A sample of [

3H

] tobrarnycin (

5

, 000 Ci/Mole) has been synthetized and incubated with
the bacterial ribosome and its subunits. The results obtained show that this antibiotic has
two types of binding sites. The primary one is probably responsible for the inhibition of
protein synthesis whereas the secondary one is probably related to the misreading and reading
tiirough of the messenger RNA.

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The correction factor (η_ie) for the ultimate bearing capacity of a footing placed adjacent to a slope, taking into account the combined effect of horizontal and vertical seismic loads, represented by horizontal and vertical seismic coefficients, k_h and k_v, respectively, was derived using a modified Janbu's slice method. The influence of slope angles ‘α’ on the values of ‘η_ie’ are studied here. It was found that the values of η_ie can be expressed as an exponential function of ‘k_h/(1-k_v)’ and ‘α’, with a measurable interdependency between ‘α’ and ‘η_ie’. The influence of ‘α’ on the value of ‘η_ie’ increases as the input value of ‘k_h/(1-k_v)’ increases. Equations derived based on the analytical results are proposed to account for this effect. Based on the analyses of 11 near-fault seismographers obtained in the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake in Taiwan, a ratio between the vertical and the horizontal seismic coefficients, λ, of between ±0.25 is suggested for including the combined effect of vertical and horizontal seismic forces in evaluating the seismic bearing capacity of footings located in near-fault areas.

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At present, analytical or empirical formula for seismic bearing capacity of footings adjacent to slopes is not available. This study uses a pseudo-static-based approach in conjunction with rigorous Janbu's slice method to derive analytical values of seismic bearing capacity factors (N_γ) and correction factors for the effects of inertia of soil mass and load inclinations for a rigid footing adjacent to cohesionless slopes. It is shown that both the bearing capacity factors (N_γ) and the correction factors for the seismic bearing capacity of footings placed on level ground derived herein are comparable with those reported in the literature. Empirical equations regarding the effects of slope angles and load inclinations, expressed using generalized forms of those proposed in the literature, are also derived. It is also found that the empirical equations derived in the present study provide values of correction factors in good agreements with the analytical ones, indicating the validity of using these empirical equations for assessing the bearing capacity of rigid footings situated on the slope subjected to pseudo-static seismic loading.

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This paper is concerned with dynamics of the standard penetration test (SPT). The usefulness of mounting strain gages at two different stations along a driven rod is described, together with a workable procedure of analysis. The analysis procedure makes use of the traveling time between the two gage points and enables one to identify the particle velocity, the displacement and the stress at any station of the rod, as well as the energy actually transmitted from a hammer to the rod. Particular attention is called for the consequence of inevitable, small errors in strain data upon such identifications. A pertinent procedure of error-correction is proposed and its validity is substantiated against the performance of well instrumented SPTs performed by the authors.

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(

3H

) Tobramycin was used as a probe to determine the relationship between the structure of aminoglycoside antibiotics and their ability to remove this drug from its higher affinity binding site on the ribosome. The dissacharide moieties (neamine, tobramine, gentamine) appeared to have a common binding site, whereas the kanosamine, garosamine and ribose moieties determined the specificity of this binding. Amikacin and butikacin behaved in an anomalous manner in spite of their close structural relationship to tobramycin.

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Repetitive liquefactions in angular and subangular gravels from an alluvial fan, in the case of two earthquakes with accelerations lower than that of a former which had caused liquefaction some months before, are described. The liquefaction took place from the surface, down to a depth of approximately 10 m. Water laden with sediments spouted out for some tens of minutes after the strong motion ceased. Knowledge of the grain size distribution of the sediments inside the body of the alluvial fan roughly defines the areas of the fan prone to future liquefaction. Non-repetitive liquefaction in overconsolidated fine fluvio-lacustrine sand of glacial origin at the unusual depth of 14 m to 16 m is also described. From the observation of sand lifted up for 10 m inside a large diameter well, and of that which spouted out from several microvents, it was estimated that extra-pore pressure was close to lithostatic conditions. Nevertheless, modeling of intrinsic pore pressure buildup on the DESRA2 programme gives lower values than the experimental one. Geotechnical characteristics of the 12 m-thick sandy stratum indicate that the upper part is unusually soft, either due to water circulation or past repetitive liquefactions which prevented reconsolidation. It is suggested that excess pore pressure generated by the earthquake was also due to redistribution of pressure from adjacent sediments.

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ウシリンパ球の-ロゼット法の成績に影響する諸要因を検討し, 本法を標準化するため用いる羊血球の品種および個体差, 処理法 (ノイラミニダーゼ(E_N), 2-アミノエチルイソチオウロニウムブロマイド(E_AET)), ロゼットメディウム, T, 両マーカーをもつリンパ球について検討し, 正常牛リンパ球のサブポピュレーションをしらべた。サフォーク種, コリデール種および雑種の血球間でのロゼット形成率(RFC)には差を認めなかった。処理(E_N, E_AET) 血球のRFCは無処理血球のそれに比べ有意に高かった (P<.01,<.01)。標準法としては, 20%FCS 加 Eagle's MEMリンパ球 (-4×10⁶ml)浮遊液とAET処理1%羊赤血球デキストラン (%デキストラン, Mol.wt. 177000)浮 遊液とを等量(400μ1)混合し, 37℃, 30分反応後遠心し, 4℃, 16～20時間静置後の算定が適当であった。本法による-ロゼット法, 蛍光標識抗ウシIgGを用いた表面免疫グロブリンの測定およびイースト粒子取込み法による単球の同定法により, 正常牛頭の末梢血単核細胞をTリンパ球 (61.4±.%, 56-68%), リンパ球 (.±4.1%, 16-30%), 単球 (.1±2.%, 4-10%) に分別し得た。T, 両マーカーをもつリンパ球は約% (0-%) 認められた。

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Nアルキル,4:,10-ペリレンテトラカルボン酸モノアンヒドリド=モノイミド[4a～]と芳香族アミン(アニリン,p-トルイジン,p-アニシジン,,-キシリジン,4-アミノナゾベンゼン,およびo-フェニレンジアミン)を縮合して非対称型,4:,10-ペリレンビス(ジカルボキシミド)誘導体-N-アルキル-N'-アリール-,4:,10-ペリレンビス(ジカルボキシミド)(〔a～〕,〔a～〕,〔7a～〕,〔a～〕,〔a～〕,および〔10a～〕)を合成した. これらの各誘導体はすべて赤色系の色相を示し, 顔料試験の結果N-ブチル-N'-アリール-,4:,10-ペリレンビス(ジカルボキシミド)(たとえば〔〕や〔〕)がとくにすぐれた耐光性を示した.

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Two new polyacetylene compounds (4, , 12)-1-acetoxy--isovaleryloxytetradeca-4, , 12-trien-, 10-diyn-14-ol (), and (4, , 12)-1-acetoxy--(2-methylbutyryloxy)tetradeca-4, , 12-trien-, 10-diyn-14-ol () have been isolated along with (4, , 12)-1-acetoxy--senecioyloxytetradeca-4, , 12-trien-, 10-diyn-14-ol (A) from Atractylodes Rhizome (Karabyakujutu). The structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of their spectral data.

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The activities of tobramycin derivatives acetylated and ethylated on the '-N, 2'-N and -N positions were examined. The MICs of these derivatives against tobramycin sensitive strains indicated that 2'-N-ethylated and '-N-ethylated derivatives have a fairly good activity, and confirmed that the -N position is the most important one for antibiotic activity since -N derivatives were less active. The MICs of these derivatives against tobramycin resistant strains, and their inactivation by tobramycin modifying enzymes were examined. These results showed that 2'-N or '-N ethylation protects the drug against inactivation by AAC(2') or AAC('), respectively, and 2'-N-ethyltobramycin and '-N-ethyltobramycin were active against strains containing these modifying enzymes. On the other hand, -N ethylation protects the drug against inactivation by AAC() but -N-ethyl tobramycin does not inhibit strains containing this enzyme.

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カンキツ主要12種を用いて染色体のクロモマイシン (CMA) 染色を行った．染色体は CMA(+) バンドの有無および位置から 7 種類に区分できた．すなわち，CMA(+) を A: 両端および動原体近傍に有する，: 一方の端部と動原体近傍に有する，: 両端に有する，: 一方の端部に有する，: CMA(+) がない，F: 動原体近傍に有する，Dst: 付随染色体を有する 型，である．各種はこれらのうち 2～ 種類の染色体を有し，独自の CMA バンドパターンを示した．

C

. medica では 2 + + ，

C

. limon では 1 + 1 + + ，

C

. aurantifolia では 2 + + 7，

C

. aurantium では 1A + 1 + 1 + 7 + ，

C

. sinensis では 2+ 2 + 7 + 7，

C

. maxima では A + + 4 + ，

C

. paradisi では 2A + + + 7，

C

. ichangensis では 2 + 2 + 12 + 2，

C

. latipes では 2A + + + ，

C

. micrantha では 1 + 11 + 4 + 2Dst，

C

. macroptera では 2 + 1 + 11 + + 1F，

C

. hystrix では + 1 + + + 2F + 1Dst であった．

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性周期における牛の末梢血中遊離estrogen測定にITTRICH螢光法を応用して次の成績を得た。
Ittrich colorの最大波長をspectrofluorometer Hitachi MPF-2AおよびType203で測定した結果,励起光538nm,螢光552.nmであった。この螢光特性は, およびにそれぞれ共通であった。実際の測定では最大波長が接近しているので感度は若干低下するが510~520nmで励起し•螢光側552•±•を読み,ALLENの補正を行なった。この条件において,および-methyletherの最少検出量は1ngであった。回収率補正の目的で加えた,7-

3H

-

E₂

-17βの全過程における回収率は平均60.

3

±11.7%であった。正常性周期を示す黒毛和種2頭の頸静脈血についてestrogenを分画測定した。その結果,両牛共

E₁

,

E₂

の各消長型は性周期の全期間を通じてほぼ同じ傾向を示したが,

E₂

は

E₁

にくらべ全般に高値であった。また

E₃

は検出されなかった。これらの牛のtotalestrogenは発情前期に増加し,排卵前に鋭いピーク(35.

3

および

99.8ng

/l;

E₁5.9

および16.0ng/l,

E₂29.4

および

83.8ng

/l)を形成し,排卵後は急激に減少して最低値(

3

.

8

~

5.3ng

/l;

E₁1.6

および

1.9ng

/l,

E₂2.2

および

3.4ng

/l)を示した。黄体期の最高値(10.1および27.0ng/l;

E₁2.4

および

3.4ng

/l,

E₂7.7

および

23.6ng

/l)は排卵後

6

~

8

日に認めた。すなわちestrogenの血中濃度は性周期の間に2つのピークを形成することを認めた。

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Effects of noise exposure on aural reflex (AR) were investigated. The threshold of AR (ART) was measured in two groups exposed to occupational noise (Group A and ) by the electro-acoustic impedance bridge (Madsen, ZO-72). White noise (WN), and pure tones of 1 and 4 kHz were selected as activating stimuli for AR, and ARTs for these stimuli (ART_WN, ART_1k, ART_4k) were determined respectively. The results were compared with the ARTs in the normal group (Group ) reported by the authors previously. Group A consisted of 31 male workers exposed mainly to steady noise, and Group included 65 male workers exposed maily to impulsive noise. Group consisted of 50 males and 50 females, who had normal hearing acuity without any history of occupational noise exposure (Fig. 12). Mean age was 37.2 years in Group A, 49. in Group . Mean period of noise exposure was 13. years in Group A, 26.1 in Group . In both groups, the hearing loss was observed in the higher frequency region at 4 and/or kHz, while normal hearing acuity was reserved at 1 kHz (Fig. and 4). Because of no significant difference between Group A and in each of the mean ARTs (Table ), Groups A and were summarized as the exposed group to noise. ARTs for three different stimuli (ART_WN, ART_1k, ART_4k) in the exposed group showed significant differences compared to those in the non-exposed group (Group ); i.. mean ART_WN was 92.0 dB SPL in the exposed group and . in Group , mean ART_1k was 93. dB SPL in the exposed group and 96.2 in the non-exposed, mean ART_4k was 102.1 dB SPL in the former and 97. in the latter group (Table ). There was a significant negative correlation between the hearing level at 4 kHz (HL_4k) and the value of [ART_4k-HL_4k] (Fig. 14). The difference between ART_1k and ART_WN, [ART_1k-ART_WN], was significantly reduced in the exposed group; i.. 1. dB in the exposed group and 12.4 in Group (Table ). For the purpose of our study, the exposed group was re-classified into another two groups according to their HLs at 4 and kHz; i.. Group (HL(4k+

8

k)/2<25 dB) and Group (HL(4k+

8

k)/2>__=25 dB). The mean values of ARTs and HLs in Groups , and , which are summarized in Table 7, show two interesting points. First, the significant elevation of ART_WN is observed not only in Group but also in Group with normal hearing acuity. Second. the lowering of ART_1k is observed in Group only. These results indicate that the elevation o ART_WN probably depends upon the exposure history to occupational noise but not upon the hearing loss, and that lowering of ART_1k may be caused by the hearing loss of the subjects in the higher frequency region. These estimations may be supported by the fact that [ART_1k-ART_WN] was .7 dB in group and 0. dB in Group (Table ). Since damages of outher hair cells (OHC) in the Corti's organ do not always lead to hearing loss, it is conceivable that the reduction of [ART_1k-ART_WN] is the results of the widening of the critical band width for AR due largely to the damage of OHC caused by the occupational noise exposure. Under this conception, the value of [ART_1k-ART_WN] may be used as a sensitive and objectibe indicator for detecting and evaluating the early stages of noise-induced hearing impairment and individual susceptibility to noise.

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わが国における主要中晩生および香酸カンキツ染色体のクロモマイシン (CMA) 染色を行った. 染色体はCMA(+) バンドの有無および位置から種類に区分できた. すなわち, CMA(+) をA: 両端および動原体近傍に有する, : 一方の端部と動原体近傍に有する, : 両端に有する, : 一方の端部に有する, : CMA(+) がない, である. 各種はこれらのうち4, 種類の染色体を有し, 独自のCMAバンドパターンを示した. ハッサクでは1A+1++, ヒュウガナツでは2A+2++, ‘川野なつだいだい’では1A+2+7+, ‘宮内伊予柑’では1A+1+1++7, タンカン‘垂水1号’では1A+1+1++7, カボスでは+2++, スダチでは1+2++およびユズ‘山根’では2+1+11+4であった. 以上の結果, 本研究においても近縁の種間では似通ったCMAバンドパターンが観察された.

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Two new partially saturated tricyclic ring systems, , a, 7, , , 10, 10a, 11-octahydro-11-oxodibenz [, ] oxepins (a and ), and -thiepins (4a and 4) were synthesized. Compounds 4a and 4 were desulfurized to give a pair of isomeric 2-methylbenzoylcyclohexanes (10a and 10). Deuterated 4a and 4 (11a and 11) were prepared starting from butadiene- (12). The stereochemical features of a (trans), (cis), 4a (trans) and 4 (cis) are compared with those of 10a, 10, 11a and 11 on the basis of proton nuclear magnetic resonance data.

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