Miyahisaite, (Sr,Ca)

2Ba₃

(

PO₄

)

3F

, a new mineral of the hedyphane group in the apatite supergroup, is found in the Shimoharai mine, Oita Prefecture, Japan. Miyahisaite is colorless and occurs as a pseudomorphic aggregate (up to about 100 μm in size) along with fluorapatite in the quartz matrix in a namansilite-rich layer of the chert. Its hardness is 5 on the Mohs scale, and its calculated density is

4

.511 g/

cm³

. The empirical formula of miyahisaite is (Sr_1.366Ca_0.717)

Σ2.083Ba_2.911P_3.002O₁₂

(

F_0.898OH_0.088Cl_0.014

)_Σ1.00, which is representatively shown as (Sr,Ca)

2Ba₃

(

PO₄

)

3F

. Its simplified ideal formula is written as

Sr₂Ba₃

(

PO₄

)

3F

, which requires 23.25 wt% SrO, 51.62 wt% BaO, 23.89 wt% P₂O₅, 2.13 wt%

F

, and -0.90 wt%

F

= O, for a total of 100.00 wt%. The mineral is hexagonal with a space group P6₃/m, unit cell parameters a =

9

.921 (2) Å, c = 7.469 (

3

) Å, and V = 636.7 (

3

)

ų

, and Z = 2. The eight strongest lines in the powder XRD pattern [d (Å), (I/I₀), hkl] are

3

.427 (16) 102,

3

.248 (

22

) 120, 2.981 (100) 121, 2.865 (21) 300, 1.976 (23) 123, 1.874 (16) 140, 1.870 (15) 004, and 1.864 (17) 402. The mineral was formed by the reaction between fluorapatite and the

Ba

-bearing fluid that produced the aegirine-rich layer with hydrous

Ba

-rich minerals during the late-stage activity.

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Growth hormone (GH) secreted from the pituitary is essential for postnatal growth in animals. GH exerts its actions by a direct effect on target organs and by stimulating insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) production. In the human pituitary, there is a naturally occurring variant protein which has a molecular mass of 20kDa (20K hGH) besides the major kDa hGH (K hGH), but the physiological actions of 20K hGH are still poorly understood. In this study we have examined its effects on the IGF-I mRNA expression in the pro B-cell line / cells stably expressing hGH receptor (/-hGHR). /-hGHR cells were incubated for 2h with a series of various concentrations (10pM-10nM) of 20K or K hGH. The IGF-I mRNA expression in the /-hGHR cells was detected by the RT-PCR method. IGF-I gene expression was increased by 20K and K hGH stimulation, but not by PRL or IL- in the /-hGHR. And this effect was not observed in parental / cells. Lower concentrations of 20K hGH more strongly induced IGF-I gene expression than K-hGH. These results suggest that 20K and K hGH stimulate the IGF-I gene expression in the /-hGHR through hGH receptors, and that the stronger effect of 20K hGH than that of K hGH in enhancing the IGF-I gene expression may be correlated with a 20K hGH specific receptor dimerization mechanism.

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This study is to develop the system that integrated building automation and office automation in the building by using Internet Protocol. This paper reports the concept of the integrative system and the outline of the communication protocol, the application that developed. Moreover, it reports on the pilot model of this system.

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Photocatalytic sterilization of Escherichia coli cells with TiO₂ particles is examined using a rectangular bubble-column reactor irradiated with three kinds of artificial light sources. The three types of used lamps were a black light fluorescent (BL-) lamp, a blue actinic fluorescent (-) lamp and a daylight fluorescent (DL-) lamp. Under the conditions of TiO₂ concentration of 1 × 10^–2 kg/ and initial cell concentration of 1 × 10¹¹ cells/, average light intensities in the reactor were varied in the range of 0 to W/m², 0 to 14 W/m² and 0 to 1.1 W/m² with the BL-, - and DL- lamps, respectively. The apparent sterilization rate constants of

E

. coli cells for these lamps are determined on the basis of a series-event model, and are compared with those obtained in experiments with a high pressure mercury lamp. Irrespective of the examined lamps, the rate constants can be correlated with the light quantities absorbed by TiO₂ slurry, which are evaluated by taking into account both the dependency of absorbance of TiO₂ slurry on light wavelengths and the spectral distributions of light rays from the respective lamps. From the results obtained in experiments using the artificial light sources, the sterilization rate constants of

E

. coli under the sunlight can be predicted. The experimental data are in good agreement with the predicted results in the reactor illuminated with sunlight at average light intensities of 14 and 23 W/m².

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This paper presents a review for the crystallization of nonlinear optical crystals such as LaBGeO₅, , fresnoite-type and several langasite-type crystals in glasses and for the second order optical nonlinearities of those crystals. In this study, transparent surface crystallized glasses consisting of LaBGeO₅, and crystals were successfully fabricated from the corresponding glasses. Second order nonlinear optical coefficients, d₃₃, were evaluated by Maker fringe technique for those surface crystallized glasses. As a result, it was demonstrated that the and the crystals indicated large d₃₃ values, i.., – 1. pm/V and – pm/V, respectively. In particular, d₃₃ of the crystal is comparable to that of single crystal. Moreover, we confirmed for the first time that the langasite-type crystals, which are promising materials for SAW device, are formed by crystallization in the corresponding glasses.

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A high performance liquid chromatographic method for the simultaneous determination of the cyanogenic glycosides, i. ., amygdalin (AM) and prunasin (PR), and their degradation products, i. ., benzaldehyde (BAL) and benzoic acid (), in processed foods containing ume (Japanese apricot Prunus mume Sieb et Zucc.) was developed.
The sample was extracted with 0.05M citric acid solution and cleaned up by use of a Seppak C₁₈ cartridge. The extract was chromatographed on a Capcell Pak C₁₈ SG120 column with acetonitrile-water-0.2M phosphate buffer, pH .0 (16: 79: 5). Detection was achieved with a UV monitor set at 210nm. The peaks corresponding to AM and PR were confirmed by examination of the effect of emulsin treatment.
The recoveries from ume extract, umeboshi (dried and salted ume), umeshu (Japanese apricot wine) and ume jam fortified with AM, PR, BAL and at levels of 40-100μg/g each were 86.-100.6% (C. V. .7-7.7%) for AM, 69.-105.% (0.-.2%) for PR, 71.-85.0% (1.8-2.6%) for BAL and 82.7-99.1% (0.8-.8%) for , except for AM in the ume extract and the umeboshi. AM in ume extract and umeboshi could not be determined owing to interference by contaminants.
The determination limits were 10μg/g for AM, 2μg/g for PR, and 1μg/g for BAL and , respectively.

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Blue-light excitable, green-light emitting (Sc_1−xHo_x)

4O₉

phosphors were successfully synthesized in the single-phase form by a melt synthesis method for the first time. These phosphors show sharp green light emission under blue light (455 nm) excitation. The principal green light emission peak observed at 555 nm corresponds to the transition from

5F₄

and ⁵S₂ to the ⁵I₈ energy level of

Ho³

+.

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Protoplasts were isolated from embryogenic calluses of Muscari armeniacum ‘Blue Pearl’, which had been subcultured for years. Protoplasts started to divide after 5–7 days of culture, and colonies consisting of 50–100 cells were produced after one month. The highest plating efficiency (10.%) was obtained by using a medium containing 5. µM NAA and . µM , 0.5 M glucose and 2 g l⁻¹ gellan gum. Protoplast-derived calluses produced somatic embryos at frequencies of .–89.6% on media containing 0 or 0.54 µM NAA in combination with 0, ., or 44 µM , but few embryos converted into plantlets. On the other hand, over 35% of the calluses produced adventitious shoots on media containing . µM or 0.54 µM NAA in combination with 44 µM , and some of these shoots developed into plantlets following transfer to a medium without PGRs.

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Chemical properties of ergosta-, 6, 8(14), -tetraen--one (1) were investigated. Though 1 is rather stable to acids or bases, it reacts easily with two moleculres of oxygen on irradiation with UV light to give 6α, -epidioxy-14α-hydroperoxyergosta-, 7, -trien--one (2), which is transformed successively to 6α, 7α;8α, -diepoxy-14α-hydroperoxyergosta-, -dien--one () and 14α-hydroperoxy--hydroxyergosta-, 7, -triene-, 6-dione () under these reaction conditions.

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Corrosion protective property of various ferrite paint films was investigated from a viewpoint of the chemical property (measurement of distribution of basic strength on the surface of pigment) of the ferrite pigment (, M=Mg, Ca, Sr, , Fe, Zn) and its interaction (impedance measurement, IR spectra, and thermal analysis) with silicone resin binder. As for each of the pigments, the steel plate electrode coated with the paint of :2 showed the largest film resistance (R_f) and the smallest film capacitance (C_f). In particular, paint films of any mixture ratio showed the difference in the corrosion protective property even at the initial stage after immersion. The values of C_f for :1 of Mg, Sr, :2 of Sr, , Fe, and : of ferrite paint films were smaller than that of blank, i. . C_f=10-

9F

/cm². Therefore, these paint films are believed to intercept well the permeation of water into itself. IR and thermal analysis of paints revealed that the addition of pigments clearly leads to the decrease of silanol group in binder. Thus, it was concluded that the crosslinkability of silicone resin proceeded and the result was effectively responsible for the anti-permeability of water into the films. From the measurement of basicity, mol number of all of the basic centers of pigment situated in these paint films was 1-2mmol (H₀>+1.5). The corrosion protective property of paint film was found to be governed by the mol number of basicity center in paint film.

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The distribution of Chlamydia trachomatis serovars in Thailand and Japan during the same period of the mid-90s was determined. Seventy-one C. trachomatis specimens isolated from female patients who visited the Venereal Diseases Center at Bangkok, Thailand in 1994 were used in this study. Of these, 56 patients were prostitutes. Forty-seven specimens obtained from female non-prostitutes who attended the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saitama Medical School, Japan during the period from 1993 to 1995 were also used in this study. DNA was extracted from these specimens and typing of C. trachomatis serovars was performed by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. The identified serovars among prostitutes of Thailand (n = 56) /non-prostitutes of Thailand (n = 15) /non-prostitutes of Japan (n = 47) were as follows:

1/0/2, D 8/1/15, 11/2/8, 16//8, G /0/7, H /2/, I 1/0/1, J /0/0, and K 10/1/. Serovar was most prevalent (35.2%) in both prostitutes and non-prostitutes from Thailand, followed by serovar (18.%). On the other hand, serovar D was the most frequent serovar in non-prostitutes in Japan (31.%) followed by serovars (17.0%) and (17.0%). A difference in the distribution of C. trachomatis serovars of Thailand and Japan was noted.

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【緒言】演者らは，種々の酸窒化ケイ素バリウムの合成条件と，付活剤を加えた時の蛍光特性を調べている。最近，Liら1)は，(Sr_1-xCa_x)₂Si₅N₈:Eu²⁺においてxを0から0.6まで変化させると，発光波長が620から642 nmまでシフトしたことを報告した。そこで，本研究では1種類のサイト(6個のN原子が配位)を有するBaSi₆ON₈と，NとO原子の配位状態が異なる種類のサイトを有するの+付活による蛍光特性の違いを調べ，さらにサイトをCa²⁺やSr²⁺で置換した場合にこれらの化合物の蛍光特性がどの程度変化するか検討した。
【実験】(-xM_x)Si₆ON₈: Ce+の合成: ，(M= CaまたはSr)，およびCeO₂(付活剤; .0 mol%)を(Si/( + M + Ce) = 6.0)になるように添加した。混合粉体(1.0 g)の成形体を1700ºC，2 h，N₂中で加熱して目的の化合物を得た。(-xM_x)

3Si₆O₉N₄

:

Ce³

+の合成:

BaCO₃

，

MCO₃

(M= Ca²⁺またはSr²⁺)，

Si₃N₄

およびCeO₂(付活剤;

3

.0 mol%)を(Si/(

Ba

+ M + Ce) = 2.0) になるように混合した。この混合粉体(1.0 g)の成形体を1250ºC，2 h，N₂中で加熱して目的の化合物を得た。評価：粉体の結晶相をXRDによって調べ，励起・発光スペクトルを分光蛍光光度計によって測定した。
【結果と考察】BaSi₆ON₈および

Ba₃Si₆O₉N₄

の合成条件の検討：(

Ba₁

-xM_x)Si₆ON₈のMサイトをCa²⁺やSr²⁺で置換するため，x値を0.05から0.20の範囲で変化させたところ，XRDではいずれも未知相が検出され，置換は難しいことが分かった。一方，(-xM_x)

3Si₆O₉N₄

の場合，x値を0から0.

4

の範囲で変化させたところ，XRDでは

Ba₃Si₆O₉N₄

以外の結晶相が認められず，

Ba

サイトをCa2+やSr2+で置換できることが分かった。

Ba₃Si₆O₉N₄

中の

3

つの

Ba

サイトは共有結合性の強い窒素原子だけではなく，イオン結合性の強い酸素原子が配位しており，これによって

Ba

サイトのCa²⁺置換が可能になったものと判断される。(

Ba₁

-xM_x)

3Si₆O₉N₄

:

Ce³

+の蛍光特性：MがSr²⁺の場合，xの値が0から0.

4

に増加すると，304 nmの励起波長における発光波長は409から412 nmまでシフトした。これに対して，MがCa²⁺の場合，304 nmの励起波長における発光波長は409から422 nmまで13 nmシフトした。また，(

Ba_0.6Ca_0.4

)

3Si₆O₉N₄

:

Ce³

+のYAGに対する相対発光強度は0.87であった。 以上の結果から，(

Ba₁

-xM_x)

3Si₆O₉N₄

:

Ce³

+のMサイトをCa²⁺で置換すると，発光波長は13 nm長波長側にシフトすることが分かった。 1) Y. Q. Li, et al., J. Solid State Chem., 181, 515(2008).

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with GeO₂ and was synthesized by an ordinary sintering method. Fired densities, dielectric constants and dielectric losses were measured. containing sintered at lower temperatures and containing GeO₂ showed more excellent dielectric properties than a single phase of . However, containing GeO₂ and showed no improvement in the sinterability and dielectric properties by low temperature firing. A two-step addition process, i.., separate addition of GeO₂ and before and after the calcination, respectively, was effective in reducing the firing temperature without affecting the dielectric properties. XRD (X-ray diffraction) analysis and SEM (scanning electron microscope) observation were carried out on those samples. The sintering mechanism of containing GeO₂ and/or was proposed and the relationship between the microstructures and dielectric characteristics was discussed.

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Many attentions have long been paid to the question about the reason why benz [a]-anthracene (), a very weak carcinogen, increases its carcinogenic activity to the level of the most potent carcinogenic hydrocarbons, such as benzo [a] pyrene (BP) and -methylcholanthrene (-MC), by the substitution of methyl group(s) for the "L-region" (7-and 12-positions) hydrogens, .g. 7, 12-dimethyl- (DMBA) has a higher carcinogenic activity than BP, and 7-methyl- (7-MBA) is as carcinogenic as -MC (Cavalieri, 1979; Selkirk, 1980). In addition, -MC is also an alkyl-substituted . The marked increase in carcinogenicity of aromatic hydrocarbons by a methyl substituent is observed not only with but also with other aromatic hydrocarbons, such as chrysene and anthrabene (Cavalieri, 1979; Selkirk, 1980). 5-Methylchrysene, for instance, has as highly carcinogenic activity as -MC whereas carcinogenicity of chrysese is very weak. Similarly, , 10-dimethylanthracene is carcinogenic whereas the mother compound; anthracene, is not carcinogenic (Fig. 1). Several attempts have been made to know active metabolites of DMBA in relation to epoxide formation. DMBA 5, 6-oxide has been isolated and identified as an active metabolite from a hepatic mitrosomal reaction mixture (Keysell et al., 1973). DMBA , -diol-1, 2-epokide was also strongly assumed to be an active metabolite, but has not been detected yet from the in vitro system (Jerina et al., 1978 ; Malaveille et al., 1978 ; Wislocki bt al:, 1980). These studies, however, were carried out by using liver microsomes from rats pretreated with the P-448 inducer, -MC or polychlorinated biphenyls. 8, - and 10, 11-epoxides of DMBA might also be candidates for the active metabolites since their hydrolysis products, 8, - and 10, 11-dihydrodiols, have been isolated from a rat liver microsomal system (DiGiovanni and Juchau, 1980).

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This study attempted to design a simultaneous measurement of BOLD signal and the diameter of the pupil based on the task load-dependent physiological response model to further characterize the brain activation. Seven healthy male subjects (M = 23.65) performed a digit category judgment task in the fMRI. The mean standardized diameter of pupil during the task blocks was z = 0.05 (SD = 0.76) and that during rest blocks was z = -0. ±0.85 in the low-load condition (LL). In the high-load condition (HL), the mean standardized diameter during task blocks was z = 0.40 ±0.64 and that during rest blocks was z = -0.21 ±0.73. In both conditions, significant activation was observed in the DLPFC ([] 8, , 45, 46, 47), the SPL and the IPL ([] 5, 7, 39, 40) and perisylvian fissure involving the in each hemisphere. The contrast LL against HL was detected in the SPL and the IPL in each hemisphere. In addition, significant statistical correlations were observed between the variation of diameter and the task load-dependent brain activation in bilateral MFG ([] 46) (all p < 0.001, uncorrected). Focusing on parietal areas might be useful for detecting the individual difference on working memory in the clinical setting.

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The reaction between and GeO₂ has been studied in air and in CO₂ at 800-1000°C. Several products ( , BaGeO

3

and

BaGe₄O₉

) were obtained when the mixtures of

BaCO₃

and GeO₂ were heated in air, but under the CO₂ atmosphere of 393-763mmHg,

Ba₂GeO

4

was prepared with very small amounts of

BaGeO₃

and

BaGe₄O₉

so far as

BaCO₃

was remaining in the samples.
The kinetics of the following reaction were studied under the CO₂ atmosphere of 763 mmHg.

2BaCO₃

+GeO₂=

Ba₂GeO₄

+2CO₂
The kinetic data can be expressed reasonably by the zero-order equation. There is a discontinuity in the plotting of log k against 1/T at about 830°C or 840°C for the reaction of

BaCO₃

with hexagonal GeO₂, or with tetragonal GeO₂, respectively. The values of activation energy are about 37 or 16 kcal/mol above or below 830°C, respectively, for the reaction of

BaCO₃

with hexagonal GeO₂, and 65 or

22

kcal/mol above or below 840°C, respectively, for the reaction with tetragonal GeO₂. The kinetic data are discussed in comparison with the kinetic dada for the reaction between

BaCO₃

and TiO₂ under the atmosphere of CO₂.

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