The possibility of attenuation of microseismic waves due to the presence of an upward folding of the ocean bottom into the liquid is discussed in this paper. The upward folding of the ocean bottom has been idealized by means of an irregularity in the form of a rectangle intruding into the liquid and the evaluation of the displacement component at any point of the solid medium has been carried out in two stages. First, the change in the incident mode of the surface wave due to the presence of the rectangular irregularity has been determined, and second, the subsequent change of the resulting displacement components due to the termination of the liquid layer and the step change in elevation of the solid medium at the continental margin has been discovered. Finally, numerical calculation has been made to determine the attenuation of the microseismic waves of different periods due to the presence of the rectangular irregularity at the ocean bottom.

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Two new partially saturated tricyclic ring systems, , a, , , , 10, 10a, 11-octahydro-11-oxodibenz [, ] oxepins (a and ), and -thiepins (4a and 4) were synthesized. Compounds 4a and 4 were desulfurized to give a pair of isomeric 2-methylbenzoylcyclohexanes (10a and 10). Deuterated 4a and 4 (11a and 11) were prepared starting from butadiene- (12). The stereochemical features of a (trans), (cis), 4a (trans) and 4 (cis) are compared with those of 10a, 10, 11a and 11 on the basis of proton nuclear magnetic resonance data.

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We compared three groups of pregnant women: placebo with normotensive women, group A which included preeclamptics, and group which comprised preeclamptics who were supplemented their diets with vitamins C and . MDA increased from . ± 2. (placebo) to .48 ± 1.2 (A) and .02 ± 1. nmol/gHb (). NO concentrations were enhanced from 19. ± 4.2 (P) to 23. ± .4 (A) and 24.1 ± 5.4 μmol/L (). GSH contents were decreased from 10.42 ± 2. (P) to .02 ± 2.92 (A) and .39 ± 1.02 μmol/g Hb (), whereas GSSG concentrations increased from .98 ± .28 (P) to 1.24 ± .29 (A) and 1.08 ± .12 μmol/g Hb (). SOD activity decreased 23% in A and 14% in ; GRx decreased 27% in A and 5.5% in ; GPx decreased 12% in A and .% in . Catalase activity, however, increased 27% in A and 29% in as compared to control. Thus, we conclude that the use of vitamins C and should be considered for the control of certain important biochemical indices during the development of preeclampsia; however, further studies are needed to develop methods for the prevention of preeclampsia in women at high risk.

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Ni-base amorphous alloys with the homogeneous dispersion of nanoscale fcc-Ni particles have been produced in the composition range of 5 to 14 at%Si and to 15%. The particle size and interparticle spacing are 10 and 20 nm, respectively. The alloys exhibit tensile fracture strength (σ_f), Young’s modulus () and hardness (H_v) which are higher than those of the corresponding amorphous single phase alloys, accompanying an increase in fracture elongation (ε_f). The highest values of σ_f, , H_v and ε_f in the mixed phase state of Ni–Si– alloys, i.., 3400 MPa, 130 GPa, 960 and 2.%, respectively, are found for . Addition of Cr increased σ_f and ε_f, their highest values being 3900 MPa and .%, respectively for ()

97Cr₃

. The increase in σ_f by the dispersion of the fcc-Ni particles is presumably because the fcc-Ni particles are higher in mechanical strength than the amorphous phase because of the absence of internal defects and can act as a barrier to suppress the shear deformation of the amorphous matrix. The increase in ε_f is due to the suppression of the inhomogeneous shear deformation. The effectiveness of Cr for the increase in σ_f and ε_f is presumably attributed to a further refinement of the fcc-Ni particle size due to the increase in glass-forming ability.

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A biosynthetic pathway for (

)-methyl cinnamate formation was evaluated in Tricholoma matsutake by tracer experiments using ¹³C- and ²H-labeled precursors. One hundred percent selective ¹³C incorporation was observed when L-[1,2,,4,5,,,,-

13C₉

, ^15/N]phenylalanine was converted to (

E

)-[1,2,

3

,4,5,

6

,

7

,

8

,

9

-

13C₉

]cinnamate and (

E

)-[1,2,

3

,4,5,

6

,

7

,

8

,

9

-

13C₉

]methyl cinnamate. Similarly, 100% selective ¹³C incorporation was observed when (

E

)-[1,2,

3

,4,5,

6

,

7

,

8

,

9

-

13C₉

]cinnamate was converted to (

E

)-[1,2,

3

,4,5,

6

,

7

,

8

,

9

-

13C₉

]methyl cinnamate. In contrast, the ²H incorporation selectivities were

82

.1% and

81

.4% when L-[2,

3

,4,5,

6

,

7

,

7

,

8

-

2H₈

]phenylalanine was converted to (

E

)-[2,

3

,4,5,

6

,

7

,

8

-

2H₇

]cinnamate and (

E

)-[2,

3

,4,5,

6

,

7

,

8

-

2H₇

]methyl cinnamate, respectively. Thus, T. matsutake synthesizes (

E

)-methyl cinnamate from L-phenylalanine via (

E

)-cinnamate. (

E

)-cinnamate was likely formed through two pathways: one was major and the other was a minor.

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Nアルキル,4:,10-ペリレンテトラカルボン酸モノアンヒドリド=モノイミド[4a～]と芳香族アミン(アニリン,p-トルイジン,p-アニシジン,,5-キシリジン,4-アミノナゾベンゼン,およびo-フェニレンジアミン)を縮合して非対称型,4:,10-ペリレンビス(ジカルボキシミド)誘導体-N-アルキル-N'-アリール-,4:,10-ペリレンビス(ジカルボキシミド)(〔5a～〕,〔a～〕,〔a～〕,〔a～〕,〔a～〕,および〔10a～〕)を合成した. これらの各誘導体はすべて赤色系の色相を示し, 顔料試験の結果N-ブチル-N'-アリール-,4:,10-ペリレンビス(ジカルボキシミド)(たとえば〔5〕や〔〕)がとくにすぐれた耐光性を示した.

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The correction factor (η_ie) for the ultimate bearing capacity of a footing placed adjacent to a slope, taking into account the combined effect of horizontal and vertical seismic loads, represented by horizontal and vertical seismic coefficients, k_h and k_v, respectively, was derived using a modified Janbu's slice method. The influence of slope angles ‘α’ on the values of ‘η_ie’ are studied here. It was found that the values of η_ie can be expressed as an exponential function of ‘k_h/(1-k_v)’ and ‘α’, with a measurable interdependency between ‘α’ and ‘η_ie’. The influence of ‘α’ on the value of ‘η_ie’ increases as the input value of ‘k_h/(1-k_v)’ increases. Equations derived based on the analytical results are proposed to account for this effect. Based on the analyses of 11 near-fault seismographers obtained in the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake in Taiwan, a ratio between the vertical and the horizontal seismic coefficients, λ, of between ±.25 is suggested for including the combined effect of vertical and horizontal seismic forces in evaluating the seismic bearing capacity of footings located in near-fault areas.

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At present, analytical or empirical formula for seismic bearing capacity of footings adjacent to slopes is not available. This study uses a pseudo-static-based approach in conjunction with rigorous Janbu's slice method to derive analytical values of seismic bearing capacity factors (N_γ) and correction factors for the effects of inertia of soil mass and load inclinations for a rigid footing adjacent to cohesionless slopes. It is shown that both the bearing capacity factors (N_γ) and the correction factors for the seismic bearing capacity of footings placed on level ground derived herein are comparable with those reported in the literature. Empirical equations regarding the effects of slope angles and load inclinations, expressed using generalized forms of those proposed in the literature, are also derived. It is also found that the empirical equations derived in the present study provide values of correction factors in good agreements with the analytical ones, indicating the validity of using these empirical equations for assessing the bearing capacity of rigid footings situated on the slope subjected to pseudo-static seismic loading.

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11-Amino-, a, , , , 10, 10a, 11-octahydrodibebenzo[, ]thiepines (a-d) and -oxepines (a-d) were synthesized by the Leuckart reaction of , a, , , , 10, 10a, 11-octahydro-11-oxodibenzo[, ]thiepines (1a, )and -oxepines (2a, ) followed by hydrolysis of the reaction products 4a-d and 5a-d, respectively. The four diastereomers, cis(a-H, 10a-H)-cis(10a-H, 11-H) a and a, cis(a-H, 10a-H)-trans(10a-H, 11-H) and , trans(a-H, 10a-H)-trans(10a-H, 11a-H)c and c, and trans(a-H, 10a-H)-cis(10a-H, 11-H) d and d, were isolated and their configurations and conformations were elucidated by chemical methods together with ¹H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic analyses.

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One method currently being considered for the disposal of high level radio-active waste is burial in the seabed. When a hot object is buried in soil, the temperature of the soil adjacent to the object is raised and there is transient heat flow away from the object. The rise in the temperature of the soil causes excess pore pressures to be generated and transient pore water diffusion also takes place. A finite element formulation of the coupled heat flow and consolidation problem is presented. The computer implementation of this formulation is found to compare favourably with analytical solutions based on the same physical principles.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if the optical properties of zirconia and glass–ceramic (

.max) were affected by low-temperature degradation (aging).

Methods: Experiment samples were fabricated with seven zirconia brands (n=10): Zenostar, Zirlux, Katana, Bruxzir, DD-BioZX², DD-cubeX², NexxZr; and

.max were used as a control. This resulted in a total of 80 samples in the experiment. The L*, a* and * were measured for each sample, and then the optical properties including translucency parameter (TP), contrast ratio (CR), and opalescence parameter (OP) were calculated. The samples were aged (20, 40, 60, 80, 100h), and the optical properties were calculated after each interval.

Results: Most zirconia brands had lower L*, higher a*, higher

* with increased aging, which visually corresponds to darker, redder, and more yellow. Aging also increased CR, lowered TP, and lowered OP. .max was also affected by aging but still had the highest TP (23.±2.), L* (.±.4), and lowest CR (.41±.05) compared to any zirconia. The Zenostar had the closest TP (24.1±.4), and L* (90.2±.5) values to .max before aging. However, after 100h of aging, the DD-cubeX² was least effected and had the highest TP (.2±.) and lowest CR (.43±.01) compared with other zirconia samples and highest OP (11.±.2) of all ceramic samples.

Conclusions: The optical properties of zirconia and

.max materials were affected by aging with the effects increasing with time. The magnitude of change was affected by seven brands of dental zirconia.

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Thirty-six patients (19 males, 17 females: atypical schizophrenia; , typical schizophrenia; , depression; 11, neurosis and other psychiatric disorders; ) were operated on according to orbitoventromedial undercutting by Hirose. In all cases, the Rorschach test was carried out and daily behaviors were studied. Thirty-one scales of the test were subjected to multivariate analysis whereas the behaviors were evaluated according to the following criteria, i.., A: recovered or symptom free, : markedly improved, C: moderately improved, D: slightly improved and : not improved. The following results were obtained.
1) The evaluation of behaviors is as follows. A: 12 cases, : , C: , D: , : none.
2) It was found that scores of +106% and R+106% scales were significantly higher after the operation than before; that correlation coefficients between the scores before and after the operation were considerably high.
) Factor analysis followed by varimax rotation was carried out. Six factors were extracted, i.., (1) sensitivity to emotional stimuli, (2) ego-strength, () obsessional rigidity, (4) reaction time, (5) anxiety and tension and () empathy. It was revealed that 2 was high in atypical schizophrenia, depression and neurosis, and that 2 and were significantly different in terms of the factor scores among the four groups A, , C and D; 2 was highest in A, and lowest in D regardless of whether it was before or after the operation. showed high scores in both A and C, and low in D.
4) Multiple discriminant analysis was applied to the data of the Rorschach test before the operation, by classifying 36 subjects into the four groups A, , C and D. As a result, high rates of correct diagnosis were obtained, i.., 100% for A, 78% for , 56% for C and 100% for D. When the groups C and D were combined into one group (C+D) the highest percentage (100%) was seen in A, followed by (89%) and C+D group (87%). When the groups A and were combined into one group (A+), the percentages of correct diagnosis were % for A+, and 93% for C+D.
In conclusion, it can be said that scales of the Rorschach test have been proved to be valid for predicting mental and physical states after the orbito-ventromedial undercutting.

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The effect of composition and controlled thermomechanical process parameters on the mechanical properties of HSLA steels is modelled using the Widrow-Hoff's concept of training a neural net with feed-forward topology by applying Rumelhart's back propagation type algorithm for supervised learning, using a Petri like net structure. The data used are from laboratory experiments as well as from the published literature. The results from the neural network are found to be consistent and in good agreement with the experimented results.

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Static characteristics of two different structured InAlGaAs/InAlAs superlattice avalanche photodiodes (SLAPDs) cooled by liquid nitrogen were evaluated at a wavelength of 1.5 μm. The dark current of the SLAPD having a thick superlattice layer of .504 μm was 5×10^-13 A. This was successively reduced by four orders of magnitude compared to that of the thin layer SLAPD of .231 μm at a breakdown voltage of around 20 V. The thickened layer was effective in suppressing tunneling dark current. An output current of 1.×10^-12 A at a bias voltage of 15 V was measured for an optical input with a wavelength of 1.5 μm and a signal power of 1×10^-12 W. This showed a sharp distinction from the dark current.

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An unsupervised learning technique and an associative memory have been used for encoding weights by a special type of Petri network named Petri neural net for modelling the influence of alloying elements on the final property of the high strength low alloy steel. The combined effects of alloying elements for different strengthening mechanisms is predicted when weights and threshold values are chosen on the basis of metallurgical understanding. The technique is found to be effective to create an associative memory of input-output relations in unknown data sets so that the same can be subsequently be used as a predictive tool.

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