限界集落の京都府南丹市美山町大野区では大学生の木を使ったものづくり活動（WCA）が行われている。このWCAが活動地域の住民の意識に与える影響を明らかにするため, アンケート調査と参与観察から考察した。その結果, 以下の知見を得た。１）大学生が, 大野区でのWCAや, 地域住民と交流をする機会を増やす事で, 地域住民のWCAに対する満足感を高める事ができると考えられた。２）地域住民は大学生のヒアリングによって, 大野区に関心を高めていた。地域住民が大野区に関心を高める事は, 地域の活性化や地域の持続可能性を考える上でも重要と考えられた。 ３）地域おこしに関心の高い地域住民は, 大学生との更なる交流に関心を持っていると考えられた。これは, 大学生と地域住民が交流を深める事で, 地域住民の地域活性化への関心が高まる事を期待しているためと考えられた。

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 The purpose of this study was to clarify the individual difference of participants in “Wooden Craftsmanship Activity (WCA)” based of the questionnaire to the university students. There are few study related for wooden craftsmanship including design education that searching the individual difference of each group which clarifying the effect of the activity. In this study, the influence from architectural design education through field research, planning, design, production, presentation, contribution to the local and activity of WCA which is related environment education is focused.

 WCA activity including design education developed as environment education and contributing to the local in Mountain Villages, Miyama-cho Nantan City, Kyoto. However, the education effect is different depends of the participants, the choice of the best education method is expected. And identification of individual difference is required for that.

 Following is the finding through the research.

 1) Based on the questionnaire about the effect of participating WCA, 3 components are extracted. It is “Contribution to the Local”, “Forest conservation”, and “wooden craftsmanship”. And participants are clarified into 4 group as “Local contribution”, “Craftsmanship”, “The middle”, and “Environment conservation”.

 2) The students in the group of Contribution to the local is heighten the sense of contribution to the local and environment conservation based of the various experience with positive attitude. They seize their own experience and actual feeling effect to the sense of environment conservation and action.

 3) The students in the group of design is tend to seize the area objectively. They feel communication with locals such as homestay as the way for product design include filed research and hearing reserch. It is possible to raise their forest conservation sense through the production program themed sustainable design.

 4) The students in the group of middle is deepen the though and showing the motivation through the real size production activity. However, the many of them is modest and taking the middle way.

 5) The students in the group of environment conservation may can not feel the effect because of the excessive work which is not the reason to participate to the WCA activity. They may require the program of the forest conservation and timber inderstry. And they seize the conversation with local people and friends give influence to the environment conservation and action.

 In this study, we search the identification of the participants based on the clarification of the effect of WCA. It is reveled that heighten the educational effect of the WCA the care for the various aspects are required. This study targeted the limited number of participants, but as the study related to the wooden craftmanship including design education it can be said to get some results. The comparison with the other WCA and the research with the local residents is an issue in the future.

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 While focusing on the behavior of detached housing residents in their efforts to obtain warmth by using audio-visual stimuli etc., we investigated the relationship between the mitigation of thermal discomfort and the improvement of the overall sense of comfort. This included not only physical effects, such as the perceived temperature, but also the psychological effects felt through visual and auditory sensations.

 After a study on the behavior of detached housing residents in Kyoto related to cooling, Fukusaka et al. (2014) clarified that the subjects were obtaining coolness through both physical and psychological effects. We also investigated the hypothesis that residents were expanding their tolerance of thermal discomfort through their behavior to obtain coolness actively. Based on questions relating to consciousness, values, and endurance in regard to a cold environment for the detached housing residents in Kyoto, Fukusaka and Matsubara (2016) categorized 4 groups based on 2 components: "the degree of emphasis and the sense of values regarding environmental protection, tradition and seasons, " and "the degree of endurance in regard to a cold environment."

 In this study, we studied whether or not the data obtained in Hiroshima and Aichi showed similar results, compared with those from Kyoto. The following items were clarified.

 1. This study was conducted using two principal components. First, we studied "the degree of emphasis and the sense of values regarding environmental protection, tradition and seasons," and secondly, we studied "the degree of tolerance and endurance in regard to a cold environment." The study was conducted in 3 local regions, and we confirmed the validity of the categorization in all 3 regions, Kyoto, Hiroshima and Aichi.

 2. Detached housing residents in all 3 regions were categorized in 4 groups according to the 2 principal components, and the characteristic features of the 4 groups were reviewed in regard to how they obtained warmth.

 3.Based on this study of detached housing residents in Kyoto, Hiroshima and Aichi, we consider that studies on how subjects obtain warmth will provide important clues to understanding the diversity of life in any region.

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 The authors perceive the living environment of existing houses as a complex environment entity surrounded by light, heat, sound, air, etc., while focusing on the psychological conditions of the residents and their behavior. We then devised a plan for the residents to endure heat and cold by practically using audio-visual stimuli etc. to mitigate thermal discomfort. Further, we proposed a hypothesis of this study leading to an energy-saving way of living and conducted field studies at actual households. The previous survey report regarding the season of summer revealed the residents' behavior of obtaining coolness through audio-visual stimuli etc. by means of sprinkling water, changing rugs in accordance with the season, and using glass tableware, etc., and not simply obtaining coolness from air conditioners and electric fans.
 The purpose of this research is to investigate energy conservation and the facts regarding the practical use of audio-visual stimuli etc. by studying the behavior of housing residents to obtain warmth in the winter. The authors collected the responses from residents of detached houses using a questionnaire regarding the use of heating equipment in winter, the implementation conditions, and reasons for the behavior of obtaining warmth, as well as information concerning the awareness, values, and physical constitution of the residents. The survey was conducted in the Nijojo-kita area of Kamigyo-ku in Kyoto City, where the previous summer survey was conducted. The survey was distributed to 600 households in the district and responses were received from 196 households via mail, with a collection percentage of 32.7%. The questionnaires were distributed in late March 2011 and returned in mid-April of 2011.
 The information obtained from this study can be summarized as follows:
 (1) The study revealed a diversity in the choices of the residents to obtain warmth.
 (2) The residents were classified into four groups based on questions relating to awareness, values, and physical constitution by extracting the two components: “degree of emphasis of tradition and sense of the season” and “tolerance to cold and the degree of endurance.”
 (3) Groups 2 and 3 are tolerant to cold and cope with the heat or cold by adjusting their clothing rather than the temperature. Also, by implementing the behavior of obtaining warmth from other than a heater, they tend to have reduced heater usage time.
 (4) Groups 1 and 4 placed importance on the ‘degree of emphasis of tradition and sense of the seasons’. While the groups obtain thermal warmth from a heater, they also emphasize the ‘sense of seasons’ by a warm appearance of rugs and warm colored interiors. This group implemented more behaviors of warmth from psychological and visual stimuli.
 (5) Group 1 and 4 evaluated the comfort of their residence to be high and their tolerance level of thermal comfort through psychological and visual stimuli etc. was similar to that of the summer season. These groups demonstrate energy-conserving living without being overly dependent on heaters.

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The purpose of this study is to consider the effects of “wood workshop” on students majoring in architecture. “Mokusho-juku” is the craftsmanship activities using lumbers from thinning as an environmental education at forest. We conducted a questionnaire survey on the students who participated the “wood workshop”. The main results are as follows; 1）“Relation with people” was shown as the obtained value by the “wood workshop” besides “nature” and “woods”. 2）The “communication ability with people” was suggested to be necessary.

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The purpose of this study is to discuss the effects of "Wooden Craftsmanship Activity" and environmental consideration in design exercise on the students majoring in architecture. We conducted a questionnaire survey on the students. The main results are as follows; 1) "WCA" participants mainly enjoy designing and are motivated by the sense of achievement that comes with accomplishing an assignment, and that they are proposing specific environment conscious design in design exercise. 2) "WCA" has an effect on consciousness and behavior of environment conscious life, including classes at university

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