Repetitive liquefactions in angular and subangular gravels from an alluvial fan, in the case of two earthquakes with accelerations lower than that of a former which had caused liquefaction some months before, are described. The liquefaction took place from the surface, down to a depth of approximately 10 m. Water laden with sediments spouted out for some tens of minutes after the strong motion ceased. Knowledge of the grain size distribution of the sediments inside the body of the alluvial fan roughly defines the areas of the fan prone to future liquefaction. Non-repetitive liquefaction in overconsolidated fine fluvio-lacustrine sand of glacial origin at the unusual depth of 14 m to 16 m is also described. From the observation of sand lifted up for 10 m inside a large diameter well, and of that which spouted out from several microvents, it was estimated that extra-pore pressure was close to lithostatic conditions. Nevertheless, modeling of intrinsic pore pressure buildup on the DESRA2 programme gives lower values than the experimental one. Geotechnical characteristics of the 12 m-thick sandy stratum indicate that the upper part is unusually soft, either due to water circulation or past repetitive liquefactions which prevented reconsolidation. It is suggested that excess pore pressure generated by the earthquake was also due to redistribution of pressure from adjacent sediments.

抄録全体を表示

Thirty-six patients (19 males, 17 females: atypical schizophrenia; 3, typical schizophrenia; , depression; 11, neurosis and other psychiatric disorders; ) were operated on according to orbitoventromedial undercutting by Hirose. In all cases, the Rorschach test was carried out and daily behaviors were studied. Thirty-one scales of the test were subjected to multivariate analysis whereas the behaviors were evaluated according to the following criteria, i.., A: recovered or symptom free, : markedly improved, : moderately improved, : slightly improved and : not improved. The following results were obtained.
1) The evaluation of behaviors is as follows. A: 12 cases, : , : , : , : none.
2) It was found that scores of F+106% and R+106% scales were significantly higher after the operation than before; that correlation coefficients between the scores before and after the operation were considerably high.
3) Factor analysis followed by varimax rotation was carried out. Six factors were extracted, i.., (F1) sensitivity to emotional stimuli, (F2) ego-strength, (F3) obsessional rigidity, (F) reaction time, (F) anxiety and tension and (F) empathy. It was revealed that F2 was high in atypical schizophrenia, depression and neurosis, and that F2 and F were significantly different in terms of the factor scores among the four groups A, , and ; F2 was highest in A, and lowest in regardless of whether it was before or after the operation. F showed high scores in both A and , and low in .
) Multiple discriminant analysis was applied to the data of the Rorschach test before the operation, by classifying 36 subjects into the four groups A, , and . As a result, high rates of correct diagnosis were obtained, i.., 100% for A, 78% for , 56% for and 100% for . When the groups and were combined into one group (+) the highest percentage (100%) was seen in A, followed by (%) and + group (%). When the groups A and were combined into one group (A+), the percentages of correct diagnosis were 81% for A+, and 93% for +.
In conclusion, it can be said that scales of the Rorschach test have been proved to be valid for predicting mental and physical states after the orbito-ventromedial undercutting.

抄録全体を表示

 The stability of

‒tetrahydrocannabinol acetate (‒THC‒OAc) and ‒tetrahydrocannabinol acetate (‒THC‒OAc) in -liquid during storage was investigated. ‒THC‒OAc liquids in cartridges were stored at 80℃ or 30℃ for 28 days. The relative concentrations of cannabinoids in the liquids were measured by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. ‒THC‒OAc decreased during storage at either temperature. ‒THC, a minor impurity, also decreased. ‒THC‒OAc liquid in a cartridge was stored at 80℃ for 57 days. The concentration of ‒THC‒OAc and ‒THC, a minor impurity, did not change during that time. Cannabinol acetate increased in all liquids, and unknown products were also detected by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The ‒THC‒OAc and ‒THC‒OAc liquids were subjected to GC/MS to detect representative diluents, glycerol, propylene glycol, and polyethylene glycol 400, but none of these were detected.

抄録全体を表示

Two new partially saturated tricyclic ring systems, , a, 7, , , 10, 10a, 11-octahydro-11-oxodibenz [, ] oxepins (3a and 3), and -thiepins (a and ) were synthesized. Compounds a and were desulfurized to give a pair of isomeric 2-methylbenzoylcyclohexanes (10a and 10). Deuterated a and (11a and 11) were prepared starting from butadiene- (12). The stereochemical features of 3a (trans), 3 (cis), a (trans) and (cis) are compared with those of 10a, 10, 11a and 11 on the basis of proton nuclear magnetic resonance data.

抄録全体を表示

Low molecular weight glutenin subunits are important components of wheat storage proteins, which play an important role in determining end-use quality of common wheat. A newly established matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) procedure was used to analyze 478 landraces of bread wheat collected from the Yangtze-River region in China. Results indicated that 17 alleles at three loci: Glu-A3, Glu-

and Glu- were identified, resulting in different allele combinations. Of the 17 alleles detected at all the Glu-3 loci, five belonged to Glu-A3, seven to Glu- and five to Glu- locus. MALDI-TOF-MS indicated Glu-A3a/ was present in 72.%, Glu- in .%, Glu- in .%, Glu-A3f in .2% and Glu- in 3.% lines. Seven types of alleles were identified at the Glu- locus: Glu-

B

3

d

/i (25.%), Glu- (21.3%), Glu- (16.%), Glu- (13.%), Glu- (.%), Glu- (.2%), and Glu- (.2%). Five types of Glu- alleles were detected: Glu- (58.%), Glu- (.%), Glu- (15.%), Glu- (3.3%) and Glu- (0.2%). Four new alleles that showed abnormal MALDI-TOF spectrum patterns were identified at the Glu-A3 and Glu- loci. A detailed study is needed to further characterize these alleles and their potential usage for wheat improvement.

抄録全体を表示

 We examined the stability of

-tetrahydrocannabinol acetate (-THC-OAc) and -tetrahydrocannabinol acetate (-THC-OAc) in -liquid products. Eight samples were heated at 30℃ for 28 days and one of them was heated at 70℃ for 2, , , 10, and 15 days. Residual ratios of -THC-OAc and -THC-OAc were evaluated by gas chromatography with flame ion detection and their degradation products were examined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Some samples were tested for solubility in hexane and were submitted to GC/MS analysis to detect propylene glycol and glycerol. After a 28-day incubation at 30℃, -THC-OAc was slightly decomposed (residual ratio: 84.–94.2%) but -THC-OAc was almost stable (residual ratio: 95.2–108.%). Heating at 70℃ decomposed not only -THC-OAc but also -THC-OAc. The decomposition proceeded rapidly in the initial 2 days then slowly until 15 days later. The degradation products, four putative one-oxygen-atom adducts and cannabinol, were detected but deacetylated products (-tetrahydrocannabinol and -tetrahydrocannabinol) were not detected. All the samples tested were completely dissolved in hexane differently from propylene glycol and glycerol. Propylene glycol and glycerol were not detected from the samples completely dissolved in hexane. This study indicated that deacetylation of -THC-OAc and -THC-OAc did not proceed when the sample did not contain propylene glycol and glycerol.

抄録全体を表示

Background

The differences in conditions of enteric-coated acid-labile drug release and absorption between healthy subjects in bioequivalence studies and gastrointestinal patients in clinical practice can lead to significant differences in gastric stability of original PPIs and generics. Thus, pathologic duodenogastric reflux (PDGR) and the pH increasing within PPIs administration still remain unaccounted for.

Methods

Two-stage modified comparative dissolution testing of original omeprazole (OO) and four generics (G1;2;3;

) was performed. At first, we moved drugs from solution with pH 1.2 (1.2±0.05) to pH 7.0 (7.0±0.05) and measure concentration of omeprazole in solution by high-performance liquid chromatography. According to our self-developed formula, pH 7 exposure time of resistance to PDGR for omeprazole is minutes, i.. the active substance should not be released within minutes at pH 7. The exposure at the second stage was conducted with pH (.0±0.05), that imitated gastric pH after PPI administration. And then we also moved drugs to pH 7 with the subsequent measurement of omeprazole concentration.

Results

Omeprazole concentrations after

, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45, 60 minutes in pH 7 solution at the first stage were different for OO and generics. For OO, these values were ,7±0,7%; 41,±3,0%; 62,±,0%; 79,±2,%; 83,±2,%; 81,±2,%; 80,±,%; for Generic1 - 0; 49,3±,%; , ±2,%; 90,±3,7%; , 2±2,2%; ,3±2,0%; 85,±1,1%; for Generic2 - 0; 30,±,3%; 66,7±,2%; 76,±7,%; 82,±,3%; 86,0±3,7%; 84,±3,3%: for Generic3 - 80,±3,%; 83,±1,%; 83, ±3,2%; 83,3±2,7%; 81,±2,1%; 82,1±2,0%; 82,0±2,%; for Generic - 82,±1,7%; 84,±0,%; 84,2±1,2%; 82, ±0,%; 82,±0,%; 82,±0,%; 82,±1,1%, respectively.

An analysis of the omeprazole concentration in pH 7 solution at the second stage revealed the following parameters after the same time: for OO -

,±0,%; 40, ±3,0%; 62,±2,0%; 80,0±3,1%; 85,±2,%; 82,±3,%; 80,±3,%; for Generic1 - 0; 67,0±7,%; ,7±2,3%; 91, ±,3%; ,1±1,%; ,3±1,%; ,±1,2%; for Generic2 - 0; 42,2±,%; 75,1±7,3%; 81,0±,0%; ,±3,2%; , ±1,3%; ,±1,0%; for Generic - 85,±0,%; 85,±0,%; 84,7±0,%; 82,7±3,0%; 84,±0,3%; 84,±0,3%; 84,3±0,%, respectively. Generic3 release and degradation were completely realized at pH .

Conclusion

Decreased gastric stability of Generic3 and Generic

makes PDGR and inhibited gastric acid secretion due to PPIs administration the potential causes of decreased enteric-coated acid-labile drugs stability.

抄録全体を表示

In order to elucidate the typhoid and paratyphoid phage type distributions in Japan, during the period of 1956-1965, a total of 1, 808 typhoid cases from 1, 002 foci and 114 paratyphoid cases from foci were submitted for phage typing of their infected organisms, and the following results were obtained.
1. The typhoid strains tested fell into at least 30 Vi-phage types. The sequence of frequency as counted by foci was as follows : types 2 (20%), M1 (13%), 1 (12%), A (7.%), N+1 (7.%), 1 (2.%), (2.%), 2 (2.7%), 39 (1.%), H (1.1%), J1 and 46 (0.80%) ; , L1 and 41 (0.50%) ; 1, 3, , , 10, 2, , , L2, T, 28, 29, 36, 38 and 47 (less than 0.50%) . Distri-bution of typhoid Vi-phage types in Japan was characteristic of preponderance of types 2 and M1.
2. Of the foci studied, .3% could not be assigned that their causative organisms belonged to any hitherto recognized Vi-phage type.
3. The prevalent typhoid Vi-phage types, 2, M1, 1, A and N+1 were evenly encountered throughout the last ten years and distributed among almost throughout the country.
. Some of the rearly recognized typhoid Vi-phage types were indigenous to the relatively limited areas.
. Three new Vi-phage types, 39, 41 and 47 were identified.
. Paratyphoid phage types encountered were as follows: Types 3a (49%), 1 (33%), 3 (.7%), Dundee (2.3%), 3aI (1.1%) and Beccles (1.1%) . The remainders could not he assigned to any known type.

抄録全体を表示

A new analytical method is proposed for determining the inextensible grid reinforcement pullout resistance and pullout force/pullout displacement curve by using basic backfill soil and grid reinforcement properties. The pullout skin friction resistance/pullout displacement relationship is simulated by linear elastic-perfectly plastic model. A hyperbolic model has been proposed to represent the pullout bearing resistance/pullout displacement relationship in which the maximum bearing resistance of a single bearing member is determined using a new bearing capacity equation proposed in this paper. The influences of the grid bearing member spacing ratio, S/, the bearing member deflection rigidity, and the pullout softening behavior on the mobilization of pullout bearing resistance are explicitly included in the proposed model. Good agreement has been obtained between calculated values and laboratory test results.

抄録全体を表示

11-Amino-, a, 7, , , 10, 10a, 11-octahydrodibebenzo[, ]thiepines (a-) and -oxepines (7a-) were synthesized by the Leuckart reaction of , a, 7, , , 10, 10a, 11-octahydro-11-oxodibenzo[, ]thiepines (1a, )and -oxepines (2a, ) followed by hydrolysis of the reaction products a- and a-, respectively. The four diastereomers, cis(a-H, 10a-H)-cis(10a-H, 11-H) a and 7a, cis(a-H, 10a-H)-trans(10a-H, 11-H) and 7, trans(a-H, 10a-H)-trans(10a-H, 11a-H) and 7, and trans(a-H, 10a-H)-cis(10a-H, 11-H) and 7, were isolated and their configurations and conformations were elucidated by chemical methods together with ¹H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic analyses.

抄録全体を表示

A sample of [³H] tobrarnycin (, 000 Ci/Mole) has been synthetized and incubated with
the bacterial ribosome and its subunits. The results obtained show that this antibiotic has
two types of binding sites. The primary one is probably responsible for the inhibition of
protein synthesis whereas the secondary one is probably related to the misreading and reading
tiirough of the messenger RNA.

抄録全体を表示

Macroscopic, roentogenological and statistical examinations of 106 cases (151 teeth) with the retained deciduous late in life, from 14 to 47 in age, were conducted. At the same time, histological examinations were made of a portion of the retained deciduous teeth by making section preparations after extractions. Furthermore, a statistical analysis was made of the materials on a total of 899 cases with 1, 756 teeth : 793 cases with 1, 605 teeth of the retained deciduous teeth in the Japanese collected to date since 1919 by the Department plus those by the author. The relations between missing of the permanent successors related to the retained deciduous teeth and resorption of the deciduous teeth root, and the relations to the terminal reduction of tooth were discussed. The results were as followes : I. On the 106 cases (151 teeth) 1. Frequency of appearance by the kind of tooth : As reported by the others, the second deciduous molars (hereinafter called ) showed the highest frequency (52%), followed by the deciduous cainine (24%, called ) and the deciduous central incisor (11%, called A). Both the deciduous lateral incisor (called ) and the first deciduous molar (called ) showed about the same with less than 10%. By the jaw, A and had a tendency to appear more in the mandible, and and in the maxilla. 2. Case distribution by age : The late teens and the first half of the twenties showed the highest frequency and accounted for 70%. There were 3 cases in the forties. 3. Cases by the number of teeth : The cases of one-tooth were the highest with 67 cases (63%), two-teeth cases 34 (32%). Of the latter, 33 cases were of horizontally symmetrical cases. Of these, the most frequent was (mandible) followed by A (mandible) and (maxilla). . The retained deciduous teeth on the whole were implanted solidly. The incisal edge or the occlusal surface showed rather extensive attrition. Among the deciduous molars, amalgam fillings, inlays, onlays and metal crowns mounted were observed. . In the roentogenograms, the dental germs of the permanent successors under all the deciduous teeth were missing. Resorpted roots were comparatively few. . Observation of the section preparations revealed minute resorpted lacunae, not distinguishable in the roentogenograms, scattered on the whole surface of the root. II. On the materials on a total of 899 cases (1756 teeth) 1. Frequency of appearance by the kind of tooth : showed the highest frequency with 48.%, followed by (24.2%), (.%), A and (.%). By the jaw, the orders were , , , and A in the maxilla, and , A, , and in the mandible. By the sex, was predominant in the maxilla for the female. 2. Case distribution by the age : The highest frequency was in the range from the late teens to the first half of the twenties, accounting for 64%. There were 24 cases (2.%) in the range from the forties to as high as 75 years of age. 3. Cases by the number of teeth : The cases of one-tooth case were the highest with 537 cases (64%). Two-teeth cases were 181 cases (%). Of the latter, 140 cases were symmetrical either horizontally or vertically. By the teeth, was the highest, followed by and A. The cases with seven-teeth to all the deciduous (20 teeth) numbered 24. . Of the 1, 186 teeth subjected to roentogenological examinations, there were 1, 058 teeth (%) with the permanent successors missing and teeth (7%) with the permanent successor coexisting.

抄録全体を表示

The Beckmann rearrangement of aliphatic ketone oximes, R(CHs)=NOH (R=Et (1); n-Pr (2); iso-Pr (3); iso-Bu ()), with polyphosphoric acid (PPA), polyphosphate ester (PPE), and ester of phosphoric acid (2 P- R) was carried out and migratory ratios ((a)/() in eq. (1)) were determined, The results are shown in Fig.1, 2, and 3, respectively.
In Fig.1 and 2, the migratory ratios decrease with reaction time and nearly approach to the ratios of anti-alkyl form/syn-alkylform in benzene(A1) or DMSO(A2)except for (3) (See Table 1). From this fact, it has been found that PPA and PPE are inactive for isomerization of the oximes andanti-alkyl oximes rearrange faster than syn-alkyl ones. ln the case of (3), migratery ratios are smaller than Ai or A2. As acetonitrile is detected by GLC, it is presumed that fission has been occurred simultaneously with rearrangement in anti-alkyl oxime (eq. (3)). In the case of 2 P- R, all modes of the reaction arethe same as in above, except that the rate of fission is tnuch faster than that in PPA and PPE.
The reaction of anti-alkyl ketone oximes having a bulky grouphas been greatly influenced by the use of sterically demanding catalysts such asPPA, PPE, and 2 P- R.

抄録全体を表示

わが国における主要中晩生および香酸カンキツ染色体のクロモマイシンA₃ (CMA) 染色を行った. 染色体はCMA(+) バンドの有無および位置から種類に区分できた. すなわち, CMA(+) をA: 両端および動原体近傍に有する, : 一方の端部と動原体近傍に有する, : 両端に有する, : 一方の端部に有する, : CMA(+) がない, である. 各種はこれらのうち, 種類の染色体を有し, 独自のCMAバンドパターンを示した. ハッサクでは1A+1++, ヒュウガナツでは2A+2++, ‘川野なつだいだい’では1A+2+7+, ‘宮内伊予柑’では1A+1+1++7, タンカン‘垂水1号’では1A+1+1++7, カボスでは3+2++, スダチでは1+2++およびユズ‘山根’では2+1+11+であった. 以上の結果, 本研究においても近縁の種間では似通ったCMAバンドパターンが観察された.

抄録全体を表示

The correction factor (η_ie) for the ultimate bearing capacity of a footing placed adjacent to a slope, taking into account the combined effect of horizontal and vertical seismic loads, represented by horizontal and vertical seismic coefficients, k_h and k_v, respectively, was derived using a modified Janbu's slice method. The influence of slope angles ‘α’ on the values of ‘η_ie’ are studied here. It was found that the values of η_ie can be expressed as an exponential function of ‘k_h/(1-k_v)’ and ‘α’, with a measurable interdependency between ‘α’ and ‘η_ie’. The influence of ‘α’ on the value of ‘η_ie’ increases as the input value of ‘k_h/(1-k_v)’ increases. Equations derived based on the analytical results are proposed to account for this effect. Based on the analyses of 11 near-fault seismographers obtained in the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake in Taiwan, a ratio between the vertical and the horizontal seismic coefficients, λ, of between ±0.25 is suggested for including the combined effect of vertical and horizontal seismic forces in evaluating the seismic bearing capacity of footings located in near-fault areas.

抄録全体を表示

At present, analytical or empirical formula for seismic bearing capacity of footings adjacent to slopes is not available. This study uses a pseudo-static-based approach in conjunction with rigorous Janbu's slice method to derive analytical values of seismic bearing capacity factors (N_γ) and correction factors for the effects of inertia of soil mass and load inclinations for a rigid footing adjacent to cohesionless slopes. It is shown that both the bearing capacity factors (N_γ) and the correction factors for the seismic bearing capacity of footings placed on level ground derived herein are comparable with those reported in the literature. Empirical equations regarding the effects of slope angles and load inclinations, expressed using generalized forms of those proposed in the literature, are also derived. It is also found that the empirical equations derived in the present study provide values of correction factors in good agreements with the analytical ones, indicating the validity of using these empirical equations for assessing the bearing capacity of rigid footings situated on the slope subjected to pseudo-static seismic loading.

抄録全体を表示