The ability of Climacodon septentrionalis to immobilize and kill a mycophagous nematode (Aphelenchoides sp.) in vitro is described for the first time. Two isolates produced droplets (20–45 μm in diameter) that formed at the apices of tall, stalked, and branching secretory cells (700–

,500 μm tall). On 2% modified malt extract agar, nematodes became enveloped in the droplets, which restricted their ability to move and resulted in complete immobilization and death within several hours of contact. The rate of decomposition of the nematodes varied considerably, with most individuals persisting for weeks whereas others were degraded within several days and appeared to be colonized by dense hyphal growth. This study provides the first documentation of a non-agaricoid fungus producing secretory cells that are able to immobilize nematodes.

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We screened the differentiation-inducing activities of 39 mushroom extracts from Akita prefecture, Japan, on the mouse osteoblastic cell line, MC3T3-. Sixteen phosphate buffered saline (PBS), 8 boiled PBS, 14 ethanol and 12 methanol extracts induced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, an indicator of MC3T3- cell differentiation. The enzyme activities were markedly induced by extracts of Tricholoma auratum, and we isolated the active compound from methanol extracts of this mushroom. Physical data for the isolated active compound were identical to those for (,24R)-ergosta-,-diene-3β,,-triol (). induced ALP activities of MC3T3- cells and promoted cell proliferation. To investigate the relationships between the chemical structure and differentiation-inducing activity of the compound, ALP-inducing activities of MC3T3- cells by , ergosterol (2), ergocalciferol (3), cholesta-3β,,-triol (4), -dehydrocholesterol () and cholecalciferol () were tested. The enzyme activities of MC3T3- cells were increased 3.0-fold by 10 μM and 2.4-fold by 10 μM 4. However, 2, 3, and did not induce MC3T3- cell ALP activity at 0.—10 μM. These results suggested that the OH groups at C- and/or C- of and 4 played an important role in their differentiation-inducing activities on MC3T3- cells. Furthermore, suppressed induction of MC3T3- cell apoptosis by serum starvation.

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The gamma-ray spectrum and the conversion-electron spectrum are measured in the decay of the ^116mIn activity. Directional correlations are also measured for 818–1293 and 1097–1293 keV cascades. The M-2 mixing ratio δ, and the 0-2 mixing ratio μ_k are obtained for 818. keV +→2₁⁺ transition to be δ=−+0.26, and μ_k≤.×10⁻⁴ respectively. The 2 branching ratio (2; +→0_g⁺): (2; +→2₁⁺): (2; +→0₁⁺) is determined to be 0.0158:.0:.86.

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The gamma-ray spectrum and the conversion-electron spectrum are measured in the decay of the Tb¹⁵² activity. The L-subshell electron lines of the 586. keV +→2₁⁺ transition are separated by the ion-free beta-ray spectrometer. The M-2 mixing ratio, δ², and the dimensionless ratio X of 0-2 mixing of the 586. keV transition are obtained to be δ²≤0.16 and 0.034≤X≤0.038, respectively. The 2 branching ratio (2; +→0_g⁺): (2; +→2₁⁺): (2; +→0₁⁺) is determined to be 0.023 : .0 : ..

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The possibility of attenuation of microseismic waves due to the presence of an upward folding of the ocean bottom into the liquid is discussed in this paper. The upward folding of the ocean bottom has been idealized by means of an irregularity in the form of a rectangle intruding into the liquid and the evaluation of the displacement component at any point of the solid medium has been carried out in two stages. First, the change in the incident mode of the surface wave due to the presence of the rectangular irregularity has been determined, and second, the subsequent change of the resulting displacement components due to the termination of the liquid layer and the step change in elevation of the solid medium at the continental margin has been discovered. Finally, numerical calculation has been made to determine the attenuation of the microseismic waves of different periods due to the presence of the rectangular irregularity at the ocean bottom.

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We observed transients during the isotopic analysis of carbon dioxide, which could not be attributed to mixing processes because of their asymmetry, and to explain these we were led to consider the effects of diffusion on gas flow in the sample line. In particular, we investigated the propagation by diffusion of a concentration anomaly against a steady gas flow. If fractionation of isotopic(or chemical)species at the leak is to cause a change with time of the composition of the gas in the sample reservoir, then the effects of the fractionation must diffuse backwards as far as the gas reservoir.Using a one-dimensional Green's function, we obtained explicit analytical functions for the steady state concentration variation along a connecting tube between the leak and the reservoir, and for the composition variations with time at the leak. It is shown that the isotopic composition in the sample reservoir need not vary with time, even with a fractionating leak, provided that bulk gas velocity in the connecting tube is large enough. It is also shown that the diffusion process in combination with a fractionating leak can lead to the type of transients we observed.

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Six full-length cDNAs encoding pig cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, CYPA, CYP2A19, CYP2, CYP2C33v4, CYP2C49, and CYP2, were isolated and sequenced. The cDNA sequences of pig CYPA, CYP2A19, CYP2, CYP2C49, and CYP2 showed high similarity to human (85.4%), CYP2A13 (88.%), (.%), CYP2C18 (85.3%), and (82.%), respectively, and pig CYP2C33v4 cDNA showed high similarity to rat CYP2C23 (79.2%). Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays revealed hepatic gene expression of all these pig CYP enzymes: the order of expression was CYP2C33v4 and > CYP2C49 > and CYP2A19 > . In the kidney, the CYP2C33v4 gene was expressed at the same level as in the liver, but the , CYP2A19, and genes were expressed at lower levels than in the liver. Little renal gene expression of CYP2C49 and CYP2 was observed. We revealed for the first time the full-length cDNA sequences encoding pig CYPA and five CYP enzymes belonging to the CYP2 gene family, thus making it possible to examine the gene expression levels of these CYP enzymes in pig tissues by RT-PCR.

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The phase diagrams of the Ni-Mo- and Ni-W- ternary systems in the region of less than 50mol% were constructed by thermodynamic calculation, based on the data obtained by thermodynamic measurement of the related materials. We found three ternary eutectic points and three or two ternary peritecto-eutectic points as follows:
:L (1365K, 71.mol%Ni-.0mol%Mo-.mol%)=(Ni)++
:L (1355K, 62.mol%Ni-2.mol%Mo-30.mol%)=++
:L (1445K, 42.0mol%Ni-30.mol%Mo-10.3mol%)=(Ni)+NiMo+
:L (1812K, 34.9mol%Ni-42.3mol%Mo-.8mol%)+MoB=+
P₂:L (1633K, 42.3mol%Ni-40.4mol%Mo-17.3mol%)+Mo=+
P₃:L (1812K, 53.mol%Ni-33.mol%Mo-12.8mol%)+Mo=NiMo+
:L (1622K, 51.0mol%Ni-31.mol%W-17.4mol%)=(Ni)+W+
:L (1260K, 71.0mol%Ni-.0mol%W-.0mol%)=(Ni)++
:L (1291K, 65.4mol%Ni-4.8mol%W-29.8mol%)=++
:L (2115K, 23.8mol%Ni-43.mol%W-33.mol%)+WB=+
P₂:L (1657K, 48.9mol%Ni-33.mol%W-18.0mol%)+=W+
The calculated phase diagrams are expected to be useful for the development of new Ni-based heat-, corrosion- or wear-resistance alloys.

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Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of 2 multivitamin preparations including _, _, _<12> and/or were studied in human male volunteers. The same dosage of 100 mg thiamine tetrahydrofurfuryl disulfide (_) was included in both preparations. However, one preparation (Alinamin EX^<(R)>) included high amounts of 100 mg pyridoxine hydrochloride (_), 1500 μg hydroxocobalamin (_<12>) and 100 mg d, l-α-tocopherol succinate (). The other (Alinamin A50^<(R)>) included 10 mg riboflavin (_2), 10 mg pyridoxine hydrochloride (_), 20 μg cyanocobalamin (_<12>). the results were as follows : ) _ : No difference was observed between AUC of both preparations. T_<max> tended faster in Alinamin EX^<(R)>. 2) _ : AUC by administration of Alinamin EX^<(R)> was 9 times larger than in Alinamin A50^<(R)>. 3) _<12> : AUC by administration of Alinamin EX^<(R)> was 4 times larger than in Alinamin A50^<(R)>. 4) : A significant increase in plasma was observed by administration of Alinamin EX^<(R)>. AUC represents the area under curve obtained from the blood drug concentration of the time course.

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型慢性肝疾患25例,非型肝疾患例を対象とし肝組織中の型肝炎ウイルスc,, pre-S/S2, x抗原ポリペプタイドをimmunoblot法にて検索した.c, 抗原性を有するペプタイドはkd, 19kd, 15kdの部位に検出された.c/ペプタイドは血中抗原陽性12例中11例,抗原抗体陰性例中2例,抗体陽性例中0例に検出された.Pre-S/S2抗原ペプタイドはそれぞれ42, 39kd/36, 33kdの部位に検出された.Pre-S, S2抗原ペプタイドは抗原陽性12例中それぞれ10例及び12例,抗原・抗体陰性例中例及び3例,抗体陽性例中2例及び例において検出された.血中抗原陽性例ではc, , pre-S/S2ペプタイドの合成が行なわれ完全なウイルス粒子が生成されると考えられる.一方,抗体陽性例の多くではpre-S/S2ペプタイドは合成されているもののc, 抗原ペプタイドは合成されず完全なウイルス粒子は生成されえないと考えられた.

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Three objects are A, and C. The ship's positon is P. This is the instrument by which the ship's course will be recorded on the chart, if one on board is moving index mirror so that image A may be on through telescope on sextant and the other is moving another sextant so that image C may be on A. Figure shows the principle of this instrument except sextant, where D is the point which ^2=AC・. Take Q and such that ^2=AP・AQ, =AE. then follows ∠ABQ=∠APB, ∠ADQ=∠APC. Fig.2 shows the outline of this instrument put on paper except sextant. Fig.3, 4, , are in detail of fig.2. Fig. shows the sextant with synchromotor, (12) shows the cover of syncromotor. Fig.8, 9 shows the part of instrument which must be reformed next time.

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2-Benzyl-4-chloro--mercapto-3 (2H)-pyridazinone () was heated in ethanol under reflux for 10 hours to form concurrently 2, -dibenzyldipyridazo [4, - : 4', '-]-, 4-dithiin-, (2H, H)-dione (Ia) (57% in yield) and 2, 8-dibenzyldipyridazo [4, - : 4', '-]-, 4-dithiin-, 9 (2H, 8H)-dione (IIa) (14% in yield). Assignment of the two products to the corresponding structures is established by their physico-chemical constants and chemical behaviors. The concurrent formation of the dipyridazo [4, - : 4', '-]-, 4-dithiin-, (2H, H)-dione and the -, 9 (2H, 8H)-dione were observed in, not only heating 4-chloro--mercapto-3 (2H)-pyridazinones (-3) in polar solvent, but warming 4-mercapto--chloro-3 (2H)-pyridazinones (4-) in the presence of potassium carbonate in DMF. For the interpretation of the reaction, keto-thioketo carbenes as active intermediate species and a reversible interconversion among them are suggested on the basis of the fact that there was nonexistence of an equilibrium between the two compounds, such as Ia and IIa, under the reaction condition and a trapping keto-thioketo carbene species as 2-phenylimino--benzylpyridazo [4, -d]-, 3-dithiol-4 (H)-one (IVa) (14% in yield) along with the major products, (Ia) and (IIa), was furnished by warming with phenylisothiocyanate in the presence of triethylamine in dry benzene. On the contrary, participation of a reversible interconversion between Ia and IIa, to a considerable extent, with the concurrent formation of them in the case of benzylation of either Ib or IIb, by warming with benzylchloride in the presence of potassium carbonate in DMF at 80°, might not be neglected, because an attempted approach to an equilibrium between Ia and IIa in a similar reaction condition except the use of benzylchloride realized, whereas non-existence of an equilibrium between Ib and IIb in the similar reaction condition was observed.

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The effect of composition and controlled thermomechanical process parameters on the mechanical properties of HSLA steels is modelled using the Widrow-Hoff's concept of training a neural net with feed-forward topology by applying Rumelhart's back propagation type algorithm for supervised learning, using a Petri like net structure. The data used are from laboratory experiments as well as from the published literature. The results from the neural network are found to be consistent and in good agreement with the experimented results.

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