ラットに

3H

-CU-

83

(S)を25μg/kgで静脈内あるいは経口投与し，血液中濃度および尿糞中排泄を検討した．
静脈内投与後の血液中濃度推移は投与後5分より上昇し，投与後45分に25.74ng eq./mlのC_maxを示し，それ以後t_1/2

3

.05時間とt_1/2 33.09時間の二相で減少した．投与後72時間までのAUCは135.42ng eq.·hr/mlであった．
経口投与では，投与後

3

時間でC_max 4.10ng eq./mlに達し，以後t_1/2α 4.46時間とt_1/2β 26.

83

時間の二相で減少した．投与後72時間までのAUCは48.62ng eq.·hr/mlであった．
静脈内投与と経口投与のいずれの場合も，尿および糞中への放射能の排泄は，投与後48時間でほぼ終了した．静脈内投与では，投与後72時間までに投与量の30.52%が尿中に，60.42%が糞中に排泄された．経口投与では，同じく72時間までに40.34%が尿中に，69.24%が糞中に排泄された．

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L'entree en Iran des armees britannique et sovietique s'est produite en aout 1941. Elle ebranla du coup le regime de la dynastie pahlavi qui etait au pouvoir depuis 16 ans, et mena le pays vers l'instabilite politique et le chaos social. La defaite de l'arme gouvernementale, qui etait le pivot du regime de Reza Shah, reduisit considerablement le controle du gouvernement central dans le pays. Cette situation politico-sociale confuse permit le developpement de differents mouvements politiques en Iran. C'est ainsi que le 16 aout 1942 le parti clandestin Komeley Jiyanewey Kurdistan (J-K) est ne a Mehabad, une ville au nord-ouest de l' Iran. Des sa formation, ce parti a su etendre sa sphere d'activite et, en une courte periode de temps, a fini par mettre sous son influence la ville et ses alentours. A la fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, en ete 1945, le J-K etait devenu une organisation representant le mouvement nationaliste kurde en Iran. C'est a ce moment-la qu'un autre parti politique, le Hizbi Dimokratiki Kurdistan (HDK), fonde par Qazi Mihemed a Mehabad aussi, devait remplacer le J-K. Des le janvier 1946, le HDK proclama l'instauration de la≪Republique de Kurdistan≫. Cependant, les troupes sovietiques qui avaient pris sous leur protection la Republique evacuerent les terres iraniennes, en mai 1946. Six mois plus tard, sous la pression militaire du gouvernement central iranien, la republique s'ecroula. Deux theories tentent d'expliquer le passage du J-K au HDK. William Eagleton Jr., par exemple, affirme dans The Kurdish Republic of 1946 que le HDK a ete cree sur le conseil des autorites sovietiques. L'ex-secretaire general du Parti Democratique du Kurdistan d'Iran, 'Ebd el-Rehman Qasimlu maintient par contre que Qazi Mihemed a etabli le nouveau parti de sa propre initiative, eu regard a la situation politique de cette epoque-la. Il considere que la passage du J-K au HDK comme etant l'evolution d'un parti nationaliste clandestin en un parti democratique. En analysant ces deux theories et en se basant sur les autobiographies des personages qui se sont engages dans cet evenement, cette etude tentera d'examiner le principe directeur et les activites du J-K et de mieux comprendre les raisons pour lesquelles le J-K devait etre remplace par le HDK. La conclusion generale portera sur les differents objectifs politiques du J-K et du HDK. Le J-K visait l'elevation du niveau culturel du peuple tout en luttant contre le tribalisme, qui etait, selon lui, le probleme majeur de≪la nation kurde≫, et cela en ecartant toute idee de revolte militaire. Le J-K a aussi exclu de son cadre les elites sociales telles que les leaders des tribus et dirigeants religieux de peur qu'ils n'excercent une influence sur les membres du parti. L'automne de 1944 fut le debut d'une nouvelle ere pour le mouvement kurde. Alors que l'espoir de l'autodetermination augmentait parmi le peuple a mesure que s'approchait la fin de la guerre, la necessite de la force militaire a commence a se faire sentir dans le J-K. C'est pour cela que s'est produite au sein du parti une tendance a compter sur l'aide militaire des sovietiques et a recourir au leadership de Qazi Mihemed, qui avait une certaine influence meme sur les leaders tribaux. Mais cette tendance etait essentiellement incompatible avec la ligne fondamentale du J-K et, graduellement, a prive ce parti de sa raison d'etre. Ainsi, le HDK se substitua au J-K en tant que≪parti democratique≫visant a rallier d'abord les elites sociales sous sa banniere, en s'appuyant sur l'autorite personnelle de Qazi Mihemed.

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1. The chromosome numbers of 64 species have been studied on which 56 are investigated for the first time.
2. Morphological, anatomical and cytological findings on the Musaceae in the broad sense are considered from a phylogenetical standpoint and three distinct groups:
a) Musa-Ensete, b) Ravenala-Strelitzia-Phenakospermum and c) Holiconia are recognised as suggested by some authors. For these groups sub-familial status is proposed.
. Lowiaceae have been studied for the first time cytologically and their chromosome morphology, distinct from that of any other group of Zingiberales, confirms their claim to familial status.
4. Consideration of the conflicting theories proposed to account for the higher chromosome number in genera like Globba, Alpinia, and Phaemeria, etc. leads to rejection of Chakravorti's hypothesis of wholesale fragmentation of chromosomes and the acceptance of the opposed view of Raghavan and Venkatasubban and others.
5. Holttum's transference of the genus Zingiber to the tribe Hedychieae has been given cytological support on the following points:
a) the basic number in the genus Zingiber correlates with that of Kaempferia.
b) the new tribe Alpinieae (which is infact Zingibereae without Zingiber) have consistently 48 chromosomes in their somatic complements.
. It is suggested that the African representatives of Kaempferia should be given the status of genus; Cienkowskya on the following points:
a) the difference in floral morphology
b) geographical separateness and
c) the difference in the number and morphology of the chromosomes. By comparing the present and past findings, various lines of evolution of the chromosome complements within each group are discussed.
7. The basic number 11 is considered to be probably the original one for the Zingiberales as a whole, being present in Ravenala which is the most primitive member in the order. From this secondary basic numbers have arisen through evolution.

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The acetone extracts from three samples of the hepatopancreas of the poisonous scallops obtained on the Okhotsk Coast of Hokkaido Island were fractionated into two parts, hexane soluble fraction (fraction H) and 85% aqueous ethanol soluble fraction (fraction ) by partition to two layers. The majortoxic components in the mouse assay of “diarrheic shellfish toxin” by intra-peritoneal injection were found to be free unsaturated fatty acids showed the following toxicity in MU per g, 18:1 n-9 35, 18:2 n- , 18: n- 167, 18:4 n- , 20:5 n- 167, and : n- , respectively. Toxicity of the fraction Hin MUper g was much lower than that of the fraction . However, the toxicity of the fraction H per 1 g of the hepatopancreas was about twice that of the fraction , since the fraction Hwas much more abundant than the fraction in the hepatopancreas. The method for the assay of the diarrhetic shellfish toxin must be reexamined by considering the toxic effect of the free unsaturated fatty acids.

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It has been shown after mathematical and mechanical investigation that Limit Equilibrium Method (LEM) can be considered as a method to obtain the necessary condition of Slip Line Method (SLM), and that the solution can be obtained under the condition that F_s=1 and ∂F_s/∂θ=O, where F_s is the safety factor and θ is the inclination of the plane on which the safety factor is defined. Next, the generalized LEM (GLEM) is proposed, dealing with the following points : (1) Triangular or quadrangular blocks can be treated; (2) Safety factors are defined also on interblock planes; and () All types of plastic problems, slope stability, bearing capacity, and earth pressure are identically formulated. Two situations regarding treatment of the moment equilibrium condition are discussed. GLEM is applied to well-known problems. The results agree well with those obtained by theoretical methods. GLEM can be used to obtain the distribution of earth pressure or bearing capacity. GLEM, Iike ordinary LEM, is very effective for the practical problems, but GLEM is more theoretical and it can result in more accurate solutions.

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We analyzed the distribution of periodontal bacteria (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella nigrescens, Prevotella intermedia, Eikenella corrodens, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Capnocytophaga sputigena) in dental plaque materials from 227 children (- years old). The plaque materials were collected from all erupted teeth sites using a sterile toothbrush. Chromosomal DNA was extracted from each plaque sample, followed by a polymerase chain reaction with species-specific sets of primers. Standard strains of bacteria were used as controls. Total detection rate of P.gingivalis, P.nigrescens, P.intermedia, , A.actinomycetemcomitans and C.sputigena were 5.%, 47.1%, .4%, .7%, .% and .1%, respectively. , C.sputigena and A.actinomycetemcomitans were very frequently detected at all ages. On the other hand, P.gingivalis and P.intermedia were detected less frequently. Detection rate of P.nigrescens, and C.sputigena increased with age. The average detection number for each age group increased with age (2.63, 2., .43 and .45 for age , 4, 5 and , respectively). The number of bacterial species in the plaque materials increased with age as well. Our results indicate that P.nigrescens, , A.actinomycetemcomitans and C.sputigena are established quite early in childhood, these bacteria increase with age in the oral cavity.

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Recently we saw two patients with acute hepatitis, infected with hepatitis virus (HEV) of a rare genotype . One patient (Tokyo/2012) had traveled Spain 1 month before developing hepatitis, while the other patient (Saitama/2014) did not have history of traveling abroad. Nearly entire genomic sequence of HEV was recovered from both patients; 7,336 nucleotides (nt) from the Tokyo case in 2012 (isolate name=JAO-SpaTok12, accession=LC055972) and 7,306 nt from the Saitama case in 2014 (JMH-Sai14, LC055973). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that JMH-Sai14 from the Saitama patient, who denied having traveled abroad, could be classified into a subgroup of genotype , together with European isolates as well as an already reported Japanese isolate HE-JA12-0725 (AB850879) from a patient living in Gunma and having never traveled abroad when he/she developed hepatitis in 2012. On the other hand, the Tokyo patient's sequence segregated to a separate branch together with European isolates. Based on these findings it is possible that HEV genotype has already made inroad into Japan as in the case of .

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【目的】ラテックス法試薬（LZテスト‘栄研’H.ピロリ抗体：栄研L，LタイプワコーH.ピロリ抗体・J：和光L）の診断精度を検討する。

【方法】検診受診者899名の血清を用い，標準である

プレート‘栄研’H.ピロリ抗体II（カットオフ U/ml：-plate）を対照に比較解析した。

【結果】内視鏡的Helicobacter pylori感染診断に基づく

-plateの感度・特異度・偽陰性率は.7%・.%・15.%であった。栄研Lの感度は68.5%と-plateに比べ有意に低く，特異度は.2%と同等，偽陰性率は31.5%と有意に高かった。和光Lの感度は.%と同等，特異度は92.%と有意に低く，偽陰性率は16.2%で同等であった。胃がんリスク層別化検査の偽A群率は，-plateの13.5%に比べ，栄研Lは27.9%と有意に高く，和光Lは14.4%と同等であった。

【結論】

-plateに比べ栄研Lの感度は有意に低く，偽陰性率・偽A群率は有意に高かった。和光Lは感度・偽陰性率・偽A群率のいずれも-plateと同等であった。

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The applicability of a method for predicting 'bearing capacity increase'in reinforced sandy ground was examined using tests performed under various test conditions. It was found that the present method predicted, with reasonable accuracy, the bearing capacity increase in sandy ground, reinforced with stiff reinforcement. This method may not be applicable for sandy ground reinforced with extensible reinforcement due to the unsuccessful formation of a semirigid zone under the footing. An investigation into the settlement of a footing on reinforced sandy ground, at ultimate footing load condition, suggested that the settlement of footing for reaching peak footing load may be correlated to the 'deep-footing'and the 'wide-slab'mechanisms. That is, the ultimate settlement ratio between reinforced and unreinforced model sandy ground, SR_f, may be linearly correlated to 'BCR_D'and 'BCR_s', which represent 'deep-footing' and 'wide-slab'effects, respectively, on the ultimate bearing capacity increase in reinforced sandy ground.

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The association between apolipoprotein (Apo-) polymorphism and the response of plasma cholesterol to dietary therapy (cholesterol intake of less than 300mg/day) was investigated for about weeks in 208 nonfamilial hypercholesterolemia patients (/ 161, 4/ 47). The baseline lipoprotein concentration and the intake of energy and lipids were not significantly different between subjects with / and those with 4/ phenotypes. After the dietary therapy plasma total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly decreased in both phenotype groups (p<.05). The patients with 4/ had significantly smaller reductions of LDL-C than the patients with /. The changes of LDL-C showed a significant difference between the patients with / and 4/ by the Kruskal Wallis test (p=.041). The presence of 4/ predicted the degree of cholesterol reduction following dietary therapy.

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1991年～2005年の福井県など4県における散発下痢症患者由来の大腸菌0153107株について, 市販の薬剤感受性ディスクを用いたKB (Kirby-Bauer) 法で12剤の薬剤感受性を調べた. 薬剤別耐性菌出現率はampicillinが72.9%, streptomycinが48.%, tetracyclinおよびsulfisoxazoleが46.7%, nalidixic acid (NA) が29.9%およびciprofloxacin (CPFX) が24.%などであった. 7～10剤に耐性を示す18株中16株など計26株が, NAおよびCPFXに耐性を示した. NAおよびCPFXに耐性を示した24株とNAに耐性を示した1株について, gyrAおよびparC遺伝子の解析を行った結果, 次の4typesに分けられた. type1 (1株) GyrA (SL) ・ParC (S80I), type2 (12株) GyrA (SL & D87N) ・ParC (S80I), type (株) GyrA (SL & D87N) ・ParC (S80I & G) または (S80R & V), type4 (4株) GyrA (SL & D87N) ・ParC (S80I & A108T). アミノ酸変異とfluoroquinolone (FQ) 系薬剤の最小発育阻止濃度 (MIC) との関連をみると, CPFX, ofioxacinおよびnorfloxacinのMICはtype1では, それぞれ1μg/mL, 2μg/mLおよびμg/mL, type2では～32μg/mL, ～32μg/mLおよび16～256μg/mL, type, 4では32～256μg/mL, 32～128μg/mLおよび128～>512μg/mLであった. 患者由来のFQ系剤耐性大腸菌O153が多剤耐性傾向を示すとともに, gyrAおよびparCで各々1～2カ所の変異がみられた.

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The pseudo-static analysis has been used in engineering practice to simplify the computation of the upper limit of a slope under seismic load. In this paper, the upper bound technique of limit analysis of perfect plasticity is used to determine the bearing capacity of a foundation near a down-hill slope. In this analysis (Chen et al., 1969; Chen, 1975), a logarithmic spiral rapture (Abdul-Baki et al., 1970; Sawada et al., 1984) is assumed to start at an edge of the loaded area far from the slope. A landslide is assumed to be of rigid body type with the inertia force acted at its center of gravity. The collapse state is reached when the rate of kinematic energy of the landslide together with the load is equal to the rate of dissipation of internal energy along the sliding surface. This energy balance leads to the equation of ultimate load with several parameters. The optimized numerical rcsults with respect to these parameters are compared with those by Kotter's method (Yamaguchi, 1959) and those obtained by the slice method.

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