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MECHANISM FOR WATER FILM GENERATION AND LATERAL FLOW IN LIQUEFIED SAND LAYER

國生剛治

地盤工学会論文報告集
2000年 40 巻 5 号 99-111
発行日: 2000/10/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf.40.5_99

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In view of the significant role of the water film effect in flow failure for a liquefied sandy deposit, the mechanism of water film generation is numerically studied based on a 1-dimensional model test. The process of water film growth and decay can be simulated to a certain extent by a simple consolidation analysis, which indicates that only a small difference in permeability in layered sand is enough for a water film to develop. A 1 G shaking table test for a two-dimensional slope model with an arc of silt within a saturated sand is then addressed to discuss the dilatancy effect exerted in sheared sand during flow failure. It is possible that, once the water film is formed, the transmission of shear stress through it is interrupted, leaving the sand below free from the dilatancy ; this eventually allows the water film to stay without being absorbed during flow failure. The result of another shaking table test for a trapezoidal slope with horizontal silt seams indicate that water films beneath the seams enable the soil mass above them to laterally flow along water films very gently inclined even after shaking. If a silt seam breaks due to excessive pressure in the water film, it triggers re-liquefaction in the upper sand and leads to further instability.
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Prevalence and molecular characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and plasmidic AmpC β-lactamase (pAmpC) producing Escherichia coli in dogs

Özkan ASLANTAŞ, Ebru Şebnem YILMAZ

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science
2017年 79 巻 6 号 1024-1030
発行日: 2017年
公開日: 2017/06/16
[早期公開] 公開日: 2017/04/27

DOI https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.16-0432

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This study aimed to determine the prevalence of fecal carriage of extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and/or plasmidic AmpC β-lactamase (pAmpC) producing Escherichia coli among dogs (n=428) in Turkey. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing were used to characterize genes encoding β-lactamase and plasmid mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and PCRs for virulence genes and phylogenetic groups were also performed. Cefotaxime resistant
E
. coli isolates were detected in 95 (
22
.2%) of the swab samples. Sequencing analysis results showed occurrence of various β-lactamase genes: bla_CTX-M-15 (62), bla_{TEM-1b
(42), bla_CMY-2 (22
), bla_{CTX-M-3
(16), bla_CTX-M-1 (15), bla_OXA-1 (9
) and bla_SHV-12 (3
) alone or in combination. The most frequently encountered phylogenetic group was group A₁ (35.8
%), followed by group D₂
(22
.1%), B
1 (15.8
%), D₁
(9
.5
%), A₀ (7.4
%), B2₂
(5
.3
%) and B2₃
(4
.2%), respectively. PMQR genes, aac(6’)-Ib-cr, qnrS1 and qnrB10 were detected in 25.3
, 10.5
and 1.1% of the isolates, respectively. While all isolates were susceptible to imipenem and amikacin, resistance rates to non-β-lactam antibiotics ranged from 20.0% for tobramycin to 56.8
% for tetracycline. The virulence genes were only detected in 34 (36.2%) of the isolates and this isolates carried single or various combination of virulence genes of iucD, papC, papE, f17a-A and eaeA. Four isolates were identified as human virulent pandemic CTX-M-15 producing E
. coli clone O25b
:ST131/B
2. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to show fecal carriage of ESBL/pAmpC type β-lactamase producing E
. coli isolates among dogs in Turkey.
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(
22E
, 24S)
5α
-Stigmasta-
3
,
22
-dien-6-one: An Intermediate of the Isomerization of (
22E
, 24S)-
3α
,
5
-Cyclo-
5α
-stigmast-
22
-en-6-one into (
22E
, 24S)-
5α
-Stigmasta-2,
22
-dien-6-one

Suguru TAKATSUTO, Kiyomi KOBAYASHI, Tsuyoshi WATANABE, Hiroki KURIYAMA, Tokuo FURUSE

Agricultural and Biological Chemistry
1988年 52 巻 12 号 3217-3218
発行日: 1988年
公開日: 2006/04/05

DOI https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.52.3217

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48(P-13) ヒメマツタケ培養菌糸体の新規骨格化合物blazeispirol類の構造と生合成(ポスター発表の部)

廣谷正男, 金子麻美, 廣谷聖子, 浅田善久, 吉川孝文

天然有機化合物討論会講演要旨集
2000年 42 巻 48/P-13
発行日: 2000/10/01
公開日: 2017/08/18

DOI https://doi.org/10.24496/tennenyuki.42.0_283

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Agaricus blazei is an important fungus for producing bioactive compounds. There are some reports of polysaccharides and steroid derivatives from the fruiting bodies of A. blazei. However, the chemical examination of the secondary metabolites of the cultured mycelia of this species has not been reported. Eight compounds, an unprecedented skeleton have been isolated from the cultured mycelia of A. blazei. The structures of the novel compounds each named blazeispirols A (1),
B
(2), C (
3
),
D
(
4
),
E
(
5
) X(6), Y (7) and Z (
8
) were confirmed by extensive 1
D
and 2
D
NMR spectral data and X-ray analysis. Blazeispirols A (1),
B
(2), C (
3
),
D
(
4
) and
E
(
5
) were des-A-ergostane type compounds having spiroacetal structure as a side chain. Blazeispirols X (6) and Y (7) were determined to be (20S,
22
S, 23R, 24S)-1 (10→6) abeo-14β,
22
:
22
, 25-diepoxyergosta-
5
,7,
9
,11-tetraene-
3
α,23-diol and (20S,
22
S, 23R, 24S)-14β,
22
:
22
,25-diepoxy-
9
,23-dihydroxyergosta-
4
,7,11-triene-
3
,6-dione by comparison of extensive 1
D
and 2
D
NMR spectral data with that of blazeispirol A. The biosynthesis of blazeispirol A was investigated by feeding ^<13>C-labeled acetates and methionine to the growing cultures of A. blazei. The labeling patterns of 1 derived from singly and doubly ^<13>C-labeled acetates were consistent with that of ergosterol reported previously except for the A-ring and then ^<14>C-labeled ergosterol was incorporated into blazeispirol A. Taking the structures of blazeispirols Z and
D
into consideration, it can be assumed that blazeispirol A is biosynthesized from ergosterol by the cleavage of C-
4
, C-
5
and C-1, C-10 bonds on retro aldol condensation and Michael reaction via such as intermediate A as shown in Fig.
4
. A large number of ergostane-type steroids have been isolated from many fungi. However, blazeispirol A is the first example of a naturally occurring des-A-ergostane-type steroid including a spiroacetal structure moiety as a side chain.
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EFFECT OF PRELOADING ON POST-CONSTRUCTION CONSOLIDATION SETTLEMENT OF SOFT CLAY SUBJECTED TO REPEATED LOADING

藤原東雄, 上俊二

土質工学会論文報告集
1990年 30 巻 1 号 76-86
発行日: 1990/03/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf1972.30.76

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The behavior of the soft clay grounds subjected to repeated loading is different from that subjected to sustained loading. The difference in settlement between these two loading patterns should be due to secondary compression over a long period of time. Consequently, soft clay grounds subjected to repeated loading tend to be more compressible than those subjected to sustained loading. Therefore, it is necessary for engineers to predict post-construction settlements under repeated loading. In this respect, the preloading is considered to be promising as a countermeasure to reduce the settlement of clay under repeated loading as well as under sustained loading. The effect of preloading on post-construction consolidation settlement of soft clay subjected to repeated loading after removal of a part of preload is investigated in the present paper. It has become clear that the settlement of a clay sample after preconsolidation is mainly affected by the amount of preload, the degree of consolidation due to the preload, the amount of permanent load and the amount of repeated load after removal of preload. The calculated settlement versus time relations using a method to estimate the amount of consolidation settlement of soft clay grounds subjected to repeated loading after removal of preloading were compared with the observed degree of consolidation as parameters of the intensities of preload and repeated load.
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A PRESSURE AND DENSITY DEPENDENT DILATANCY MODEL FOR GRANULAR MATERIALS

R.G. WAN, P.J. GUO

地盤工学会論文報告集
1999年 39 巻 6 号 1-11
発行日: 1999/12/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf.39.6_1

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This paper outlines a mathematical description of the stress dilatancy behaviour of granular materials which accounts for stress level and void ratio dependencies. The consideration of these aspects has important implications in the modelling of granular material behaviour. In fact, granular material mechanical response is largely dominated by the evolution of dilatancy, fabric and void ratio histories. The starting point in this study is the well established Rowe's theory which is revisited and ultimately modified by introducing a factor linked to governing state parameters in order to describe the complete behaviour of granular materials during deformation. Numerical simulations of triaxial tests on granular materials at different void ratios and stress levels are herein presented to illustrate the model.
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顎関節症における関節円板のMRIによる検討

関節円板の前方転位の程度と復位および臨床所見との関係

松木宏真, 尾崎登喜雄

日本口腔外科学会雑誌
1999年 45 巻 4 号 241-251
発行日: 1999/04/20
公開日: 2011/07/25

DOI https://doi.org/10.5794/jjoms.45.241

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To determine the position of the anteriorly displaced articular disc, we examined temporomandibular joints by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 54 patients with unilateral temporomandibular joint dysfunction. MRI was done before conservative therapy in the occlusal and maximal open-mouth position. We drew a straight line connecting the lowest point of the articular eminence (point A) and the highest point of the external acoustic pore (point
E
) by tracing the sagittal view on MRI. On the standard A-
E
line, points
B
', C', and
D
' were sought by dropping perpendicular lines from the deepest point of the glenoid fossa (point
B
), the highest point of the condylar head (point C), and the most posterior point of the articular disc (point
D
). We then determined the sagittal position of the articular disc in the glenoid fossa by measuring the distances
AD
' and C'
D
' and sought the correlation between these distances and clinical findings. The results were as follows. 1. The distance
AD
' in 33 patients with MRI-defined irreversible displacement of the disc was shorter than that in 10 patients with reversible displacement (
3
.7±1.
9
mm vs 6.
8
±2.0mm, p<0.0001). In contrast, the distance C'
D
' in the former was longer than that in the latter (6.0±1.7mm vs
3
.
4
±1.
5
mm, P<0.0001). Of 29 discs displaced anteriorly less than
5
mm in distance C'
D
', 19 (66%) had reversible or no displacement. However, 23 (92%) of 25 discs displaced more than
5
mm in distance C'
D
' had irreversible displacement. 2. Disc deformity and abnormal signal intensity bands in the condylar head closely correlated with distances
AD
' and C'
D
'. In 17 patients without disc deformity, mean
AD
' and C'
D
' distances were
9
.
8
± 2.7mm and 0.2± 2.
8
mm, respectively. In 19 and 18 patients with mild to moderate and severe deformity, the mean
AD
'(C'
D
') distances were
5
.
4
±1.
8
mm (
4
.
5
±1.6mm) and 2.7±1.
8
mm (6.
8
±1.
5
mm), respectively.
3
. Although distance
AD
' and C'
D
' did not correlate with clinical symptoms, the degree of anterior disc displacement correlated with the therapeutic effect of conservative therapy. The mean
AD
' distance (7.
3
±
3
.7mm) in 15 patients with a complete response to conservative therapy was longer than that (
3
.
4
±1.
4
mm) in
5
patients with no improvement. These results indicate that the sagittal position of the articular disc can be determined by MRI and that successful conservative therapy is unlikely if anterior disc displacement extends beyond
5
mm from the top of the condylar head, often resulting in irreversible displacement.
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Effect of Thermomechanical Processing on the Microstructure and Properties of a Low Carbon Copper Bearing Steel

M. K. Banerjee, P. S. Banerjee, S. Datta

ISIJ International
2001年 41 巻 3 号 257-261
発行日: 2001/03/15
公開日: 2007/05/31

DOI https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.41.257

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A boron treated copper bearing HSLA steel containing austenite formers like manganese and nickel, somewhat lower in amount than that in HSLA 100 variety of steel is chosen for the study. The role of thermomechanical processing on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the above steel has been investigated. Differential scanning calorimetric study is carried out for understanding the precipitation behaviour of copper in HSLA steel under the influence of boron. The microstructure of the experimental steel is found to consist of laths of martensites and bainite. MA constituents of ribbon like morphology are observed at the lath boundaries. Higher strength properties of the steel are attributed to the presence of finely distributed precipitates of copper and microalloy carbides.
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22
a-
E
-1 New Possibility of Solving the Problem of Lifetime Ratio τ(Λ_
b
)/τ(
B_d
)

松井吉光, 伊藤稔明, 松田正久

日本物理学会講演概要集
1997年 52.2.1 巻 22a-E-1
発行日: 1997/09/02
公開日: 2018/03/04

DOI https://doi.org/10.11316/jpsgaiyo.52.2.1.0_10_1

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Synthesis and Biological Activity of (
22
E
, 24R)- and (
22
E
, 24S)-1α, 24-Dihydroxy-
22
-dehydrovitamin
D₃

斉洋之, 高津戸秀, 池川信夫, 田中洋子, スミスコニー, デルカ F.ヘクター

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin
1984年 32 巻 10 号 3866-3872
発行日: 1984/10/25
公開日: 2008/03/31

DOI https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.32.3866

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Chemical synthesis of (
22
E
, 24R)- and (
22
E
, 24S)-1, 24-dihydroxy-
Δ²²
-vitamin
D₃
has been achieved starting with the commercially available dinorcholenic acid acetate. Synthesis involved introduction of the 1-hydroxy group by a reduction of the 1, 2-epoxide generated by epoxidation of the 1,
4
, 6-trien-
3
-one. The side chain on the steroid was then constructed by means of a Wittig reaction followed by introduction of the Δ⁷ bond by standard methods and its protection with 1-phenyl-1, 2,
4
-triazoline-
3
,
5
-dione. Subsequent reduction of the hydroxy groups in the steroid side chain followed by reduction of the Diels-Alder addition products yielded the both 24-isomers. The
5
, 7-dienes were irradiated and the corresponding vitamin
D
compounds isolated. Nuclear magnetic resonance was used to identify individual isomers. The (
22
E
, 24S)-1, 24-hydroxyvitamin
D₃
compound bound equally well to the chick intestinal cytosol receptor as 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin
D₃
, while the 24R-isomer was approximately ten times less active. In vivo, both isomers were less active than 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin
D₃
; however, the 24S-isomer was considerably more active than the 24R-isomer approaching the activity of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin
D₃
.
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An Efficient Preparation of (
22E
, 24S)-
5α
-Stigmasta-2,
22
-dien-6-one from (
22E
, 24S)-
3α
,
5
-Cyclo-
5α
-stigmast-
22
-en-6-one

Tsuyoshi WATANABE, Hiroki KURIYAMA, Tokuo FURUSE, Kiyomi KOBAYASHI, Suguru TAKATSUTO

Agricultural and Biological Chemistry
1988年 52 巻 8 号 2117-2118
発行日: 1988年
公開日: 2006/04/05

DOI https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.52.2117

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日本から,そして海から世界に革命を起こし『持続可能な未来を創る』ためのファーストステップとしてのEV船

末次康将

マリンエンジニアリング
2021年 56 巻 5 号 680-687
発行日: 2021/09/01
公開日: 2021/10/12

DOI https://doi.org/10.5988/jime.56.680

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Syntheses of Some Tricyclic Heterocycles from
5
, 6-Diamino-1,
3
-dimethyluracil

伊東常男, 富井保雄, 内藤貴之, 山村美奈子, 石川一郎, 川原徳夫, 水野義久, 小倉治夫

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin
1989年 37 巻 8 号 2197-2199
発行日: 1989/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31

DOI https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.37.2197

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5
-Amino-6-mercapto-1,
3
-dimethyluracil (2) was prepared by the treatment of
5
, 6-diamino-1,
3
-dimethyluracil (1) with liquid H₂S and pyridine in a sealed steel tube at 60°C for 20 h. Thiazolo[
5
,
4
-
d
]pyrimidinediones
3
a,
b
were obtained from 2 by cyclization with HCO₂H and AcOH.Under stringent conditions, however, 1 was converted into the
5
,
9
-dihydrodipyrimido[
4
,
5
-
b
:
5
',
4
'-
e
][1,
4
]thiazine derivtive
4
a.The structure of
4
a was confirmed by spectral (nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectra) data and by comparison with a sample which was prepared from 2 and
5
-hydroxy-1,
3
-dimethyluracil.Benzylation of
4
a gave 1,
3
, 7,
9
-tetramethyl-
5
-benzyl (or p-bromobenzyl)-
5
,
9
-dihydrodipyrimido[
4
,
5
-
b
:
5
',
4
'-
e
][1,
4
]thiazine-2,
4
, 6,
8
-(1H,
3
H, 7H)-tetrone (
4
b
, c) and 1,
3
, 7,
9
-tetramethyl-
5
-benzyl (or p-bromobenzyl)-
5
,
9
-dihydropyrrolo[
3
, 2-
d
:
4
,
5
-
d
']dipyrimidine-2,
4
, 6,
8
-(1H,
3
H, 7H)-tetrone (6a,
b
).
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わが国における主要中晩生および香酸カンキツ染色体のCMA染色

山本雅史, 久保達也, 冨永茂人

園芸学会雑誌
2005年 74 巻 6 号 476-478
発行日: 2005年
公開日: 2006/02/24

DOI https://doi.org/10.2503/jjshs.74.476

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わが国における主要中晩生および香酸カンキツ染色体のクロモマイシン
A₃
(CMA) 染色を行った. 染色体はCMA(+) バンドの有無および位置から
5
種類に区分できた. すなわち, CMA(+) をA: 両端および動原体近傍に有する,
B
: 一方の端部と動原体近傍に有する, C: 両端に有する,
D
: 一方の端部に有する,
E
: CMA(+) がない, である. 各種はこれらのうち
4
,
5
種類の染色体を有し, 独自のCMAバンドパターンを示した. ハッサクでは1A+1C+
8
D
+
8
E
, ヒュウガナツでは2A+2C+
5
D
+
9
E
, ‘川野なつだいだい’では1A+2C+7
D
+
8
E
, ‘宮内伊予柑’では1A+1
B
+1C+
8
D
+7
E
, タンカン‘垂水1号’では1A+1
B
+1C+
8
D
+7
E
, カボスでは
3
B
+2C+
5
D
+
8
E
, スダチでは1
B
+2C+
9
D
+6
E
およびユズ‘山根’では2
B
+1C+11
D
+
4
E
であった. 以上の結果, 本研究においても近縁の種間では似通ったCMAバンドパターンが観察された.
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Allelic variation of LMW-GS composition in Chinese wheat landraces of the Yangtze-River region detected by MALDI-TOF-MS

Yanchun Peng, Zitong Yu, Shahidul Islam, Yujuan Zhang, Xiaolong Wang, Zhensheng Lei, Kan Yu, Dongfa Sun, Wujun Ma

Breeding Science
2016年 66 巻 4 号 646-652
発行日: 2016年
公開日: 2016/09/30
[早期公開] 公開日: 2016/08/11

DOI https://doi.org/10.1270/jsbbs.16050

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電子付録

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Low molecular weight glutenin subunits are important components of wheat storage proteins, which play an important role in determining end-use quality of common wheat. A newly established matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) procedure was used to analyze 478 landraces of bread wheat collected from the Yangtze-River region in China. Results indicated that 17 alleles at three loci: Glu-
A3
, Glu-
B3
and Glu-
D3
were identified, resulting in 87 different allele combinations. Of the 17 alleles detected at all the Glu-
3
loci, five belonged to Glu-
A3
, seven to Glu-
B3
and five to Glu-
D3
locus. MALDI-TOF-MS indicated Glu-A
3
a/c was present in 72.
8
%, Glu-
A3b
in
8
.
4
%, Glu-
A3d
in
8
.
4
%, Glu-
A3f
in
5
.2% and Glu-
A3e
in
3
.6% lines. Seven types of alleles were identified at the Glu-
B3
locus: Glu-
B
3
d
/i (25.
5
%), Glu-
B3b
(21.
3
%), Glu-
B3c
(16.
9
%), Glu-
B3h
(13.
8
%), Glu-
B3f
(
8
.
4
%), Glu-
B3a
(
8
.2%), and Glu-
B3g
(
5
.2%). Five types of Glu-
D3
alleles were detected: Glu-
D3a
(58.
4
%), Glu-
D3c
(
22
.6%), Glu-
D3d
(15.
5
%), Glu-
D3b
(
3
.
3
%) and Glu-
D3f
(0.2%). Four new alleles that showed abnormal MALDI-TOF spectrum patterns were identified at the Glu-
A3
and Glu-
B3
loci. A detailed study is needed to further characterize these alleles and their potential usage for wheat improvement.

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ESTIMATE OF ELASTIC SHEAR MODULUS IN HOLOCENE SOIL DEPOSITS

澁谷啓, 田中洋行

地盤工学会論文報告集
1996年 36 巻 4 号 45-55
発行日: 1996/12/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf.36.4_45

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An empirical equation in use for estimating the pseudo-elastic shear modulus, G_f, of subsoil, associated with shear strains less than 0.001% is proposed in this paper. In a series of in-situ seismic cone tests performed nationwide, the profiles of both G_f and the in-situ void ratio,
e₀
, with depth were successfully characterised at five sites, each comprising a soft clay layer deposited in the Holocene era. The database which comprised the original data from the field and laboratory tests, coupled with similar information on well-documented Holocene clay deposits in Europe, was statistically analyzed in attempts to determine a generalised relationship with which G_f of soft clay may be reasonably estimated only from routinely available borehole data; that is
e₀
and the current geostatic effective overburden pressure, σ'_v. An empirical relationship, G_f=
5
, 000
e₀
-
1.5
√(σ'_v) (kPa), was derived from the statistical analysis applied to data from seven different clays worldwide, for which
e₀
extended over a range between 1 and
5
, and the overconsolidation ratio ranged roughly between 1 and 2. The applicability of the proposed relationship was evaluated for two case records, each in which the clay exhibited unusual behavior; i.
e
., the undrained shear strength remained more or less constant with depth due to the existence of artesian pressure at one site, and, at the other, G_f decreased, whereas
e₀
increased, with depth. It was demonstrated that even in these clay deposits exhibiting exceptional profiles, the proposed relationship was capable of predicting G_f with a reasonable accuracy by determining the profiles of
e₀
and σ'_v with depth. In addition, the prediction when compared to G_max from carefully performed laboratory cyclic tests, yielded a better estimate of G_f from the in-situ seismic survey. Despite the fact that the empirical relationship was initially designated to estimate G_f of soft clays, it may be equally applicable to sandy deposits. This was verified by comparing it to similar, and well-established, relationships developed for sands. A case record as such is also described for a loose sand deposit at Higashi-Ohgishima in Tokyo Bay which was placed in 1960's by land reclamation.
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FULL-SCALE EMBANKMENT CONSOLIDATION TEST USING PREFABRICATED VERTICAL THERMAL DRAINS

CHANIDNUN POTHIRAKSANON, DENNES T. BERGADO, HOSSAM M. ABUEL-NAGA

SOILS AND FOUNDATIONS
2010年 50 巻 5 号 599-608
発行日: 2010年
公開日: 2010/12/28

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf.50.599

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In this study the field feasibility of an innovative thermal technique to improve the performance of prefabricated vertical drains (PVD) used in conjunction with the preloading ground improvement method is investigated. For this purpose, two identical 6.0 m high full-scale test embankments for preloading were constructed over the soft Bangkok clay where a conventional PVD system was installed underneath one embankment and a novel prefabricated vertical thermo-drain (PVTD) system was utilized for the other. The PVTD unit consists of a U-tube made of cross-linked polyethylene plastic (PEX) that is attached to a conventional PVD unit. Preheated water at about 90°C is circulated through the attached U-tube to raise the soil temperature underneath the PVTD embankment. The behavior of the two test embankments were compared in terms of excess pore water pressure and consolidation results. The comparison shows the advantage of a PVTD system over a conventional PVD system. The rate of consolidation increases significantly in the PVTD system due to the temperature effect on the hydraulic conductivity. Moreover, the embankment with the PVTD system generates more settlement due to the thermally induced irreversible contraction of saturated normally consolidated soft Bangkok clay.

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14 新規免疫抑制活性物質mycestericin類
D
,
E
,FおよびGの絶対配置の決定と全合成(口頭発表の部)

浜道則光, 藤多哲朗, 松崎徹, 北尾有紀, 城内正寿, 広瀬良治

天然有機化合物討論会講演要旨集
1995年 37 巻 14
発行日: 1995/09/01
公開日: 2017/08/18

DOI https://doi.org/10.24496/tennenyuki.37.0_79

会議録・要旨集フリー

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Mycestericins
D
(1),
E
(
3
), F (2) and G (
4
), new immunosuppressants, were isolated from the culture broth of Mycelia sterilia ATCC 20349. The immunosuppressive activities of 1 and 2 exhibited an IC_<50> of 16nM and 120nM against mouse allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), respectively, while
3
and
4
exhibited an IC_<50> of 13nM and 370nM, respectively. The proposed structures were unambiguously confirmed by spectroscopy, chemical evidence and total synthesis. Their absolute configurations have been determined by comparison of their CD spectra with those of synthetic compounds (R and S)-
9
prepared from methyl (2S,
4
R)-2-tert-butyl-
3
-formyl-oxazolidine-
4
-carboxylate (
5
) and stearoyl chloride. Thus, mycestericins
D
(1) and F (2) were assigned to be 2 (S),
3
(S) configurations, while mycestericins
E
(
3
) and G (
4
) were 2 (S),
3
(R) configurations. The first total synthesis of mycestericins have been achieved from
5
and 1,
8
-octanediole (10). The alkyl chain moiety 21 was prepared in 12 steps from 10 by straightforward reactioin. The key intermediate
22
obtained from
5
and 21 could be converted to the desired final compounds. Stereoselective reduction of the ketone
22
with Zn(BH_
4
)_2 or NaBH_
4
provided the (R)-hydroxy 23, the protecting groups of which were removed with 10% MeOH in CF_
3
COOH, followed by hydrolysis of 24 to give mycestericin
E
(
3
). On the other hand, mycestericin
D
(1) was synthesized from
22
by deprotection, followed by reduction of 25 with Me_
4
NBH(OAc)_
3
and then hydrolysis of 26. Hydrogenation of mycestericin
D
(1) and
E
(
3
) provided the corresponding F (2) and G (
4
).
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一般講演 : 口演(
B
-1〜
B
-23, C-1〜C-142,
D
-1〜
D
-68,
E
-1〜
E
-67)
5
月28日(金)・29日(土)
B
・C・
D
・
E
会場

気管支学
1999年 21 巻 3 号 54-59
発行日: 1999/04/25
公開日: 2016/10/15

DOI https://doi.org/10.18907/jjsre.21.3_54

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一般講演 : 口演(
B
-1〜
B
-23, C-1〜C-142,
D
-1〜
D
-68,
E
-1〜
E
-67)
5
月28日(金)・29日(土)
B
・C・
D
・
E
会場

気管支学
1999年 21 巻 3 号 51-53
発行日: 1999/04/25
公開日: 2016/10/15

DOI https://doi.org/10.18907/jjsre.21.3_51

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