日: 1993/04/20
公開日: 2010/08/05

DOI https://doi.org/10.5227/skincancer.8.67

ジャーナルフリー

抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする

Clinical and histopathological examinations were carried out on 133 basal cell epitheliomas (BCEs) from 23 patients with xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) . A total of 69 BCEs occurred in 10 patients with XP-A (age at first excision: 6-
22
y, average: 11.
5
y) ; 34 in
8
XP-variant (
22
-47y, 30.
8
y) ; 16 in 1 XP-
E
;
9
in 2 XP-
F
; 4 in 1 XP-
D
; and 1 in 1 XP-C. Of the 133 BCEs, 131 (99%) developed on sun-exposed areas. Clinically, most cases presented as a small, black, glossy nodule. Histopathologically, the solid type of BCE was most common (
94
%) . The age of onset of skin cancer is characteristically earlier in patients with XP. Although the mean age at first excision was 24 years among the 23 XP patients in this study, it differed considerably from one XP group to another. Ninety seven percent of the BCEs developed on the face in the patients with XP. This high incidence in comparison with 70% in patients without XP suggests that sunlight plays a significant role in the development of skin cancers in XP.
抄録全体を表示

PDF形式でダウンロード (238K)
Furostanol Saponins from the Fresh Rhizomes of Polygonatum kingianum

Jie Zhang, Bai-Ping Ma, Li-Ping Kang, He-Shui Yu, Yun Yang, Xian-Zhong Yan, Fang-Ting Dong

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin
2006年 54 巻 7 号 931-935
発行日: 2006年
公開日: 2006/07/01

DOI https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.54.931

ジャーナルフリー

抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする

Ten furostanol saponins were isolated as five pairs of 25R and 25S epimers from the fresh rhizomes of Polygonatum kingianum. Seven of them were identified as new compounds, (25S)-kingianoside
D
(2), (25S)-kingiano-side C (4), (25R,
22
)-hydroxylwattinoside C (
5
), kingianoside
E
(
7
), (25S)-kingianoside
E
(
8
), kingianoside
F
(
9
) and (25S)-kingianoside
F
(10), together with three known saponins, kingianoside C (1), kingianoside
D
(
3
), and
22
-hydroxylwattinoside C (6). The structures of the new saponins were determinded by detailed analysis of their 1
D
and 2
D
NMR spectra, and by comparison of the spectral data with those reported.
抄録全体を表示

PDF形式でダウンロード (116K)

J-STAGEへの登録はこちら（無料）