帯状疱疹に対するRo-8181の有効性, 安全性および有用性を検討するため, ヒト血清アルブミンを対照薬として, 二重盲検比較試験を行つた。皮膚症状の観察項目別の改善率では, 水疱·膿疱において投与開始後5日目でRo-8181群70%, placebo群50%で, 両群間に差(p<0.05)が認められた。皮膚症状改善度の推移を著明改善以上の症例についてみると, 投与開始後4日目の著明改善率はRo-8181群8%, placebo群0%であり, Fisherの直接計算法で両群間に差(p<0.05)が認められた。また, 投与開始後5日目の著明改善率はRo-8181群15%, placebo群3%であり, κ² 検定で両群間に差(p<0.05)が認められた。主治医による有効性の判定ではU検定でRo-8181群が優れている傾向が認められた。主治医による安全性の判定では副作用発現率がRo-8181群83%, placebo群14%であり, U検定で両群間に差(p<0.001)が認められた。主治医による有用性の判定ではU検定で両群間に差は認められなかつた。以上の結果より, 帯状疱疹に対し, Ro-8181は皮疹のうち水疱·膿疱に対して有効であり, 主治医判定でも有効性が認められたが, 安全性については本薬剤の耐薬性が示されたものの副作用の発現率が高かつたため, 有用性は高くないと考えられた。

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CTAの行政上の取り扱い、歴史、投資戦略等をまず簡単に説明する。CTAとは金融先物、オプション、スワップを対象とした取り引きに関する投資のアドバイスやサービスを個人、ファンドに提供する個人、または組織に対する金融行政上の用語で、正式名はCommodity trading advisorである。CTAという用語は投資信託、ETFを含むヘッジファンド、プライベートファンドへの投資アドバイスにも適応される。CTAs は米国連邦政府による規制対象であり Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) への登録と National Futures Association (NFA) のメンバーになることが義務付けられている。また、CTAはヘッジファンドの投資スタイルのひとつ (Global Macro) でもある。

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The Japan Society for Occupational Health (JSOH) recommends the Occupational Exposure Limits (OELs) as reference values for preventing adverse health effects on workers caused by occupational exposure to chemical substances, continuous or intermittent noise, impulsive or impact noise, heat stress, cold stress, whole-body vibration, hand-arm vibration and time-varying electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields and ultraviolet and ionizing radiation.

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As Th subsets are identified, their involvement in the pathogenesis of numerous autoimmune diseases has become apparent. In this study, we investigated differentiation of Th cells in the autoimmune thyroid diseases including Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) and Graves’ disease (GD). Besides, we also explored the involvement of Th cells in an iodine-induced autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) model (i.e., NOD.H-2^h4 mice). In HT patients, we showed the level of circulating Th cells correlated with the level of serum IL-, and was significantly higher than in GD patients and healthy control subjects. Levels of serum IL-, a major Th cell differentiation effector, were also higher in HT, and correlated with Th cells concentration. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from HT patients produced larger amounts of IL- in vitro than did those isolated from other groups. Furthermore, unlike those from GD patients, T lymphocytes from HT patients showed an enhanced differentiation in vitro into Th cells in the presence of recombinant IL- and TNF-α. In addition, levels of circulating Th cells and titers of thyroid peroxidase antibody were positively correlated in HT patients. In NOD.H-2^h4 mice, higher numbers of Th cells were observed in the spleens of the AIT group, while splenocytes of this group also produced larger amounts of IL- and IL- in vitro compared with the control. Intra-thyroid infiltrating IL-+ lymphocytes were significantly increased in mice of the AIT group compared with the control. Our results indicate that Th cells may contribute to the pathogenesis of HT.

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Intracerebral injection of vegetative myxamoebae of strains of Polysphondylium pallidum caused 80 to 100% mortality in mice, whereas a 30 to 50% mortality occurred with strains of Dictyostelium giganteum and D. mucoroides. Death is attributable to an unidentified toxic factor. Histopathologically a giant cell formation was seen in the spleen of mice. This cell was different from Langerhan's or foreign body giant cell. Rats injected intracerebrally behaved similarly. Intranasal instillation of myxamoebae in guinea pigs caused transient pneumonia. Myxamoebae do not multiply in the brain tissues of mice or rats, or in the lungs of guinea pigs.
Intranasal instillation of vegetative myxamoebae is less pathogenic than free living amoebae like Hartmanella culbertsoni, H. rhysodes, Naegleria sp. (Culbertson strain HB-1), or Naegleria aerobia.

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The nd Annual Meeting of Japan Society for Science Education (JSSE) was held on July 29-31, 1998 at Tokyo Gakugei University in western suburb of Tokyo with about 290 registrants under the main theme of "Towards Implementation of Science Curriculum for Construction of Creation and Symbiosis." Number of papers over 210 were presented in both main sessions and general presentations. There were two symposiums, one lecture, one forum, one international forum, one workshop, three sessions of themes set by the steering committee and ten sessions of themes set independently by members of JSSE in main sessions. Also, there were many other general presentations. Many papers were presented coping with the main theme. They were a lecture related to learning and creativity based on advance of brain, and many presentations related to symbiosis such as relation between in-door and out-door school activities, school based research activities such as curriculum development, and way of finding new methodology of research on classroom, consistency of curriculum through elementary to high school, pre-service teacher education, and so on. Contents of claims and discussions in every presentation in main sessions are summarized in this paper.

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A financial market is a diversified dynamical system with many constraints, and price movements are modeled in terms of the micro properties of each transactions and the macro properties of dynamical systems. These two properties must be bridged by the multiplicity. The model forcuses on the size of tick and the number of transactions with the price movement compared with the previous transctions and explains stochastic nature of short-term volatilities and persistently stable long-term volatilities as a results of unique behaviour of heterogeneous market participants.

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Background. Information about drugs is critical to empower citizens to make good health decisions. Quantity and quality of this information in the press have not always been properly analysed. This study classifies and analyses quantitatively

about drugs in the Spanish press.

Methods We conducted a content analysis of

Spanish publications, including 15 general newspapers, 4 agencies, 2 economic journals and 1 professional journal. The search was performed in the Factiva database for the period 2007-2016. Among other aspects, we analysed the texts by source, topic, institutions, companies, types of drugs and authors. In addition, we reviewed the texts about drugs published by the science agency SINC (2008-2016) to calculate the relative weight of on drugs compared to all the medicine and science .

Results In the identified

(n=170,382), we observed a huge increase from 2007 (n=12,382) to 2012 (n=,839) and a following stabilization. The main sources were Europa Press agency (n=80,495, 47.2%), EFE agency (n=16,374, 9.%), the professional newspaper Diario Medico (n=13,755, 8.1%), the regional newspaper La Voz de Galicia (n=7,920, 4.%) and national newspapers ABC (n=7.149, 4.2%) and El Pais (n=5,982, 3.5%). The most common topics in drug information were cancer (n=10,693, .3%), hepatitis (n=2,735, 2.4%) and AIDS/HIV (n=2,565, 1.5%), and the most common corporate topics were new product approvals (n=3,651, 2,1%), new products and services (n=2,346, 1.4%) and corporate crime (n=2,237, 1.3%). The most cited pharmaceutical company was the Spanish group Zeltia (n=1,262, 0.7%) and the most cited research centre, the University of Navarra (n=698, 0.4%). In SINC agency, drug (n=359) represented .0% of medical (n=5,965) and 1.% of all science (n=21,933) in 2008-2016.

Conclusions The volume of information on drugs has stabilized after a few years of growth.

agencies and professional press publish more than general and economic newspapers. The weight of this information is relatively low in relation to the rest of medical and scientific . More quantitative and qualitative studies are needed to know the real situation of information about drugs in the press.

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DiGeorge syndrome (DGA), velocardiofacial syndrome (VCFS), and conotruncal anomaly face syndrome (CTAF) are frequently associated with q11.2 deletion syndrome. We report two cases of q11.2 deletion syndrome. Two patients had cleft palate, and facial dysmorphism. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to show deletion of chromosome q11.2. Palatoplasty was performed at about two years of age with the patients under general anesthesia. The postoperative course was uneventful in both patients.

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 The spiral troughs on Mars' polar ice caps are considered as cyclic steps formed on ice due to katabatic wind. Katabatic wind is a type of density current which flows downward pulled by gravity because of the denser air cooled by the ice floor. Due to the spatial non-uniformity of solidification of water vapor included in the air onto the ice floor, and sublimation of ice into the air, the boundary waves are formed on the ice floor. We performed laboratory experiments simulating the condition that katabatic wind blows on ice. Boundary waves were formed on the ice in the case that there was a large difference in temperature between the room air and the bottom of the ice.

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We report three cases of q11.2 deletion syndrome (CATCH; cardiac defects, abnormal faces, thymic hypoplasia, cleft palate and hypocalcemia with chromosome q11.2 deletion) with various complications including hearing loss and nasopharyngeal problems. All three cases we report here had congenital cardiac defects. Two of the three cases had cleft palate, one overt and the other submucoals. Although one of the three cases had a normal hearing level, the other two were almost deaf, one with and the other without inner ear anomalies. The former case was prescribed a hearing aid, and for the latter case, cochlear implantation operation was conducted at the age of three years and seven months. Both of these patients have successfully developed communication skills.
CATCH shows a variety of phenotypes, including hearing loss and nasopharyngeal malformations, either of which may disturb speech ability and thus, furthermore, mental development of the child. However, this condition may be improved by early and adequate intervention. Thus, otolaryngologists should be familiarized with the typical facial abnormality and most frequent manifestations of this syndrome, and be ready to treat patients with q11 deletion, providing them with intensive and individualized prescription at their early stages.

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目的:現在尿路上皮腫瘍のスクリーニング法としては尿細胞診が広く用いられているが細胞異型の弱い腫瘍の場合には検出感度が低く偽陰性が問題となる. 近年開発された尿中腫瘍マーカーのNMPは, 迅速に結果が得られ早期の尿路上皮癌を確認できるとされスクリーニングに広く用いられつつある. 今回われわれは, 尿中NMP値と尿細胞診結果を組織診断および膀胱鏡検査と比較し, 今後の尿路上皮スクリーニング法について検討したので報告する.
材料および方法:2000年7月から2002年4月までに当院泌尿器科より提出された外来自然尿675例について尿細胞診およびNMP (コニカMatritech UNMPテストキットELISA法) を比較検討した.
結果:臨床的および組織学的に31例の癌 (G1: 8例G2: 19例G3: 4例) が確認された. このうちNMPでは陽性が17例, 細胞診では14例, 陰性はNMPでは14例, 細胞診では17例であった. 細胞診では明らかな偽陽性症例 (+) はみられず, 疑陽性症例 (±) 17例に対しNMPでの偽陽性数は96例であった. これらの要因として細胞診で炎症や結石などにより細胞異型を示していたものがあり, NMPでは白血球成分の多い検体で高値を示していた.
考察:今回の検討で尿細胞診では検出感度は低いが特異度が高く診断には欠かせない検査である. 一方, NMPはG1の癌検出が細胞診に比べ優れているが, 膿尿などの白血球成分の多い検体では偽陽性結果が多く細胞診結果と乖離するためNMPと尿細胞診との併用が望ましいと思われる.

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