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EFFECT OF PRELOADING ON POST-CONSTRUCTION CONSOLIDATION SETTLEMENT OF SOFT CLAY SUBJECTED TO REPEATED LOADING

藤原東雄, 上俊二

土質工学会論文報告集
1990年 30 巻 1 号 76-86
発行日: 1990/03/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf1972.30.76

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The behavior of the soft clay grounds subjected to repeated loading is different from that subjected to sustained loading. The difference in settlement between these two loading patterns should be due to secondary compression over a long period of time. Consequently, soft clay grounds subjected to repeated loading tend to be more compressible than those subjected to sustained loading. Therefore, it is necessary for engineers to predict post-construction settlements under repeated loading. In this respect, the preloading is considered to be promising as a countermeasure to reduce the settlement of clay under repeated loading as well as under sustained loading. The effect of preloading on post-construction consolidation settlement of soft clay subjected to repeated loading after removal of a part of preload is investigated in the present paper. It has become clear that the settlement of a clay sample after preconsolidation is mainly affected by the amount of preload, the degree of consolidation due to the preload, the amount of permanent load and the amount of repeated load after removal of preload. The calculated settlement versus time relations using a method to estimate the amount of consolidation settlement of soft clay grounds subjected to repeated loading after removal of preloading were compared with the observed degree of consolidation as parameters of the intensities of preload and repeated load.
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22
-
8
3-
D
VISION WITH HDTV

K. Balasubramanian

テレビジョン学会年次大会講演予稿集
1990年 26 巻
発行日: 1990/07/25
公開日: 2017/10/02

DOI https://doi.org/10.11485/tvac.26.0_393

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Realization of a 3-
D
TV system using the present day HDTV is proposed. This system is based on the stereoscopic principles transmitting the left and right eye view images of the object on multiplexed video lines. In the receiver, the video lines are demultiplexed, the missing lines are interpolated and the stereo pair of images are reconstructed in two picture tubes. By means of a bicircularily polarized viewing system, these stereo pair of images are made to offer a true 3-
D
vision. This system takes the advantage of high resolution offered by teh HDTV system and at the same time adds only a minimal complexity to the circuitry of the HDTV transmitter and the receiver for converting the HDTV into 3-
D
TV.
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MECHANISM FOR WATER FILM GENERATION AND LATERAL FLOW IN LIQUEFIED SAND LAYER

國生剛治

地盤工学会論文報告集
2000年 40 巻 5 号 99-111
発行日: 2000/10/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf.40.5_99

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In view of the significant role of the water film effect in flow failure for a liquefied sandy deposit, the mechanism of water film generation is numerically studied based on a 1-dimensional model test. The process of water film growth and decay can be simulated to a certain extent by a simple consolidation analysis, which indicates that only a small difference in permeability in layered sand is enough for a water film to develop. A 1 G shaking table test for a two-dimensional slope model with an arc of silt within a saturated sand is then addressed to discuss the dilatancy effect exerted in sheared sand during flow failure. It is possible that, once the water film is formed, the transmission of shear stress through it is interrupted, leaving the sand below free from the dilatancy ; this eventually allows the water film to stay without being absorbed during flow failure. The result of another shaking table test for a trapezoidal slope with horizontal silt seams indicate that water films beneath the seams enable the soil mass above them to laterally flow along water films very gently inclined even after shaking. If a silt seam breaks due to excessive pressure in the water film, it triggers re-liquefaction in the upper sand and leads to further instability.
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FREQUENCY DEPENDENT PROPERTY OF WAVES IN SATURATED SOIL

三浦均也, 吉田望, 金潤相

地盤工学会論文報告集
2001年 41 巻 2 号 1-19
発行日: 2001/04/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf.41.2_1

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Elastic wave propagation in saturated soil is investigated in order to grasp the frequency dependent wave propagation property of actual soil. First, a closed form solution of Biot's equation is derived under a one-directional wave propagation condition. Then, the frequency dependent properties of waves in various soils such as clay, silt, sand, gravel and soft rock are computed and discussed. The behavior is shown to be classified into three states : low frequency, high frequency and transient. Properties hardly change in the low and high frequency states. The degree of saturation is shown to hardly affect the shear wave property, but it greatly affects the dilatational wave property, especially in a highly saturated condition. Permeability hardly affects the properties at low and high frequency states, but it does change the frequency range of the transient state. Next, the applicability of Biot's formulation is examined and the high frequency state derived from Biot's equation is shown to be valid when permeability is larger than that of silt. Finally, it is shown that various mechanical properties can be evaluated using the frequency dependent characteristics of the wave, some of which are difficult to measure in situ with conventional tools.
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22
a-
D
-
8
ハイペロン-核子散乱実験(KEK-PS
E
289)IV

神田浩樹, 秋川藤志, 延与秀人, 福田共和, 舟橋春彦, 後藤雄二, 長谷山智仁, 早川徹, 市川温子, 家入正治, 飯沼昌隆, 今井憲一, 石野雅也, 伊藤好孝, 川畑貴裕, 近藤恭弘, 政池明, 松田恭之, 三原智, 中田陽子, 中井浩二, 中澤和馬, 小沢恭一郎, 斎藤直人, 佐藤朗, 佐藤博紀, 田原司睦, 竹内富士雄, 滝伴子, 鳥井久行, 山本和弘, 山下了, 吉田充, 吉村善朗, Jung Keun AHN, Jacques ARVIEUX, Bernd BASSALLECK, Myung Shin CHUNG, Serguei GOLOVKINE, Alexandre GORIN, Yeong Duk KIM, Eugene KOZARENKO, Igor KRESLO, Jong Man LEE, Yeong Mouk PARK, Iouri PETOUKHOV, Yong Moo SHIN, Kwang Souk SIM, Pavel TLUSTY,
E
289 collaboration

日本物理学会講演概要集
1997年 52.2.1 巻 22a-D-8
発行日: 1997/09/02
公開日: 2018/03/04

DOI https://doi.org/10.11316/jpsgaiyo.52.2.1.0_60_3

会議録・要旨集フリー

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ESTIMATE OF ELASTIC SHEAR MODULUS IN HOLOCENE SOIL DEPOSITS

澁谷啓, 田中洋行

地盤工学会論文報告集
1996年 36 巻 4 号 45-55
発行日: 1996/12/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf.36.4_45

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An empirical equation in use for estimating the pseudo-elastic shear modulus, G_f, of subsoil, associated with shear strains less than 0.001% is proposed in this paper. In a series of in-situ seismic cone tests performed nationwide, the profiles of both G_f and the in-situ void ratio,
e₀
, with depth were successfully characterised at five sites, each comprising a soft clay layer deposited in the Holocene era. The database which comprised the original data from the field and laboratory tests, coupled with similar information on well-documented Holocene clay deposits in Europe, was statistically analyzed in attempts to determine a generalised relationship with which G_f of soft clay may be reasonably estimated only from routinely available borehole data; that is
e₀
and the current geostatic effective overburden pressure, σ'_v. An empirical relationship, G_f=
5
, 000
e₀
-
1.5
√(σ'_v) (kPa), was derived from the statistical analysis applied to data from seven different clays worldwide, for which
e₀
extended over a range between 1 and
5
, and the overconsolidation ratio ranged roughly between 1 and 2. The applicability of the proposed relationship was evaluated for two case records, each in which the clay exhibited unusual behavior; i.
e
., the undrained shear strength remained more or less constant with depth due to the existence of artesian pressure at one site, and, at the other, G_f decreased, whereas
e₀
increased, with depth. It was demonstrated that even in these clay deposits exhibiting exceptional profiles, the proposed relationship was capable of predicting G_f with a reasonable accuracy by determining the profiles of
e₀
and σ'_v with depth. In addition, the prediction when compared to G_max from carefully performed laboratory cyclic tests, yielded a better estimate of G_f from the in-situ seismic survey. Despite the fact that the empirical relationship was initially designated to estimate G_f of soft clays, it may be equally applicable to sandy deposits. This was verified by comparing it to similar, and well-established, relationships developed for sands. A case record as such is also described for a loose sand deposit at Higashi-Ohgishima in Tokyo Bay which was placed in 1960's by land reclamation.
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IMPACT BEHAVIOR OF SAND

CHAIM J. PORAN, KINGSEN HEH, JORGE A. RODRIGUEZ

土質工学会論文報告集
1992年 32 巻 4 号 81-92
発行日: 1992/12/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf1972.32.4_81

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The paper presents results from an extensive experimental model study of response of dry sand to impact of a rigid tamper. In the laboratory tests a circular steel tamper was repeatedly dropped on sand contained in a large tank. Measurements included tamper acceleration aud soil pressure at impact, tamper settlement, aud soil densities and strains. Effects of tamper drop height, weight and contact area were investigated. A method is presented for the evaluation of global dynamic stiffness of the soil mass affected by the impact by calculating a dynamic settlement modulus (DSM). The DSM values are determined from integration of the impact acceleration record with respect to time using measured integration constants. DSM values show good correlation to soil densities and corresponding elastic moduli obtained from laboratory tests for loose sand. However, for dense sand, results indicate apparent discrepancies between elastic modulus and the higher DSM values. Analyses of normalized impact energy and the resulting densification in the sand in terms of normalized dimensions of volumetric strain (relative density) contours show unique correlations which are used for a proposed rational design method for dynamic compaction in dry sandy soils.
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Functional analysis of
PAX8
variants identified in patients with congenital hypothyroidism in situ

Khishigjargal Batjargal, Toshihiro Tajima, Eriko Fujita-Jimbo, Takeshi Yamaguchi, Akie Nakamura, Takanori Yamagata

Clinical Pediatric Endocrinology
2022年 31 巻 4 号 234-241
発行日: 2022年
公開日: 2022/10/01
[早期公開] 公開日: 2022/07/07

DOI https://doi.org/10.1297/cpe.2021-0065

ジャーナルオープンアクセス

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Paired box transcription factor
8
(
PAX8
) is essential for thyroid organogenesis and development. Heterozygous pathogenic variants of
PAX8
typically cause congenital hypothyroidism (CH) due to thyroid hypoplasia. Additionally, pathogenic
PAX8
variants have been identified in patients with gland in situ (GIS). This study was conducted to analyze the in vitro functional consequences of four
PAX8
variants (p.
D
94N, p.
E
90
del, p.V58I, and p.L186Hfs*
22
) previously identified in patients with CH and GIS. The transcriptional activity of
PAX8
variants on the thyroglobulin (TG) promoter was assessed in a luciferase reporter assay. The levels of transcriptional activity on the TG promoter of p.
E
90
del and p.L186Hfs*
22
were significantly reduced, whereas p.
D
94N and p.V58I showed residual activation. In addition, a dominant negative effect on the wild-type (WT) was not detected in any
PAX8
variant using a luciferase reporter assay. Two
PAX8
variants (p.
E
90
del and p.L186Hfs*
22
) may be pathogenic causes of CH with GIS.

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Photoprotons from ²⁷Al

Hiroaki Tsubota, Nobuaki Kawamura, Siro Oikawa, Katsufusa Shoda

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan
1974年 37 巻 1 号 17-23
発行日: 1974/07/15
公開日: 2007/06/01

DOI https://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.37.17

ジャーナル認証あり

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Proton energy spectra of the ²⁷Al(
e
,
e
′p)²⁶Mg reaction in the giant resonance region have been measured at
90
°. The (γ, p₀) and (γ, p₁) differential cross sections were obtained. A strong proton group is found at
8
.
5
MeV in the energy spectra with the electron energies above
22
MeV. This proton group is found to be due to non-ground state transitions. The integrated differential cross sections of the (γ, p₀) and (γ, p₁) reactions are obtained as 0.45±0.06 and 0.
92
±0.21 MeV-mb/sr, respectively. The results are compared with those for the neighbouring closed nucleus ²⁸Si. A discussion is made on a direct process. The splitting of the (γ, p₀) resonance is studied, and an effect of the isospin rather than the nuclear deformation is suggested.
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顎関節症における関節円板のMRIによる検討

関節円板の前方転位の程度と復位および臨床所見との関係

松木宏真, 尾崎登喜雄

日本口腔外科学会雑誌
1999年 45 巻 4 号 241-251
発行日: 1999/04/20
公開日: 2011/07/25

DOI https://doi.org/10.5794/jjoms.45.241

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To determine the position of the anteriorly displaced articular disc, we examined temporomandibular joints by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 54 patients with unilateral temporomandibular joint dysfunction. MRI was done before conservative therapy in the occlusal and maximal open-mouth position. We drew a straight line connecting the lowest point of the articular eminence (point A) and the highest point of the external acoustic pore (point
E
) by tracing the sagittal view on MRI. On the standard A-
E
line, points B', C', and
D
' were sought by dropping perpendicular lines from the deepest point of the glenoid fossa (point B), the highest point of the condylar head (point C), and the most posterior point of the articular disc (point
D
). We then determined the sagittal position of the articular disc in the glenoid fossa by measuring the distances
AD
' and C'
D
' and sought the correlation between these distances and clinical findings. The results were as follows. 1. The distance
AD
' in 33 patients with MRI-defined irreversible displacement of the disc was shorter than that in 10 patients with reversible displacement (3.7±1.9mm vs 6.
8
±2.0mm, p<0.0001). In contrast, the distance C'
D
' in the former was longer than that in the latter (6.0±1.7mm vs 3.4±1.
5
mm, P<0.0001). Of 29 discs displaced anteriorly less than
5
mm in distance C'
D
', 19 (66%) had reversible or no displacement. However, 23 (
92
%) of 25 discs displaced more than
5
mm in distance C'
D
' had irreversible displacement. 2. Disc deformity and abnormal signal intensity bands in the condylar head closely correlated with distances
AD
' and C'
D
'. In 17 patients without disc deformity, mean
AD
' and C'
D
' distances were 9.
8
± 2.7mm and 0.2± 2.
8
mm, respectively. In 19 and 18 patients with mild to moderate and severe deformity, the mean
AD
'(C'
D
') distances were
5
.4±1.
8
mm (4.
5
±1.6mm) and 2.7±1.
8
mm (6.
8
±1.
5
mm), respectively. 3. Although distance
AD
' and C'
D
' did not correlate with clinical symptoms, the degree of anterior disc displacement correlated with the therapeutic effect of conservative therapy. The mean
AD
' distance (7.3±3.7mm) in 15 patients with a complete response to conservative therapy was longer than that (3.4±1.4mm) in
5
patients with no improvement. These results indicate that the sagittal position of the articular disc can be determined by MRI and that successful conservative therapy is unlikely if anterior disc displacement extends beyond
5
mm from the top of the condylar head, often resulting in irreversible displacement.
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(
22E
, 24S)
5α
-Stigmasta-3,
22
-dien-6-one: An Intermediate of the Isomerization of (
22E
, 24S)-3α,
5
-Cyclo-
5α
-stigmast-
22
-en-6-one into (
22E
, 24S)-
5α
-Stigmasta-2,
22
-dien-6-one

Suguru TAKATSUTO, Kiyomi KOBAYASHI, Tsuyoshi WATANABE, Hiroki KURIYAMA, Tokuo FURUSE

Agricultural and Biological Chemistry
1988年 52 巻 12 号 3217-3218
発行日: 1988年
公開日: 2006/04/05

DOI https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.52.3217

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COMPARATIVE STUDY ON STATIC AND DYNAMIC SLIDING BEHAVIORS OF SLOPES BASED ON SMALL AND LARGE DEFORMATION THEORIES

/ 鵜飼恵三, KEIZO UGAI

地盤工学会論文報告集
1998年 38 巻 3 号 201-207
発行日: 1998/09/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf.38.3_201

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A comparative study of the static and dynamic response of a slope is carried out, using the large deformation theory of the updated Lagrangian formulation and the conventional infinitesimal theory. In the static analysis, a strength reduction method proposed by one of the authors is used to evaluate the safety factor of the slope. It is found that by the large deformation theory, the safety factor is larger than that calculated by the infinitesimal theory, and this difference becomes large along with the reduction of elastic modulus. In the dynamic analysis, it is observed that the large deformation theory gives smaller sliding displacement and larger response acceleration than the infinitesimal approach. It is concluded that in many cases the large deformation approach gives more adequate solutions.
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SMALL STRAIN SHEAR MODULUS OF CLAY SEDIMENTATION IN A STATE OF NORMAL CONSOLIDATION

澁谷啓, 三田地利之

土質工学会論文報告集
1994年 34 巻 4 号 67-77
発行日: 1994/12/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf1972.34.4_67

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In this paper, consideration is given as to how to characterize depth-variation for the small-strain shear modulus of natural clay sedimentation, in a state of normal consolidation. A case study was carried out for a relatively uniform clay layer deposited in the Holocene era. Initially, the effects of both strain and in-situ stress levels on secant shear modulus were carefully examined in cyclic torsion shear tests using undisturbed samples, which were recovered at different depths in a test borehole. The range of shear strain examined was between 0.001% and 1%. Similar examination was made for a silty clay using reconstituted samples that were isotropically consolidated at different stress levels. On the basis of the results of these laboratory tests, together with the shear modulus from an in-situ seismic survey, the small-strain shear modulus was formulated in terms of the stress and strain levels, and linked also to undrained shear strength. Interactions of the small strain stiffness between in-situ and laboratory are discussed in depth with an attention paid to the existing aging effect in the original subsurface condition.
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RESPONSE OF A DENSE SAND DEPOSIT DURING 1993 KUSHIR0-0KI EARTHQUAKE

井合進, 森田年一, 亀岡知弘, 松永康男, 安彦和之

土質工学会論文報告集
1995年 35 巻 1 号 115-131
発行日: 1995/03/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf1972.35.115

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In the 1993 Kushiro-oki Earthquake of Richter magnitude 7.
8
, simultaneous recording of earthquake motions was successfully made at the ground surface and at a depth of 77 meters in a dense saturated sand deposit. The peak horizontal acceleration was 0.47 g on the ground surface and 0.21 g at a depth of 77 meters. The acceleration record at the ground surface showed a distinctive ground response, which consisted of a cyclic motion having a period of about 1.
5
seconds overlain by a spike at each peak of the motion. In order to study the mechanism of this peculiar ground response, effective stress analysis was conducted on the dense saturated sand deposit. The model used for this study was a strain space multiple mechanism model, which takes into account the effect of principal stress axis rotation. The recorded earthquake motion at a depth of 77 meters was used as the input earthquake motion for the analysis. Sampling after in-situ freezing was done in order to evaluate the properties of the sand. The results of the analysis indicated that the observed ground response was due to the effect of dilatancy of sand, which plays a significant role in the response of the dense saturated sand deposits during strong earthquake motions.
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SEISMIC STABILITY OF CEMENT TREATED GROUND BY TILTlNG AND DYNAMIC SHAKlNG TABLE TESTS

北誥昌樹, 早野公敏, 橋爪秀夫

地盤工学会論文報告集
2003年 43 巻 6 号 125-140
発行日: 2003/12/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf.43.6_125

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A series of tilting tests and shaking table tests was conducted with a geotechnical centrifuge apparatus to determine the dynamic active earth pressure of cement treated clay ground by investigating the seismic stability of cement treated clay ground having an unsupported vertical slope. In the tilting tests, the horizontal seismic inertia force was simulated statically by tilting the whole model ground in accordance with the horizontal seismic coefficient k_h. The tilted model ground was subjected to monotonically increasing centrifugal acceleration until it failed due to the enhanced selfweight. In the shaking table tests, on the other hand, the model ground was subjected to dynamic excitations under a high centrifugal acceleration field. The magnitude of the dynamic excitation was increased stepwise until the model ground failed. It was found from both test results that the model ground failed with a combination of a vertical tensile crack and a straight shear failure plane, which was much different from the failure phenomenon of sandy or clayey ground. It was also found that the conventional pseudo-static limit equilibrium method such as Mononobe-Okabe's earth pressure theory was not able to evaluate the critical height and the failure zone of the model ground accurately. Based on the model test results, a modified pseudo-static limit equilibrium method incorporating the tensile force along the crack plane was proposed in this study. In the method, the critical height and the failure zone of the cement treated ground were influenced by the strength ratio of the tensile strength to the compressive strength of the treated soil. It was found that the proposed method with a suitable strength ratio was able to predict the tilting test results with fairly high accuracy. Also, the proposed method seemed to be able to reasonably explain the shaking test results if the dynamic response acceleration of the model ground was carefully taken into account. Dynamic active earth pressure of cement treated clay ground was also discussed in which the importance of incorporating the failure pattern was emphasized.
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SEISMIC EARTH PRESSURE THEORY FOR RETAINING WALLS UNDER ANY LATERAL DISPLACEMENT

張建民, 社本康広, 時松孝次

地盤工学会論文報告集
1998年 38 巻 2 号 143-163
発行日: 1998/06/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf.38.2_143

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Based on the concept "intermediate soil wedge" which is dependent on mobilized frictional resistance, a new theory has been developed for evaluating the seismic earth pressures against retaining walls under any condition between the active and passive states. For this theory, the seismic earth pressure is separated into four components according to their formation. New equations are proposed to determine the distribution, resultant and point of application for each component. An equivalent seismic coefficient is introduced to take into account non-uniform seismic acceleration distribution with depth. The equations place special emphasis on dependence of the seismic earth pressure on mode and level of wall movement. The equations can be reduced to the Mononobe-Okabe equation for the limiting conditions. Their applicability was confirmed by comparing the predictions with a number of previous model test results.
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EVALUATION OF RESISTANCE TO LIQUEFACTION CAUSED BY EARTHQUAKES IN SANDY SOIL STABILIZED WITH QUICK-LIME CONSOLIDATED BRIQUETTE PILES

伊藤孝男, 森芳信, 浅田秋江

土質工学会論文報告集
1994年 34 巻 1 号 33-40
発行日: 1994/03/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf1972.34.33

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During earthquakes, saturated loose sandy soils often liquefy, causing serious damage to buildings and underground structures. Various construction methods have been employed to stabilize these soils against liquefaction. The popular methods are those which increase their density. Vibration and impact methods are commonly employed, but these often pose a problem of noise and vibration in urban areas. Results of previous experiments have shown that Quick Lime Consolidated Briquettes (QCB), a soil stabilizer made of quicklime and cement placed to form cylinders, significantly increases resistance to liquefaction by utilizing the effects of water absorption, swelling, and hardening. In the present study, shaking table tests were performed to evaluate the earthquake resistance of soil treated with QCB. Results of these test showed that the response acceleration and excess pore water pressure in QCB-treated soils were scarcely affected by the excitation of 200 Gals. The soil settlement due to shaking was about one tenth of that for the untreated soil, proving the effectiveness of QCB during earthquakes.
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ON THE SEISMIC DISPLACEMENT RESPONSE OF RIGID RETAINING WALLS

RAJ SIDDHARTHAN, GARY M. NORRlS

土質工学会論文報告集
1991年 31 巻 2 号 51-64
発行日: 1991/06/15
公開日: 2008/02/29

DOI https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf1972.31.2_51

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A finite element model capable of taking into account nonlinear hysteretic soil behavior is presented to study earthquake induced retaining wall movement. The model also accounts for increase in lateral stresses and settlement associated with grain slip caused by cyclic loads. The predictive capability of the proposed method is verified by comparing responses given by the model with those computed by another existing finite element model and also with responses recorded at the Cambridge centrifuge facility. The study reveals that the wall displacement can be substantially affected, among other factors, by the increase in lateral stresses due to grain slip and wall-soil friction. Care should be taken when selecting a constant value of wall-soil friction angle for the entire duration of excitation since structural changes can occur in the soil adjacent to the wall.
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Synthesis and Biological Activity of (
22
E
, 24R)- and (
22
E
, 24S)-1α, 24-Dihydroxy-
22
-dehydrovitamin
D₃

斉洋之, 高津戸秀, 池川信夫, 田中洋子, スミスコニー, デルカ F.ヘクター

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin
1984年 32 巻 10 号 3866-3872
発行日: 1984/10/25
公開日: 2008/03/31

DOI https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.32.3866

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Chemical synthesis of (
22
E
, 24R)- and (
22
E
, 24S)-1, 24-dihydroxy-
Δ²²
-vitamin
D₃
has been achieved starting with the commercially available dinorcholenic acid acetate. Synthesis involved introduction of the 1-hydroxy group by a reduction of the 1, 2-epoxide generated by epoxidation of the 1, 4, 6-trien-3-one. The side chain on the steroid was then constructed by means of a Wittig reaction followed by introduction of the Δ⁷ bond by standard methods and its protection with 1-phenyl-1, 2, 4-triazoline-3,
5
-dione. Subsequent reduction of the hydroxy groups in the steroid side chain followed by reduction of the Diels-Alder addition products yielded the both 24-isomers. The
5
, 7-dienes were irradiated and the corresponding vitamin
D
compounds isolated. Nuclear magnetic resonance was used to identify individual isomers. The (
22
E
, 24S)-1, 24-hydroxyvitamin
D₃
compound bound equally well to the chick intestinal cytosol receptor as 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin
D₃
, while the 24R-isomer was approximately ten times less active. In vivo, both isomers were less active than 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin
D₃
; however, the 24S-isomer was considerably more active than the 24R-isomer approaching the activity of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin
D₃
.
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イダルビシンを用いて寛解導入療法を行った初発急性骨髄性白血病自験例41例の解析：特にt(
8
;21)を有するM2の長期予後について

松本裕子, 森政樹, 大月哲也, 室井一男, 畠清彦, 小松則夫, 小澤敬也

臨床血液
2001年 42 巻 1 号 15-22
発行日: 2001年
公開日: 2009/07/28

DOI https://doi.org/10.11406/rinketsu.42.15

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急性骨髄性白血病(AML)の寛解導入療法において，海外の基礎および臨床研究では，IDRの有用性が数多く報告され，IDRとシタラビン(Ara-C)の組み合わせが治療戦略の主体となっている。われわれは1995年
5
月から1998年10月までの当科におけるIDRを寛解導入療法に用いた初発AML41例について，その臨床経過，寛解率，再発率，予後について検討した。その成績は当科での
92
年から95年に行った，寛解導入にDNRを用いたJALSG-AML
92
登録26例の成績とほぼ同等であった。なお前者では，従来予後良好因子とされているt(
8
;21)(q
22
;q
22
)を有する症例
5
例が全例再発し，IDRによる寛解導入療法ではこの染色体異常は予後を反映しないことが示唆されたが，CD56陽性など予後不良因子が加味していたことも疑われる。今後長期予後を期待するためには，寛解導入後の地固め療法をより強化することが必要と考えられた。
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