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  • 黒川 美貴雄, 吉田 耕治, 永井 保嵩, 宇野 準
    Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin
    1983年 31 巻 12 号 4312-4318
    発行日: 1983/12/25
    公開日: 2008/03/31
    ジャーナル フリー
    Two new partially saturated tricyclic ring systems,
    6
    ,
    6
    a,
    7
    ,
    8
    ,
    9
    , 10, 10a, 11-octahydro-11-oxodibenz [
    b
    ,
    e
    ] oxepins (
    3
    a and
    3
    b
    ), and -thiepins (4a and 4
    b
    ) were synthesized. Compounds 4a and 4
    b
    were desulfurized to give a pair of isomeric 2-methylbenzoylcyclohexanes (10a and 10
    b
    ). Deuterated 4a and 4
    b
    (11a and 11
    b
    ) were prepared starting from butadiene-
    d6
    (12). The stereochemical features of
    3
    a (trans),
    3
    b
    (cis), 4a (trans) and 4
    b
    (cis) are compared with those of 10a, 10
    b
    , 11a and 11
    b
    on the basis of proton nuclear magnetic resonance data.
  • Grover Loening
    日本航空学会誌
    1963年 11 巻 119 号 373-380
    発行日: 1963年
    公開日: 2009/05/25
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 黒川 美貴雄, 糸川 彰, 松本 純一, 福本 吉久, 月原 冨武
    Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin
    1992年 40 巻 9 号 2270-2274
    発行日: 1992/09/25
    公開日: 2008/03/31
    ジャーナル フリー
    11-Amino-
    6
    ,
    6
    a,
    7
    ,
    8
    ,
    9
    , 10, 10a, 11-octahydrodibebenzo[
    b
    ,
    e
    ]thiepines (
    6
    a-d) and -oxepines (
    7
    a-d) were synthesized by the Leuckart reaction of
    6
    ,
    6
    a,
    7
    ,
    8
    ,
    9
    , 10, 10a, 11-octahydro-11-oxodibenzo[
    b
    ,
    e
    ]thiepines (1a,
    b
    )and -oxepines (2a,
    b
    ) followed by hydrolysis of the reaction products 4a-d and 5a-d, respectively. The four diastereomers, cis(
    6
    a-H, 10a-H)-cis(10a-H, 11-H)
    6
    a and
    7
    a, cis(
    6
    a-H, 10a-H)-trans(10a-H, 11-H)
    6
    b
    and
    7
    b
    , trans(
    6
    a-H, 10a-H)-trans(10a-H, 11a-H)
    6
    c and
    7
    c, and trans(
    6
    a-H, 10a-H)-cis(10a-H, 11-H)
    6
    d and
    7
    d, were isolated and their configurations and conformations were elucidated by chemical methods together with 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic analyses.
  • Philippe Biane
    Publications of the Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences
    1995年 31 巻 1 号 63-79
    発行日: 1995年
    公開日: 2009/04/24
    ジャーナル フリー
  • NACE Technical Unit Committee T-
    6
    B
    , T-
    6
    B
    -
    3
    , 松見 信, 松永 孝雄
    防蝕技術
    1967年 16 巻 10 号 426-431
    発行日: 1967/10/15
    公開日: 2009/11/25
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 汪 発武, 佐々 恭二, 福岡 浩
    地盤工学会論文報告集
    2000年 40 巻 1 号 35-46
    発行日: 2000/02/15
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    By employing an undrained cyclic loading ring-shear apparatus, a series of tests to reproduce the dynamic behavior of the Nikawa landslide induced by the January 17, 1995 Hyogoken-Nambu earthquake, is conducted. The test sample is Osaka-group coarse sandy soil taken from the landslide. The initial stress condition acting on a soil element in the sliding surface is applied to the sample. Based on the seismic records monitored at the JR Takarazuka Station, the input seismic wave is synthesized to reproduce the seismic stress acting on the sliding surface. The test results show that the soil failed due to the dynamic loading of the earthquake. The most important results are the excess pore water pressure generation and the acceleration of shear displacement continuing after the main shock. Combined with the grain crushing at the shear zone and the volume reduction in the drained constant-speed ring-shear test, the mechanism of this landslide is interpreted as, shear displacement causing grain crushing in the shear zone and volume reduction, and then resulting in a localized liquefaction phenomenon, "sliding-surface liquefaction". This geotechnical simulation test provides a reasonable interpretation of this highly mobile landslide.
  • 鹿野 美弘, 櫻井 徹朗, 小松 健一, 山田 浩之, 斉藤 謙一
    Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin
    1990年 38 巻 4 号 1082-1083
    発行日: 1990/04/25
    公開日: 2008/03/31
    ジャーナル フリー
    Two new polyacetylene compounds (4
    E
    ,
    6
    E
    , 12
    E
    )-1-acetoxy-
    3
    -isovaleryloxytetradeca-4,
    6
    , 12-trien-
    8
    , 10-diyn-14-ol (
    B
    ), and (4
    E
    ,
    6
    E
    , 12
    E
    )-1-acetoxy-
    3
    -(2-methylbutyryloxy)tetradeca-4,
    6
    , 12-trien-
    8
    , 10-diyn-14-ol (C) have been isolated along with (4
    E
    ,
    6
    E
    , 12
    E
    )-1-acetoxy-
    3
    -senecioyloxytetradeca-4,
    6
    , 12-trien-
    8
    , 10-diyn-14-ol (A) from Atractylodes Rhizome (Karabyakujutu). The structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of their spectral data.
  • CONSTANTINE A. STAMATOPOULOS, ELENI G. VELGAKI, SARADA K. SARMA
    地盤工学会論文報告集
    2000年 40 巻 6 号 61-75
    発行日: 2000/12/15
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The objective of this article is to propose and evaluate a sliding-block model to deal with very large displacements of slopes when a horizontal earthquake is applied. The slip surface consists of two inclinations on which full shear resistance is mobilized. Internal shearing exists along a sub-plane that intersects the angle between the two sub-planes that form the external slip surface. The ratio of the distance moved along the two external sub-planes depends on the inclination of the internal sub-plane. If there is a water table line, undrained conditions are assumed during motion and total stress analysis is performed. The governing equations of motion are formulated, analytical solutions are obtained for some cases, and back-analysis of four well-documented slides is performed.
  • HOE I. LING, DOV LESHCHINSKY
    土質工学会論文報告集
    1995年 35 巻 2 号 85-94
    発行日: 1995/06/15
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper is concerned with an extension of a rotational limit equilibrium method for determining the permanent displacements of slopes under seismic excitation. In the proposed procedure, the sliding mass is treated as a rigid rotating body defined by a log spiral trace. Permanent displacements are obtained by double-integration of the equation of motion in a manner similar to Newmark's translational sliding block method. The seismic slope stability analysis is based on the rotational (variational) limit equilibrium approach. This stability analysis was verified with dynamic experimental results obtained from centrifuge model testing. A series of parametric studies was conducted on"unstable"slopes, investigating the effects of soil properties and characteristics of excitation on the magnitude of permanent displacements. The higher the frictional angle, the smaller the permanent displacement of the slope is. Low excitation frequency yields larger slope displacement if the excitation is extended for the same time period of time. The effect of frequency becomes less distinct when a larger value of yield seismic coefficient is used. The proposed procedures produce a rational criterion to evaluate the seismic performance of simple slopes. This criterion is based on permanent displacement limit rather than factor of safety alone.
  • JAN FAJKOS, Jiri Joska, Frantisek Sorm
    International Symposium on the Chemistry of Natural Products
    1964年 1964 巻 E-10-3
    発行日: 1964/04/12
    公開日: 2017/08/18
    会議録・要旨集 フリー
  • Suguru TAKATSUTO, Kiyomi KOBAYASHI, Tsuyoshi WATANABE, Hiroki KURIYAMA, Tokuo FURUSE
    Agricultural and Biological Chemistry
    1988年 52 巻 12 号 3217-3218
    発行日: 1988年
    公開日: 2006/04/05
    ジャーナル フリー
  • M. L. GHOSH
    Journal of Physics of the Earth
    1972年 20 巻 2 号 165-186
    発行日: 1972年
    公開日: 2009/04/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    The possibility of attenuation of microseismic waves due to the presence of an upward folding of the ocean bottom into the liquid is discussed in this paper. The upward folding of the ocean bottom has been idealized by means of an irregularity in the form of a rectangle intruding into the liquid and the evaluation of the displacement component at any point of the solid medium has been carried out in two stages. First, the change in the incident mode of the surface wave due to the presence of the rectangular irregularity has been determined, and second, the subsequent change of the resulting displacement components due to the termination of the liquid layer and the step change in elevation of the solid medium at the continental margin has been discovered. Finally, numerical calculation has been made to determine the attenuation of the microseismic waves of different periods due to the presence of the rectangular irregularity at the ocean bottom.
  • CHING-CHUAN HUANG
    SOILS AND FOUNDATIONS
    2009年 49 巻 2 号 249-258
    発行日: 2009年
    公開日: 2011/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    The correction factor (ηie) for the ultimate bearing capacity of a footing placed adjacent to a slope, taking into account the combined effect of horizontal and vertical seismic loads, represented by horizontal and vertical seismic coefficients, kh and kv, respectively, was derived using a modified Janbu's slice method. The influence of slope angles ‘α’ on the values of ‘ηie’ are studied here. It was found that the values of ηie can be expressed as an exponential function of ‘kh/(1-kv)’ and ‘α’, with a measurable interdependency between ‘α’ and ‘ηie’. The influence of ‘α’ on the value of ‘ηie’ increases as the input value of ‘kh/(1-kv)’ increases. Equations derived based on the analytical results are proposed to account for this effect. Based on the analyses of 11 near-fault seismographers obtained in the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake in Taiwan, a ratio between the vertical and the horizontal seismic coefficients, λ, of between ±0.25 is suggested for including the combined effect of vertical and horizontal seismic forces in evaluating the seismic bearing capacity of footings located in near-fault areas.
  • CHING-CHUAN HUANG, WEN-WEI KANG
    SOILS AND FOUNDATIONS
    2008年 48 巻 5 号 641-651
    発行日: 2008年
    公開日: 2011/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    At present, analytical or empirical formula for seismic bearing capacity of footings adjacent to slopes is not available. This study uses a pseudo-static-based approach in conjunction with rigorous Janbu's slice method to derive analytical values of seismic bearing capacity factors (Nγ) and correction factors for the effects of inertia of soil mass and load inclinations for a rigid footing adjacent to cohesionless slopes. It is shown that both the bearing capacity factors (Nγ) and the correction factors for the seismic bearing capacity of footings placed on level ground derived herein are comparable with those reported in the literature. Empirical equations regarding the effects of slope angles and load inclinations, expressed using generalized forms of those proposed in the literature, are also derived. It is also found that the empirical equations derived in the present study provide values of correction factors in good agreements with the analytical ones, indicating the validity of using these empirical equations for assessing the bearing capacity of rigid footings situated on the slope subjected to pseudo-static seismic loading.
  • 澁谷 啓, 三田地 利之, 黄 聖春
    地盤工学会論文報告集
    2000年 40 巻 3 号 87-100
    発行日: 2000/06/15
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    Natural sedimentary clays exhibit ageing effects on their behaviour when subjected to both consolidation and shearing. Attempts to characterising the in-situ 'structure'of soft marine clays have been made in case studies performed in Ariake (Japan) and in Bangkok (Thailand), each showing a typical profile of aged clay-structure with depth reflecting its site-specific geological consolidation history. In each site, profiles of Atterberg limits, natural water content, overconsolidation ratio (OCR), quasi-elastic shear modulus Gmax and the undrained shear strength cu with depth were attained from various laboratory tests, together with the a comparable profile of quasi-elastic shear modulus from insitu seismic survey Gf. Quantitative assessment of the aged clay-structure was made by using two different measures, metastability index MI (G) and the soil constant reflecting structure S (Jamiolkowski et al., 1994). The profiles of MI (G) and the S-value with depth were both determined based on the corresponding Gmax behaviour of the reconstituted sample. "Disturbance"of laboratory samples retrieved by using two different samplers (i.
    e
    ., Laval and Japanese thin-walled samplers) with two different sampling techniques (i.
    e
    ., pre-boring and displacement methods) was discussed. A new approach to estimate cu"in the ground", termed by the authors the MILK (Metastability Index coupled with Laboratory Ko test) method, is proposed. A trial of the MILK-method is demonstrated in soft Bangkok clay, the texture of which is similar to "soft cheese".
  • W. TANG, G. MESRI, I. HALIM
    土質工学会論文報告集
    1992年 32 巻 4 号 107-116
    発行日: 1992/12/15
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    A method for analyzing the uncertainties involving the use of empirical relationships in design is developed. It is applied to evaluate the reliability of the relationship su(mobilized)=
    0.22σ'p
    (measured), whereby the pertinent uncertainties are analyzed using extensive laboratory and field observed data. On the average, the relationship su(mobilized)=
    0.22σ'p
    (measured) is unbiased and the error implicit in the relationship is about 15%. When cone values are used to infer s'p, additional uncertainties on the mobilized undrained strength will incur resulting mainly from the calibration uncertainty between σ'p and the cone values. Alternatively, vane tests may be performed to infer the mobilized strength using Bjerrum correction factor. Results show that uncertainty level associated with using the vane tests is smaller than that using the cone values, provided that similar scatter is observed between measured vane and cone values at a given site. However, prediction of the mobilized strength is even more accurate if direct measurements can be made on the preconsolidation pressure. The proposed probabilistic method also assesses the benefit of additional tests besides comparing the accuracy of using various soil parameters for predicting mobilized undrained strength. Such information is essential for planning cost-effective site characterization program.
  • Mohd Suhail, Mohd Faizul Suhail, Hina Khan
    Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition
    2008年 43 巻 3 号 210-220
    発行日: 2008年
    公開日: 2008/10/31
    ジャーナル フリー
    We compared three groups of pregnant women: placebo with normotensive women, group A which included preeclamptics, and group
    B
    which comprised preeclamptics who were supplemented their diets with vitamins C and
    E
    . MDA increased from
    6
    .
    22
     ± 2.
    8
    (placebo) to
    8
    .48 ± 1.2 (A) and
    8
    .02 ± 1.
    8
     nmol/gHb (
    B
    ). NO concentrations were enhanced from 19.
    3
     ± 4.2 (P) to 23.
    8
     ± 
    6
    .4 (A) and 24.1 ± 5.4 μmol/L (
    B
    ). GSH contents were decreased from 10.42 ± 2.
    81
    (P) to
    8
    .02 ± 2.92 (A) and
    9
    .39 ± 1.02 μmol/g Hb (
    B
    ), whereas GSSG concentrations increased from 0.98 ± 0.28 (P) to 1.24 ± 0.29 (A) and 1.08 ± 0.12 μmol/g Hb (
    B
    ). SOD activity decreased 23% in A and 14% in
    B
    ; GRx decreased 27% in A and 5.5% in
    B
    ; GPx decreased 12% in A and
    9
    .
    6
    % in
    B
    . Catalase activity, however, increased 27% in A and 29% in
    B
    as compared to control. Thus, we conclude that the use of vitamins C and
    E
    should be considered for the control of certain important biochemical indices during the development of preeclampsia; however, further studies are needed to develop methods for the prevention of preeclampsia in women at high risk.
  • OSAMU MATSUO
    地盤工学会論文報告集
    1996年 36 巻 Special 号 235-240
    発行日: 1996年
    公開日: 2012/08/13
    ジャーナル フリー
    Among the rivers damaged by the earthquake, two most severely damaged along the Yodo-gawa River are described. In the left levee, the settlement exceeded 2 m for a length of 1.4 km, with a maximum settlement of
    3
    m. Sand boils were observed extensively on the ground surface near the damaged dikes. Holocene sandy soil with an SPT N-value of 10 or less existed in the upper part of the subsoil profile. These facts indicate that liquefaction of the soil was the major cause of the embankment damage. The cyclic stress ratio required to cause liquefaction was 0.30 as determined from cyclic triaxial tests on undisturbed samples.
  • Daria Kurguzova, Svetlana Serebrova, Alexey Prokofiev, Ludmila Krasnykh, Galina Vasilenko, Marina Zhuravleva, Elena Smolyarchuk, Anton Barkov
    日本薬理学会年会要旨集
    2018年 WCP2018 巻 WCP2018_PO3-5-27
    発行日: 2018年
    公開日: 2020/09/10
    会議録・要旨集 オープンアクセス

    Background

    The differences in conditions of enteric-coated acid-labile drug release and absorption between healthy subjects in bioequivalence studies and gastrointestinal patients in clinical practice can lead to significant differences in gastric stability of original PPIs and generics. Thus, pathologic duodenogastric reflux (PDGR) and the pH increasing within PPIs administration still remain unaccounted for.

    Methods

    Two-stage modified comparative dissolution testing of original omeprazole (OO) and four generics (G1;2;

    3
    ;4) was performed. At first, we moved drugs from solution with pH 1.2 (1.2±0.05) to pH
    7
    .0 (
    7
    .0±0.05) and measure concentration of omeprazole in solution by high-performance liquid chromatography. According to our self-developed formula, pH
    7
    exposure time of resistance to PDGR for omeprazole is 4 minutes, i.
    e
    . the active substance should not be released within 4 minutes at pH
    7
    . The exposure at the second stage was conducted with pH 4 (4.0±0.05), that imitated gastric pH after PPI administration. And then we also moved drugs to pH
    7
    with the subsequent measurement of omeprazole concentration.

    Results

    Omeprazole concentrations after 4, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45, 60 minutes in pH

    7
    solution at the first stage were different for OO and generics. For OO, these values were 4,
    7
    ±0,
    7
    %; 41,4±
    3
    ,0%; 62,
    8
    ±4,0%; 79,5±2,
    9
    %; 83,5±2,
    9
    %;
    81
    ,
    6
    ±2,
    9
    %; 80,
    6
    ±4,4%; for Generic1 - 0; 49,
    3
    ±
    9
    ,
    9
    %;
    88
    ,
    8
    ±2,
    8
    %;
    90
    ,4±
    3
    ,
    7
    %;
    88
    , 2±2,2%; 87,
    3
    ±2,0%; 85,
    9
    ±1,1%; for Generic2 - 0; 30,
    6
    ±
    6
    ,
    3
    %; 66,
    7
    ±
    8
    ,2%; 76,4±
    7
    ,4%; 82,
    8
    ±5,
    3
    %; 86,0±
    3
    ,
    7
    %;
    84
    ,
    6
    ±
    3
    ,
    3
    %: for Generic
    3
    - 80,
    8
    ±
    3
    ,
    6
    %; 83,5±1,
    9
    %; 83,
    8
    ±
    3
    ,2%; 83,
    3
    ±2,
    7
    %;
    81
    ,
    9
    ±2,1%; 82,1±2,0%; 82,0±2,4%; for Generic4 - 82,5±1,
    7
    %;
    84
    ,4±0,
    8
    %;
    84
    ,2±1,2%; 82,
    9
    ±0,
    9
    %; 82,
    9
    ±0,
    9
    %; 82,
    9
    ±0,
    9
    %; 82,
    8
    ±1,1%, respectively.

    An analysis of the omeprazole concentration in pH

    7
    solution at the second stage revealed the following parameters after the same time: for OO - 4,4±0,
    6
    %; 40, 5±
    3
    ,0%; 62,
    8
    ±2,0%; 80,0±
    3
    ,1%; 85,4±2,
    9
    %; 82,
    8
    ±
    3
    ,4%; 80,
    9
    ±
    3
    ,5%; for Generic1 - 0; 67,0±
    7
    ,
    8
    %; 89,
    7
    ±2,
    3
    %; 91,
    9
    ±4,
    3
    %; 89,1±1,
    6
    %;
    88
    ,
    3
    ±1,4%; 87,
    8
    ±1,2%; for Generic2 - 0; 42,2±5,
    6
    %; 75,1±
    7
    ,
    3
    %;
    81
    ,0±
    6
    ,0%;
    88
    ,4±
    3
    ,2%;
    88
    ,
    6
    ±1,
    3
    %; 87,
    9
    ±1,0%; for Generic4 - 85,5±0,5%; 85,
    6
    ±0,5%;
    84
    ,
    7
    ±0,
    9
    %; 82,
    7
    ±
    3
    ,0%;
    84
    ,4±0,
    3
    %;
    84
    ,4±0,
    3
    %;
    84
    ,
    3
    ±0,4%, respectively. Generic
    3
    release and degradation were completely realized at pH 4.

    Conclusion

    Decreased gastric stability of Generic

    3
    and Generic4 makes PDGR and inhibited gastric acid secretion due to PPIs administration the potential causes of decreased enteric-coated acid-labile drugs stability.

  • Tariq F. Alghazzawi
    Journal of Prosthodontic Research
    2017年 61 巻 3 号 305-314
    発行日: 2017年
    公開日: 2017/09/12
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス

    Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if the optical properties of zirconia and glass–ceramic (

    e
    .max) were affected by low-temperature degradation (aging).

    Methods: Experiment samples were fabricated with seven zirconia brands (n=10): Zenostar, Zirlux, Katana, Bruxzir, DD-BioZX2, DD-cubeX2, NexxZr; and

    e
    .max were used as a control. This resulted in a total of 80 samples in the experiment. The L*, a* and
    b
    * were measured for each sample, and then the optical properties including translucency parameter (TP), contrast ratio (CR), and opalescence parameter (OP) were calculated. The samples were aged (20, 40, 60, 80, 100h), and the optical properties were calculated after each interval.

    Results: Most zirconia brands had lower L*, higher a*, higher

    b
    * with increased aging, which visually corresponds to darker, redder, and more yellow. Aging also increased CR, lowered TP, and lowered OP.
    e
    .max was also affected by aging but still had the highest TP (23.
    9
    ±2.
    8
    ), L* (
    81
    .
    7
    ±
    3
    .4), and lowest CR (0.41±0.05) compared to any zirconia. The Zenostar had the closest TP (24.1±0.4), and L* (
    90
    .2±0.5) values to
    e
    .max before aging. However, after 100h of aging, the DD-cubeX2 was least effected and had the highest TP (
    22
    .2±0.
    6
    ) and lowest CR (0.43±0.01) compared with other zirconia samples and highest OP (11.
    3
    ±0.2) of all ceramic samples.

    Conclusions: The optical properties of zirconia and

    e
    .max materials were affected by aging with the effects increasing with time. The magnitude of change was affected by seven brands of dental zirconia.

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