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顎関節症における関節円板のMRIによる検討

関節円板の前方転位の程度と復位および臨床所見との関係

松木宏真, 尾崎登喜雄

日本口腔外科学会雑誌
1999年 45 巻 4 号 241-251
発行日: 1999/04/20
公開日: 2011/07/25

DOI https://doi.org/10.5794/jjoms.45.241

ジャーナルフリー

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To determine the position of the anteriorly displaced articular disc, we examined temporomandibular joints by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 54 patients with unilateral temporomandibular joint dysfunction. MRI was done before conservative therapy in the occlusal and maximal open-mouth position. We drew a straight line connecting the lowest point of the articular eminence (point A) and the highest point of the external acoustic pore (point
E
) by tracing the sagittal view on MRI. On the standard A-
E
line, points
B
',
C
', and D' were sought by dropping perpendicular lines from the deepest point of the glenoid fossa (point
B
), the highest point of the condylar head (point
C
), and the most posterior point of the articular disc (point D). We then determined the sagittal position of the articular disc in the glenoid fossa by measuring the distances
AD
' and
C
'D' and sought the correlation between these distances and clinical findings. The results were as follows. 1. The distance
AD
' in 33 patients with MRI-defined irreversible displacement of the disc was shorter than that in 10 patients with reversible displacement (
3
.
7
±1.
9
mm vs
6
.
8
±2.0mm, p<0.0001). In contrast, the distance
C
'D' in the former was longer than that in the latter (
6
.0±1.
7
mm vs
3
.4±1.
5
mm, P<0.0001). Of 29 discs displaced anteriorly less than
5
mm in distance
C
'D', 19 (66%) had reversible or no displacement. However, 23 (92%) of 25 discs displaced more than
5
mm in distance
C
'D' had irreversible displacement. 2. Disc deformity and abnormal signal intensity bands in the condylar head closely correlated with distances
AD
' and
C
'D'. In 17 patients without disc deformity, mean
AD
' and
C
'D' distances were
9
.
8
± 2.
7
mm and 0.2± 2.
8
mm, respectively. In 19 and 18 patients with mild to moderate and severe deformity, the mean
AD
'(
C
'D') distances were
5
.4±1.
8
mm (4.
5
±1.
6
mm) and 2.
7
±1.
8
mm (
6
.
8
±1.
5
mm), respectively.
3
. Although distance
AD
' and
C
'D' did not correlate with clinical symptoms, the degree of anterior disc displacement correlated with the therapeutic effect of conservative therapy. The mean
AD
' distance (
7
.
3
±
3
.
7
mm) in 15 patients with a complete response to conservative therapy was longer than that (
3
.4±1.4mm) in
5
patients with no improvement. These results indicate that the sagittal position of the articular disc can be determined by MRI and that successful conservative therapy is unlikely if anterior disc displacement extends beyond
5
mm from the top of the condylar head, often resulting in irreversible displacement.
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冠動脈血栓と基盤となる動脈硬化との関係

形態学的研究

岡田了三, 加納達二, 福田圭介

血液と脈管
1981年 12 巻 1 号 31-35
発行日: 1981/03/01
公開日: 2010/08/05

DOI https://doi.org/10.2491/jjsth1970.12.31

ジャーナルフリー

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Coronary arteries of 215 autopsied hearts with myocardial infarction (MI), were macroscopically examined by multiple cross sections, for sclerotic narrowing and thrombotic occlusion. Grade of the narrowing was estimated by scores i.
e
. 1 for minimal, 2 for 25%,
3
for 50%, 4 for 75% and
5
for complete occlusion. Entire epicardial course of the coronary arteries consisted of right coronary artery (R), left stem (LS), anterior descending artery (
Ad
) and circumflex branch (
C
), was divided into 17 segments with equal length, and stenotic score was given to the maximal lesion for each segment proximal or distal to thrombosis as well as at just thrombotic site.
Fourty-six fresh thrombi were analysed for detection of the relationship between pre-existed sclerotic narrowing and thrombus formation. In general, the thrombosis occurred at just mildly stenotic site (0.
9
), sandwiched by modrate stenosis (2.
8
) from both proximal and distal side. In male, the stenotic score at each branch proximal to thrombosis was
C
(
3
.
8
)>
Ad
(
3
.
6
)>R (2.0)>LS (0) and that distal to thrombosis was
Ad
(
3
.
3
)>
C
(
3
.2)>LS (2.
5
)>R (2.1). In female, the stenotic score proximal to thrombosis was R (
3
.
5
)>
C
(
3
.2)>
Ad
(1.
5
), and that distal to thrombosis was R (4.1)>
C
(
3
.0)>
Ad
(1.
7
). The stenotic score was increasing with age in female, but not in male. Incidence of marked (4 or more in score), moderate (
3
), and mild (2 or less) pre-existed Stenosis related to thrombosis was 46%,
22
%, and 32% respectively, in general. In male, marked stenosis was frequently seen in
Ad
and
C
, and in famale, marked one was in R.
The results indicated possibility that even mild atherosclerotic narrowing could provoke thrombosis in 1/
3
cases with MI. Male predominancy for
Ad
and LS lesion and female predominancy for R lesion could cause a quite sex difference on the types of MI and coronary thrombosis.
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Stimulative Effects of (
22E
,24R)-Ergosta-
7
,
22
-diene-
3β
,
5α
,
6β
-triol from Fruiting Bodies of Tricholoma auratum, on a Mouse Osteoblastic Cell Line, MC
3
T
3
-
E
1

Keishi Hata, Fuyuki Sugawara, Naganori Ohisa, Saori Takahashi, Kazuyuki Hori

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin
2002年 25 巻 8 号 1040-1044
発行日: 2002年
公開日: 2002/08/01

DOI https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.25.1040

ジャーナルフリー

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We screened the differentiation-inducing activities of 39 mushroom extracts from Akita prefecture, Japan, on the mouse osteoblastic cell line, MC
3
T
3
-
E
1. Sixteen phosphate buffered saline (PBS),
8
boiled PBS, 14 ethanol and 12 methanol extracts induced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, an indicator of MC
3
T
3
-
E
1 cell differentiation. The enzyme activities were markedly induced by extracts of Tricholoma auratum, and we isolated the active compound from methanol extracts of this mushroom. Physical data for the isolated active compound were identical to those for (
22E
,24R)-ergosta-
7
,
22
-diene-
3β
,
5α
,
6β
-triol (1). 1 induced ALP activities of MC
3
T
3
-
E
1 cells and promoted cell proliferation. To investigate the relationships between the chemical structure and differentiation-inducing activity of the compound, ALP-inducing activities of MC
3
T
3
-
E
1 cells by 1, ergosterol (2), ergocalciferol (
3
), cholesta-
3β
,
5α
,
6β
-triol (4),
7
-dehydrocholesterol (
5
) and cholecalciferol (
6
) were tested. The enzyme activities of MC
3
T
3
-
E
1 cells were increased
3
.0-fold by 10 μM 1 and 2.4-fold by 10 μM 4. However, 2,
3
,
5
and
6
did not induce MC
3
T
3
-
E
1 cell ALP activity at 0.1—10 μM. These results suggested that the OH groups at
C
-
5
and/or
C
-
6
of 1 and 4 played an important role in their differentiation-inducing activities on MC
3
T
3
-
E
1 cells. Furthermore, 1 suppressed induction of MC
3
T
3
-
E
1 cell apoptosis by serum starvation.
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(
22E
, 24S)
5α
-Stigmasta-
3
,
22
-dien-
6
-one: An Intermediate of the Isomerization of (
22E
, 24S)-
3α
,
5
-Cyclo-
5α
-stigmast-
22
-en-
6
-one into (
22E
, 24S)-
5α
-Stigmasta-2,
22
-dien-
6
-one

Suguru TAKATSUTO, Kiyomi KOBAYASHI, Tsuyoshi WATANABE, Hiroki KURIYAMA, Tokuo FURUSE

Agricultural and Biological Chemistry
1988年 52 巻 12 号 3217-3218
発行日: 1988年
公開日: 2006/04/05

DOI https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.52.3217

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CONTINUOUS SHIFTWORKING IN PROCESS INDUSTRIES: DOES FIRM EFFICIENCY IMPLY HIGH HUMAN COSTS?

Cbesseredes HORTS

Journal of Human Ergology
1982年 11 巻 Supplement 号 429-440
発行日: 1982/12/15
公開日: 2011/02/23

DOI https://doi.org/10.11183/jhe1972.11.Supplement_429

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英国における過去半世紀 (1922～1972) 間の冶金用コークスの研究

George W. Lee

燃料協会誌
1973年 52 巻 3 号 171-177
発行日: 1973/03/20
公開日: 2010/06/28

DOI https://doi.org/10.3775/jie.52.171

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Chronic Treatment with Aβ42 with a Toxic Conformer and LPS Induces Inflammatory Responses in BV-2 Microglia with Dysregulation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Expression

Takahito Maki, Masahito Sawahata, Daisuke Uta, Kazuhiro Irie, Toshiaki Kume

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin
2023年 46 巻 2 号 359-363
発行日: 2023/02/01
公開日: 2023/02/01

DOI https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b22-00855

ジャーナルフリー HTML

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Amyloid β (Aβ) plays a key role in the pathology of Alzheimer’s disease (
AD
) and is toxic owing to its ability to aggregate into oligomers and fibrils. Aβ has high aggregative ability and potent toxicity due to the “toxic turn” at positions
22
and 23. Furthermore, APP knock-in mice producing
E
22
P-Aβ with the toxic turn exhibited
AD
-related phenotypes such as cognitive impairment, Aβ plaque accumulation, and tau hyperphosphorylation. In these mice, it is suggested that the activation of neuroinflammation and dysregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) expression in the hippocampus contribute to the pathogenesis of
AD
-related phenotype. However, it remains unclear which cells are responsible for the dysregulation of HIF expression and the neuroinflammation which was induced by
E
22
P-Aβ with the toxic turn. Here, we investigated the effects of chronic treatment with
E
22
P-Aβ42 and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) on the inflammatory response in BV-2 microglia. Chronic treatment with
E
22
P-Aβ42 and LPS increased nitric oxide production and the expression of interleukin-
6
(IL-
6
), whereas it reduced the expression of HIF-1α and HIF-
3
α in BV-2 microglia. The reduction of HIF-1α caused by
E
22
P-Aβ42 and LPS was milder than that caused by LPS. Furthermore, chronic treatment with
E
22
P-Aβ42 and LPS increased the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB).
E
22
P-Aβ42 could enhance the inflammatory response of microglia with abnormal HIF signaling and contribute to the progression of
AD
pathology.

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Longitudinal Investigation of Epidemiologic Feature of Adenovirus Infections in Acute Respiratory Illnesses among Children in Yamagata, Japan (1986-1991)

MICHIYO SAKAMOTO, NATSUME YAZAKI, NORIKO KATSUSHIMA, KATSUMI MIZUTA, HIROSHI SUZUKI, YOSHIO NUMAZAKI

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine
1995年 175 巻 3 号 185-193
発行日: 1995年
公開日: 2006/08/31

DOI https://doi.org/10.1620/tjem.175.185

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SAKAMOTO, M., YAZAKI, N., KATSUSHIMA, N., MIZUTA, K., SUZUKI, H. and NUMAZAKI, Y. Longitudinal Investigation of Epidemiologic Feature of Adenovirus Infections in Acute Respiratory Illnesses among Children in Yamagata, Japan (1986-1991). Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1995, 175 (
3
), 185-193 - Using human embryonic fibroblast (HEF) and HEp-2 cell cultures, adenoviruses were isolated from 989 (
3
.
7
%) out of 26, 793 pediatic patients with ARI in Yamagata, Japan from January, 1986 to December, 1991. All isolates were identified as types 1 (
Ad
1)-
6
and no other serotypes were identified. Epidemiologic feature was different depending on the subgenus group.
Ad
1, 2,
5
and
6
(group
C
) were endemic and the infections occurred frequently in the summer season.
Ad
3
(group
B
) was epidemic in the autumn to winter season, although the virus was isolated every month in non-epidemic season. No seasonal distribution of
Ad
4 (group
E
) could be determined because the number of patients was limited. Neutralizing antibody positive ratio for group
C
were more than 40% at 1-2 years of age and almost 100% by 10 years of age but those for
Ad
3
(group
B
) were 40% by 10 years of age. The neutralizing antibodies for
Ad
4 (group
E
) or
Ad
7
(group
B
) became negative by 10 years of age. With group
C
infections, most cases were infants and young children less than 2 years of age, but
Ad
3
infections were older children with the peak at 4 and
5
years of age.
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86(P-
8
) 環状デプシペプチド、Callipeltin Aの全合成研究 : 異常アミノ酸部の立体選択的合成(ポスター発表の部)

今野博行, 青山幸代, 武林陽子

天然有機化合物討論会講演要旨集
2003年 45 巻 86/P-8
発行日: 2003/09/01
公開日: 2017/08/18

DOI https://doi.org/10.24496/tennenyuki.45.0_509

会議録・要旨集フリー

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Callipeltin A (1) is a cyclodepsipeptide from water sponge collected at New Caledonia. This compound shows anti-HIV and cytotoxic activities against KB and P388 cells and contains three new amino acid residues. β-methoxytyrosine (β-MeOTyr) (4), (2R,
3
R,4S)-4-amino-
7
-guanidino-2,-
3
-dihydroxyheptanoic acid (AGDHE) (
5
), (
3
S,4R)-
3
,4-dimethyl-L-glutamine (diMeGln) (
6
). In addition, two new truncated open-chain derivatives of Callipeltin A (1), named Callipeltin D (2) and
E
(
3
) were isolated. The unique structure and intriguing biological activities of this compound led us to explore total synthesis of Callipeltin A (1) and to elucidate stereochemistry of β-MeOTyr (4). We started to synthesize Callipeltin
E
(
3
) which contains β-MeOTyr (4). In order to synthesize four stereoisomer of β-MeOTyr (4), we attempted Evans anti or syn-Aldol reaction as a key step. Evans direct anti-aldol reaction with chiral benzyloxazolidinones (
8
) and p-hydroxy benzaldehyde (
9
) promoted by catalytic amounts of MgCl_2 in the presence of triethylamine and chlorotrimethylsilane. This proceder provide
3
:1 diastereoselelctivity and 70% yield of isolated anti-aldol product (10). And Enolizalion of isocyanate oxazolidinone (13) with di-n-butylboryl trifrate and diisopropylethylamine followed by treatment with aldehyde
8
afford syn-aldol product 14 affording 88% yield and 1:
5
anti: sin diastereomeric ratio. On the other hand, we tried Sharpless Asymmetric dihydroxylation (
AD
) and Aminohydroxylation (AA) to give all four stereoisomers of β-MeOTyr. Treatment of olefin (18) with
AD
-mix α provided diol (19) and the α position alcohol of 19 was converted to sulfone regioselectively followed by azidation and treatment of 20 with PPh_
3
to afford aziridine (21). Addition of aziridine (21) and BF_
3
・Et_2O in methanol produced α-amino β-methoxy adduct (
22
). AA reaction protocol with t-butylcarbamate was successfully applied to afford desired
22
in single step. Now we construct Callipeltin
E
to determine absolute stereochemistry of β-MeOTyr (4). In addition, we report the synthesis of diMeGln (
6
) and (2R,
3
R,4S)-
3
-hydroxy-2-4-
6
-trimethyl hepanoic acid (
7
).
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New Carbazole Alkaloids from Murraya euchrestifolia HAYATA

井藤千裕, 古川宏

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin
1990年 38 巻 6 号 1548-1550
発行日: 1990/06/25
公開日: 2008/03/31

DOI https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.38.1548

ジャーナルフリー

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Five new monomeric carbazoles, named eustifoline-A (1), -
B
(2), -
C
(
3
), and -D (
5
) and furostifoline (
6
), and one dimeric carbazole alkaloid, murrastifoline-
E
(
7
), were isolated from the root bark of Murraya euchrestifolia collected in Taiwan in December, and their structures were elucidated by spectrometric means. Eustifoline-A (1) and -
B
(2) have a substituted pyran ring,
ad
eustifoline-
C
(
3
) having a geranyl side chain is considered to be a biogenetic precursor of 2. Eustifoline-D (
5
) and furostifoline (
6
) both have a furan ring system and were shown to be structural isomers. The new dimeric carbazole murrastifoline-
E
(
7
) was found to have the structure corresponding to deoxygenated murrastifoline-D (
8
) and to be an adduct of murrayafoline-A (
9
) with girinimbine (10).
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An Efficient Preparation of (
22E
, 24S)-
5α
-Stigmasta-2,
22
-dien-
6
-one from (
22E
, 24S)-
3α
,
5
-Cyclo-
5α
-stigmast-
22
-en-
6
-one

Tsuyoshi WATANABE, Hiroki KURIYAMA, Tokuo FURUSE, Kiyomi KOBAYASHI, Suguru TAKATSUTO

Agricultural and Biological Chemistry
1988年 52 巻 8 号 2117-2118
発行日: 1988年
公開日: 2006/04/05

DOI https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.52.2117

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三標両角法による航跡記録器の試作品とその改良点について(日本航海学会第32回講演会)

藤崎正治

日本航海学会誌
1965年 33 巻 79-83
発行日: 1965/07/25
公開日: 2017/09/26

DOI https://doi.org/10.9749/jina.33.0_79

ジャーナルフリー

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Three objects are A,
B
and
C
. The ship's positon is P. This is the instrument by which the ship's course will be recorded on the chart, if one on board is moving index mirror so that image A may be on
B
through telescope on sextant and the other is moving another sextant so that image
C
may be on A. Figure 1 shows the principle of this instrument except sextant, where D is the point which AB^2=AC・
AD
. Take Q and
E
such that AB^2=AP・AQ, AB=AE. then follows ∠ABQ=∠APB, ∠ADQ=∠APC. Fig.2 shows the outline of this instrument put on paper except sextant. Fig.
3
, 4,
5
,
6
are in detail of fig.2. Fig.
7
shows the sextant with synchromotor, (12) shows the cover of syncromotor. Fig.
8
,
9
shows the part of instrument which must be reformed next time.
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BINDING OF TOBRAMYCIN TO ESCHERICHIA COLI RIBOSOMES: CHARACTERISTICS AND EQUILIBRIUM OF THE REACTION

FRANÇOIS LE GOFFIC, FRÉDÉRIC TANGY, BERNARD MOREAU

The Journal of Antibiotics
1979年 32 巻 12 号 1288-1292
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2006/04/12

DOI https://doi.org/10.7164/antibiotics.32.1288

ジャーナルフリー

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A sample of [^{3H
] tobrarnycin (5
, 000 Ci/Mole) has been synthetized and incubated with
the bacterial ribosome and its subunits. The results obtained show that this antibiotic has
two types of binding sites. The primary one is probably responsible for the inhibition of
protein synthesis whereas the secondary one is probably related to the misreading and reading
tiirough of the messenger RNA.
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乳牛の分娩性起立不能症における血漿25(OH)
D₃
の濃度

沖村健司, 佐藤繁, 内藤善久

東北家畜臨床研究会報
1988年 1988 巻 11 号 27-31
発行日: 1988/12/02
公開日: 2009/04/22

DOI https://doi.org/10.4190/jjvc1978.1988.27

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乳牛の分娩性起立不能症予防のための基礎的資料を得る目的で、分娩後2日以内に起立不能に陥ったホルスタイン種乳牛
22
例の血漿25(OH)
D₃
濃度を調査した。初診日の血漿25(OH)
D₃
濃度は、15.0～174.
9
(58.
3
±40.
6
,M±SD)ng/mlと個体間の差が大きく、また、分娩前におけるV-
AD₃E
剤の経口投与の有無により差異が認められた。すなわちV-
AD₃E
剤投与牛(n=10)では88.
7
±40.
6
ng/mlであり、非投与牛(n=12)の30.
6
±
7
.0ng/mlに比べ、有意(P＜0.01)な高値を示した。初診後の経過にともない25(OH)
D₃
濃度は、ほとんど変化がみられなかった。
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より実用的な飛行機への探求

Grover Loening

日本航空学会誌
1963年 11 巻 119 号 373-380
発行日: 1963年
公開日: 2009/05/25

DOI https://doi.org/10.2322/jjsass1953.11.373

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Prostaglandin
E
2 Stimulates Adaptive IL-
22
Production and Promotes Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Calum T Robb, Jinju Lee, Jennifer M Felton, Shuh Narumiya, Adriano G Rossi, Sarah
E
Howie, Chengcan Yao

日本薬理学会年会要旨集
2018年 WCP2018 巻 WCP2018_PO1-4-7
発行日: 2018年
公開日: 2020/09/10

DOI https://doi.org/10.1254/jpssuppl.WCP2018.0_PO1-4-7

会議録・要旨集オープンアクセス

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BACKGROUND
Atopic dermatitis (
AD
) and allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) are both forms of eczema and are common inflammatory skin diseases with a central role of T cell-derived IL-
22
in their pathogenesis. Although prostaglandin
E
2 (PGE2) is known to promote inflammation, little is known about its role in processes related to
AD
and ACD development, including IL-
22
upregulation.
OBJECTIVES
We set out to investigate whether PGE2 has a role in T cell-derived IL-
22
induction and development of ACD, which has augmented prevalence in patients with
AD
.
METHODS
T cell cultures and in vivo sensitization of mice with powerful haptens (oxazolone and dinitrofluorobenzene) were used to assess the role of PGE2 in IL-
22
production. The involvement of PGE2 receptors and their downstream signals was also examined. The specific effects of PGE2 during ACD pathogenesis were evaluated by using the oxazolone-induced ACD mouse model. Gene expression of PGE2 and IL-
22
signaling pathways was also investigated by using genomic profiling in human lesional
AD
skin biopsies.
RESULTS
PGE2 promotes IL-
22
production from T cells through its receptors,
E
prostanoid receptor 2 (EP2) and EP4. This is mediated by its downstream cAMP-PKA signaling and probably involves the transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). Selective deletion of EP4 in T cells prevents hapten-induced adaptive IL-
22
production in vivo. Importantly, blockade of endogenous PGE2 production by a COX inhibitor indomethacin or deletion of EP4 in T cells limit atopic-like skin inflammation in the oxazolone-induced mouse ACD model. Moreover, both PGE2 and IL-
22
pathway genes were coequally upregulated in human
AD
lesional skin but were down-regulated after treatment with betamethasone or ultraviolet
B
(UVB) radiation, both common therapies for
AD
.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results thus define a crucial role for PGE2 in promoting ACD by facilitating T cell-derived IL-
22
production.

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日本の肉用鶏にみられた〓骨 Dyschondroplasia について

板倉智敏, 五藤精知, 藤原義昭

日本獸醫學雜誌(The Japanese Journal of Veterinary Science)
1973年 35 巻 4 号 289-297_5
発行日: 1973/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/13

DOI https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms1939.35.289

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All the birds examined were also associated with bone dysplasia (art alczaormal develop-ment of bone tissue) in the diaphyseal cortex of the leg bones, especially of bones affectedwith dyschondroplasia. This result is very significant in order to clarifyz tlais disease entity.1970:J14, k -1 }
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Syntheses of
6
,
6
a,
7
,
8
,
9
, 10, 10a, 11-Octahydro-11-oxodibenz [
b
,
e
] oxepins and
6
,
6
a,
7
,
8
,
9
, 10, 10a, 11-Octahydro-11-oxodibenzo [
b
,
e
] thiepins

黒川美貴雄, 吉田耕治, 永井保嵩, 宇野準

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin
1983年 31 巻 12 号 4312-4318
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/03/31

DOI https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.31.4312

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Two new partially saturated tricyclic ring systems,
6
,
6
a,
7
,
8
,
9
, 10, 10a, 11-octahydro-11-oxodibenz [
b
,
e
] oxepins (
3
a and
3
b
), and -thiepins (4a and 4
b
) were synthesized. Compounds 4a and 4
b
were desulfurized to give a pair of isomeric 2-methylbenzoylcyclohexanes (10a and 10
b
). Deuterated 4a and 4
b
(11a and 11
b
) were prepared starting from butadiene-
d₆
(12). The stereochemical features of
3
a (trans),
3
b
(cis), 4a (trans) and 4
b
(cis) are compared with those of 10a, 10
b
, 11a and 11
b
on the basis of proton nuclear magnetic resonance data.
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Representations of Unitary Groups and Free Convolution

Philippe Biane

Publications of the Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences
1995年 31 巻 1 号 63-79
発行日: 1995年
公開日: 2009/04/24

DOI https://doi.org/10.2977/prims/1195164791

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Circuit Techniques to Enhance Linearity and Intrinsic Gain to Realize a 1.2V, 200MHz, +10.
3
dBm IIP
3
and
7
th-Order LPF in a 65nm CMOS

Yasuhiro SUGIMOTO, Kazuma SAKATOH

IEICE Transactions on Electronics
2013年 E96.C 巻 6 号 867-874
発行日: 2013/06/01
公開日: 2013/06/01

DOI https://doi.org/10.1587/transele.E96.C.867

ジャーナル認証あり

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Circuit techniques to enhance the linearity of input-voltage-to-current (V/I) conversion and to increase the output impedance of a current source by compensating for the low intrinsic gain of a transistor were introduced to realize a high-frequency operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) for a low supply voltage using sub-100-nm CMOS processes. Applying these techniques, a MOS
7
th-order Gm-
C
linear-phase low-pass filter (LPF) was realized using a 65nm CMOS process. A simplified biquad LPF that can serve as a component of a
7
th-order LPF was newly developed by replacing OTAs with resistors. As a result, the -
3
dB frequency bandwidth, group delay ripple,
3
rd-order distortion, and
3
rd-order input intercept point (IIP
3
) were 200MHz, 2.2%, ≤ -55dB with a 100MHz input, and +10.
3
dBm, respectively, all with a ±0.1Vp-p input signal at each input terminal in the pseudodifferential configuration. The LPF including an output buffer dissipated 60mW in the case of a 1.2V supply. Wide spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) characteristics were confirmed up to high frequencies.
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