A single specimen of an engraulid fish,
Encrasicholina devisi (Whitley, 1940) as collected from Uchinoura Bay, Kagoshima Prefecture, southern Japan, in January 011. The previously reported northernmost record of the species being as Taiwan, the agoshima specimen is described here as the northernmost (and first Japanese) record nown of
E
. devisi. Although the species is similar to
E
. heteroloba in having the maxilla osteriorly reaching to the subopercle, differences between the species have been unclear, ue to a lack of detailed comparisons. Comparisons of
E
. devisi with
E
. heteroloba based n 29 and 32 specimens, respectively, from the Indo-West Pacific revealed the former to ave
3
unbranched rays in the dorsal and anal fins [vs. 2 or (rarely) 1 in
E
. heteroloba].
ncrasicholina devisi also differs from
E
. heteroloba in having relatively fewer gill rakers:
6
–46 (mode 40) on the first gill arch [vs. 44–51 (46)], 30–37 (34) on the second gill rch [vs. 33–42 (38–40)], 15–
22
(19) on the fourth gill arch [vs. 19–25 (21)] and
3
–
7
(
6
) n the posterior face of the third gill arch [vs.
5
–8 (
7
)]. Morphometrically,
E
. devisi is eparable from
E
. heteroloba in head length [25.8–27.
5
% (mean 26.
7
%) of standard length s.
22
.8–25.
5
% (24.
3
%)], first unbranched dorsal-fin ray length [
0
.
4
–1.8% (1.
0
%) vs.
4
.1– .
7
% (
5
.
6
%)], second unbranched dorsal-fin ray length [
5
.
3
–
7
.
5
% (
6
.
7
%) vs. 12.
3
–15.2% 13.
5
%)], first unbranched anal-fin ray length [
0
.
3
–2.1% (1.
0
%) vs. 2.
5
–
5
.
0
% (
3
.
6
%)] and econd unbranched dorsal-fin ray length [2.
3
–
4
.
9
% (
3
.
9
%) vs.
7
.
3
–11.
0
% (
9
.
6
%)], and in aving the third or fourth soft ray in the dorsal fin longest (vs. second to fourth), and third o fifth soft ray in the anal fin longest (vs. second or third).
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