At low levels, enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli should be selectively isolated by suppressing competing microflora in meat samples. In conventional methods, MacConkey II Agar with -T Sorbitol (cefixime-tellurite, CT-SMAC) which utilizes the ability of

E

. coli O157 to ferment sorbitol, and media containing -specific chromogenic substrates, are used for detecting

E

. coli O157.
In this study, we compared two types of CHROMagar^TM O157 for the isolation of enterohemorrhagic

E

. coli O157 (improved CHROMagar^TM O157 and conventional CHROMagar^TM O157) with CT-SMAC by using the Miles-Misra method and evaluating the recovers from ground beef and human fecal samples. The results obtained are described below:
1. In the inoculation test with three media by the Miles-Misra method, improved CHROMagar^TM O157 inhibited the growth of all organisms except

E

. coli O157 better than the two other media and allowed easy differentiation from

E

. hermannii, which could not be distinguished on CT-SMAC.
2. In the

E

. coli O157 detection test for ground beef artificially inoculated with

E

. coliO157 at 1 cfu/g, the detection rate of improved CHROMagar ^TM O157 was 95%, CTSMAC 75% and conventional CHROMagar^TM O157 40%, respectively.
. In the

E

. coli O157 detection test for

E

. coli O157 positive human fecal samples, the detection rate of improved CHROMagar^TM O157 was 54.5%, CT-SMAC 50% and conventional CHROMagar^TM O157 .7%, respectively.

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留分を含む低級アルカンの酸化的脱水素反応（ODH）に対して，VあるいはV–Mg系複合酸化物触媒が高い活性を示すことが既に報告されている。そこで本稿では，V–Mg系複合酸化物触媒への，やなどの金属酸化物の添加を試み，気相酸素存在下ならびに非存在下での1-ブテン（1-）のODHに対する効果についてまとめた。を添加したV–Mg–Co触媒が気相酸素非存在下で最も高いブタ-1,-ジエン（）収率.5 %を与えた。また，気相酸素存在下での反応においても，600分間比較的高い収率17.5 %を維持した。さらに，1-と¹⁸O₂を用いたパルス反応により，触媒の格子酸素の高い反応性が気相酸素存在下においてもODHに影響を与えることが示唆された。

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Background: The pathogenesis of fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) has not been fully elucidated, but the relationship between FMS and multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS), determined by symptomatic sensitivity to common agents encountered in modern life, has been discussed.
Methods: To evaluate MCS among patients with primary FMS (pFMS) and various inflammatory diseases, the quick environment exposure and sensitivity inventory (QEESI) was examined in 124 patients: 29 with pFMS, 18 with Sjögren syndrome (SS), 13 with Behçet disease (), 33 with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 14 with systemic sclerosis (SSc), and 17 with other diseases (OD; various inflammatory diseases without FMS). Secondary FMS were found in patients with SS, 12 with , 23 with SLE, with SSc.
Results: QEESI revealed higher scores among pFMS, SS, , SLE, and SSc than OD patients. The values for Symptom Severity were 51.1±18.6 (pFMS), 32.±20. (SS), 45.5±21.2 (), 34.±. (SLE), and 25.6±14. (SSc), and were significantly higher as compared to that in OD (13.±11.1). The scores of Chemical Inhalant Intolerance were 48.1±.0 (pFMS), 27.0±26.6 (SS), 45.±23.2 (), 39.7±28.1 (SLE), and 23.±12.6 (SSc), and were significantly higher than that in OD (and 6.7±6.0). Patients with pFMS, SS, , SLE, and SSc had higher values of Other Intolerance and Life Impact than the OD patients. Among the groups, pFMS and patients had high scores. Most of the patients with had fibromyalgia symptoms. The patients with primary and secondary FMS had significantly higher scores of QEESI than patients without fibromyalgia symptoms.
Conclusion: MCS may be commonly involved in the pathogenesis of pFMS, SS, , SLE, and SSc, suggesting that chemical agent-free conditions may improve various symptoms of patients with FMS and MCS.

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Bacterial infection (i.., Streptococcus sanguinis) has been suggested to be related to pathogenesis and/or symptom of Behcet's disease (). Toll-like receptor (TLR) plays an important role in both the innate and adaptive immune systems by recognizing a component of bacterial DNA (i.., CpG-DNA). Previous studies have demonstrated that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in were associated with infectious and autoimmune/autoinflammatory diseases. In this study, we detected five SNPs with patients in a Japanese population. Allele frequency analysis of the three common SNPs (-1486: T/ (promoter region), 1174: A/G (intron 1), 2848: G/A (exon 2; Pro545Pro)) showed no statistically significant difference between the patients and the healthy controls. However, genotyping analysis revealed that the homozygous genotypes -1486CC and 1174GG were significantly more frequent in the patients compared to the healthy controls (P=0.048 and P=0.027, respectively). The homozygous diplotype distribution -G-A/-G-A was significantly more frequent in the patients compared to the healthy controls (P=0.041). For reporter gene assay, the plasmid construct carrying diplotype distribution -G/-G of the -1486T/ and 1174A/G SNPs showed significantly higher luciferase activity compared to the plasmid construct carrying diplotype distribution T-A/T-A (P=0.019). These results suggested an association of the homozygous genotypes and homozygous diplotype configuration of the SNPs with susceptibility to in the Japanese population.

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目的 :

シュアパス^TM法の HSIL で認められる, -D 状の hyperchromatic crowded cell groups (HCG) の出現頻度と細胞像, 生検組織診との一致率について検討した.

方法 : サーベックスブラシ^®を用いて採取し, ブラシ先端を専用バイアルに回収し,

シュアパス^TM法の手順に従い標本を作製した. 本研究は慈恵医大倫理委員会より承認を受けた [-189 (6366)].

成績 :

シュアパス^TM法で HSIL と評価した 250 例の平均年齢は 38.0 歳であった. 生検は 250 例中 206 例 (82.%) で実施され, 良性 (10 例), CIN1 (43 例), CIN2 (99 例), CIN (47 例) および微小浸潤扁平上皮癌 (7 例), であった. HSIL での HCG の出現頻度は 69.%であった. 生検との一致率は, 組織診が CIN2 以上で 74.%, CIN1 以上で 95.1%であった.

結論 :

シュアパス^TM法の HSIL では, 核分裂像や apoptotic body を含む -D 状の HCG が高頻度であった. その HCG は HSIL 発見の手掛かりとして重要な細胞所見であると考えられた.

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The relationship between Behçet's disease () and platelet aggregation has not sufficiently been investigated yet. Mean platelet volume (MPV) is a marker of platelet function, and the increase in MPV has been identified as an independent risk factor of recurrent vascular events. is characterized by a relapsing vasculitis of the venous as well as arterial thrombosis. However, the precise pathogenic mechanisms underlying thrombotic tendency in are not known. We hypothesized that there might be an association between thrombotic complication and MPV in these patients. Therefore, we investigated activation of platelets in patients with using a simple marker, MPV, the most accurate measure of platelet size. A total of 60 patients with and 40 age- and gender-matched controls were included. The patients were divided into subgroups based on the presence (n = ) or absence of thrombosis (n = 38) and clinically active (n = 30) or inactive (n = 30) state. MPV was higher in patients with than controls (.14 ± 0. vs. 7.48 ± 0. fl, p = 0.001). Among patients, MPV was larger in patients with thrombosis than those without thrombosis (.45 ± 1.0 vs. 7.96 ± 0.7 fl, p = 0.038). However, there was no significant difference in MPV between patients with active and inactive states. The increase in MPV is independent of the disease activity, and the presence of thrombosis is associated with higher MPV in patients. Therefore, antiplatelet therapy may be useful to prevent thrombotic complications in patients.

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Antioxidant activities of bilirubin, human serum albumin (HSA) and α-tocopherol (TOH: vitamin ) were examined in vitro. A mixture of bilirubin and retinol [5.6μmol/l albuminfree unconjugated bilirubin (Bu), 5.6μmol/l albumin-bound Bu with 33μmol/l HSA, 5.6μmol/l delta bilirubin () containing 33μmol/l HSA, 33μmol/l HSA alone, 116μmol/l TOH, and/or . μmol/l retinol] was oxidized by H₂0₂ in the presence of horseradish peroxidase, and the retinol remaining after oxidation was assayed by reversed-phase HPLC. The retinol concentration in the reaction mixture was decreased to 0.21±0.04μmol/l (5.6% of the original value) after oxidation. Albumin-bound and free Bu and protect retinol against oxidation. Antioxidant activities of these types of bilirubin (with equivalent levels of bilirubin and HSA) as expressed in percent of original retinol concentration are, in order of effectiveness: (44.%) >albumin-bound Bu (27.5%) >albumin-free Bu (11.%). Albumin-bound Bu protects retinol more than HSA (.2%) and TOH (.1%). We investigated antioxidant activities of serum bilirubin of healthy volunteers, Gilbert's disease, hemolytic jaundice and type I Crigler-Najjar syndrome. Retinol remaining after oxidation was 103.2±11.1% (mean±SD) in healthy control sera, but was 98.±6.6% in the latter unconjugated hyperbilirubinemic sera samples. Accordingly, bilirubin moiety showed an intrinsic antioxidant ability in vitro, but it might contribute less to antioxidation in patient's serum. Moreover, albumin-free Bu and may contribute less to antioxidation in normal serum, since their serum concentrations are too low to exert antioxidant activity.

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To investigate the immunological process in various thyroid disease, we measured interferon-alpha, -gamma (IFN-α,-γ), natural killer (NK) activity, and lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood of 27 patients with Basedow's disease () (M: F=: 18), with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) (2: 6), 5 with idiopathic hypothyroidism (IHT) (1: ), and normal controls ().
IFN-α, -γ levels were measured by bioassay with Dye-uptake method, and NK activity was measured by the LDH method. The mean_??_SD levels of IFN-γ in , HT, IHT, and (N=217) were 173.±88.0, 288.0±134., 120.±38.0 and 173.±88.0IU/ml, respectively. The IFN-γ level was higher in HT (p<0.05) than in controls, and lower in (p<0.02). Moreover, this IFN-γ level did not correspond with the titers of thyroid hormones; TSH, anti-microsome antibody, and anti-TSH-receptor antibody in peripheral blood. However, IFN-α levels and NK activity in the patients of every group were similar to those in controls. The ratios of lymphocyte subsets of peripheral blood were measured by cytofluorometry with monoclonal antibodies. The mean±SD levels of T cells in , HT, IHT and were 75.±7.0, 83.±7.2, 85.2±5.7, 82.±5.%, and those of B cells were 17.5±6.1, 10.±.2, .0±5., 10.±5.0%, respectively. The ratio of T cells was higher in IHT (p<0.05) and lower in (p<0.01) than in controls. However, the ratio of B cells was lower in IHT (p<0.05), and higher in (p<0.01).
Now it has been reported that the local IFN-γ plays an important role in the onset, maintenance and development of . In this study, the peripheral IFN-γ level in was low despite high levels in the thyroid gland. We speculate these paradoxical IFN-γ levels are related to auto-regulation of cytokines, or T lymphocyte impairment in autoimmune thyroid diseases.

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Let G be a nonabelian p group of order (i.., extraspecial p-group), and BG its classifying space. Then CH^*(BG) ≅ H^2*(BG) where CH^*(–) is the Chow ring over the field k = . We also compute mod(2) motivic cohomology and motivic cobordism of and .

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Murata hat seine einfache Methode für die Serodiagnose der Syphilis schon mehrmals mitgeteilt (Japan. Zeitschr. f. Dermat. u. Syphilis. . H. 11, . 23 H. 6, Zentralbl. f. Haut- u. Geschlechtskrankh. . , S. 133 usw.).
Ich habe diese Methode in 743 Fällen geprüft u. die Uebereinstimmung in 694 (93, %) mit WR. gefunden. Die Muratasche Methode fällt beim seronegativen primären Stadium und in der negativen Zeit von WR. nach der antisyphilitischen Behandlung oft positiv aus; also scheint sie empfindlicher als WR. zu sein. Sie reagiert besser im inaktiven Serum als im aktiven. Doch ist sie sowohl im hämolytischen als auch im getrübten Serum vom schwach positiven Blut schwer ablesbar, wenn sie auch dabei im stark positiven Serum leicht verständlich ist. Ich bin überzeugt davon, dass sie einfache u. gute Methode ist und der WR. gute Beihilfe leisten kann.

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1981年から1990年の間に当科を受診した，65歳未満の初回治療非ホジキンリンパ腫のうち，VEPA療法あるいはACOMEP-療法を行った66症例について臨床的検討を行った。年齢は∼64歳（中央値47.5歳），男性43例，女性23例。臨床病期はI期1例，II期6例，III期27例，IV期32例で，VEPA療法は27例にACOMEP-療法は39例に行った。予後因子としてACOMEP-療法ではPSおよびLDH値，VEPA療法ではPSおよび骨髄浸潤が重要であった。ACOMEP-療法およびVEPA療法における寛解率，再発率，寛解期間，無再発生存率（年），生存率（年）はそれぞれ54%, 29%, 2∼34カ月（中央値カ月），71%, 62%および48%, 77%, 2∼74カ月（中央値16カ月），38%, 26%であった。寛解導入療法として行ったACOMP-療法，VEPA療法のreceived dose intensityはそれぞれ0.85, 0.41で，強力な治療法によって再発率は有意に減少したが現在まで生存率に統計学的有意差はみられなかった。

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Objective Strict follow-up is recommended for branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (

-IPMNs) to avoid missing the development of high-risk stigmata (HRS) at a premalignant stage. This study explored the risk factors associated with the development of HRS during follow-up.

Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of 283 patients with

-IPMN, treated at Okayama University Hospital in Japan between January 2009 and December 2016. Only patients with imaging studies indicative of classical features of -IPMN without HRS and followed for over one year were included in the study. We performed radiological follow-up every six months and collected patients' demographic data, cyst characteristics, and clinical outcomes and used univariate logistic regression models to determine the odds of developing HRS.

Results Ten patients (

.5%) developed HRS after a median surveillance period of 55. months. The main pancreatic duct (MPD) size (5- mm) and cyst growth rate (>2.5 mm/year) were both suggested to be possible risk factors for the development of HRS [odds ratio, 14.2; 95% confidence interval (CI), .1-65.2, p=0.0006, and odds ratio, 6.1; 95% CI 1.5-25.5, p=0.014]. Regarding the number of worrisome features (WFs), the rate of HRS development was 2.0% (/199) in cases with no WF, 1.6% (1/62) in cases with single WF and .7% (5/) in cases with multiple WFs, respectively. The rate of HRS development was significantly higher in cases with multiple WFs than in the other cases (p<0.0001).

Conclusion MPD dilation, rapid cyst growth, and multiple WFs were significant risk factors for the development of HRS. In the presence of such features, it is necessary to closely follow the development of HRS and avoid missing the best opportunity to perform surgical intervention.

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エチレン-プロピレンゴムの第成分として有用な5-エチリデン-2-ノルボルネン (ENB) をCp₂TiCl₂-触媒を用いて, 1,-ブタジエン () とシクロペンタジエン (CP) から One-pot で合成することができた。ENBの収率は, 出発ジエンに対して1/450molのCp₂TiCl₂と/450molのの存在下, ベンゼン中180°, 時間の反応で最高の35%を得た (Table 2)。この収率は触媒非存在下でのとCPの Diels-Alder 反応から得られる5-ビニル-2-ノルボルネン (VNB) の収率よりわずかに高く, ENB以外の1:1付加物の収率はとCPの Diels-Alder 反応のそれとほぼ同じであった (Table 1)。Cp₂TiCl₂の量は出発ジエンに対して1/600～1/450mol加えたとき最もENBの収率が高く, Li-はその際Cp₂TiCl₂に対して倍molが最適であった。また, この触媒とVNBを反応させると, とCPのDiels-Alder 反応より緩和な条件下で定量的にENBを与えた (Table )。これらの結果より, とCPの Diels-Alder 反応によってまずVNBが形成され, 続いてCp₂TiCl₂-によってENBに異性化されることがわかった。生じたENBは

13C

-NMRより,

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体とZ体の二つの異性体からなることがわかった。endo/exo比6/

4

のVNBをベンゼン溶媒中,160°

C

, 1時間, Cp₂TiCl₂-

LiAlH₄

触媒によって異性化すると

E

/Z=6/

4

のENBを与えた。ENBへの異性化機構はまだ確かではないが, VNBは1と2のようなπ-アリル錯体を経て異性化されると考えられる (Scheme 1)。Cp₂TiCl₂-

LiAlH₄

触媒存在下における

BD

とCPの Diels-Alder 反応で生成したVNBはテトラハイドロインデン (THI) への Cope 転位とENBへの異性化が競争的に起こると考えられたが, THIへの転位速度はENBの異性化速度より著しく遅く, 触媒存在下での

BD

とCPの Diels-Alder 反応において生成したVNBはただちにENBに異性化されることが明らかとなった (Fig. 1)。

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Binding assays are widely used to study the estrogenic activity of compounds targeting the estrogen receptor (ER). The fluorescence properties of benzofurazan (

), an environmentally sensitive fluorophore, are affected by solvent polarity. In this study, we synthesized -labeled estradiol (2) derivatives hoping to develop a fluorescent ligand to be used in ER binding assays, without the separation of free- from bound-ligand. Three fluorescent ligands with a skeleton were obtained and their fluorescence properties were investigated. Analysis of the fluorescent ligands and human recombinant ERα (hr-ERα) interactions revealed that the fluorescence intensity increased in hydrophobic environments, such as the receptor-binding site. In saturation binding assays, ABD-2 derivative showed positive cooperative binding, and its dissociation constant (K_d) and Hill coefficient were 23. nM and 1.34, respectively. The estrogenic compounds affinity, assessed by competitive binding assays was well correlated with the results obtained by conventional studies, using the fluorescence polarization method. Overall, the developed assay using -labeled ligands was a simple, rapid, and reliable method for the evaluation of ER binding affinity.

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Respiratory heat loss (RHL) were measured under thermal neutral helium-oxygen hyperbaric conditions until 101 bar on 2 cats and RHL was measured under atmospheric air andhyperbaric helium-oxygen conditions of 91 bar with variation of the inspired gas temperature(ambient temperature) on cats.In spite of under thermal neutral zone, respiratory heat loss increased at high ambientpressure causing mainly by the augmentation of respiratory convective heat loss.The ratio of respiratory heat loss to metabolic heat production elevated from 10% at atmospheric air to 30∼35% at hyperbaric helium-oxygen (30∼35 bar), and under ambient pressure abcve 30∼40 barthi sratio is nearly constant 30∼35%.Helium-oxygen hyperbaric condition of 91 bar, the respiratory heat loss remarkablyincreased at cold environment and their ratio to metabolic heat production was 70∼80% at30° inspired gas temperature (ambient temperature).If the relation between this ratio andinspired gas temperature were extrapolated to temperature of 27∼28°, all heat producted bymetabolism is lossed by only respiration, in spite of increase of metabolic heat production atcold environment.Under low ambient temperature of helium-oxygen hyperbaric condition, the penetration ofcold inspired gas in the body core probably give the important influences on physiologicalfunctions.

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Chemical properties of ergosta-, 6, (14), -tetraen--one (1) were investigated. Though 1 is rather stable to acids or bases, it reacts easily with two moleculres of oxygen on irradiation with UV light to give 6α, -epidioxy-14α-hydroperoxyergosta-, 7, -trien--one (2), which is transformed successively to 6α, 7α;, -diepoxy-14α-hydroperoxyergosta-, -dien--one () and 14α-hydroperoxy--hydroxyergosta-, 7, -triene-, 6-dione () under these reaction conditions.

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