A DNA transfection method by laser microbeam pricking has been recently reported (, S. et al. Exp. Cell Res. 162, 372 (1986)). The volume of external fluid transferred into the cell by the method was determined through the injection of diphtheria toxin fragment A (Yamaizumi, M. et al. Cell 15, 245 (1978)). Using these results and the results on laser DNA transfection efficiency (, S. et al. Exp. Cell Res. 162, 372 (1986)), the approximate number of DNA molecules necessary to transform the recipient cell was estimated.

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Molecular structural parameters such as number-average molecular weight(M_n), weight-average molecular weight(M_w), and long-chain branching frequency of low-density polyethylenes (LDPE) synthesized by an autoclave and a tubular reactor were evaluated from GPC and intrinsic viscosity data on the basis of the method developed individually by Drott and by . In Drott's procedure, the contraction factor g derived for unfractionated materials was used. On the other hand, g derived for fractionated materials was used in the 's procedure. Here g is the ratio of root-mean square radii of the branched and linear polymers with the same molecular weight. Values of M_n or M_w obtained by the two procedures were almost the same but long-chain branching frequencies evaluated by 's procedure were considerably larger than those of Drott's one. In order to evaluate which procedure would provide more adequate long-chain branching frequencies, the long-chain branching frequencies were also evaluated on the basis of ¹³C-NMR spectra and compared with those obtained by means of GPC and intrinsic viscosity measurements. However we could not obtain a definite conclusion from such a comparison. The relationships among melt index (MI), density, and molecular structural parameters were also investigated. It was found that (i) MI can be predicted from M_w and long-chain branching frequency, and (ii) the long-chain branching frequency of autoclave resins increases with decrease in their density.

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This short paper is a sequel to (2012), which focuses primarily on scrutinizing what kinds of verb are most likely to occur in what Levin and Rapoport (1988) call the "a hole" construction. (2012) also attempts to develop a template for this enigmatic construction. By reviewing a few prior relevant surveys and reexamining the 70 movie data gleaned for the above-mentioned 2012 research and a couple of additional examples, this follow-up paper brings to light a few unique behaviors of the "a hole" construction. It also compares the "a hole" construction with the "one's way" construction, both of which are considered to be constructional idioms. This academic work then puts forward a few linguistic similarities and differences found between the two seemingly kindred linguistic phenomena, and moves on to question whether we may safely regard the "a hole" construction as a bona fide constructional idiom.

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S. glycines was incubated on potato extract agar plates containing 5% sucrose for a month at 25°C. The pigment of mycelia was separated by chromatography on silica gel columns and crystallized from chloroform-methanol as red nee-dles, mp 254_??_256°C. The structure of the pig-ment was identified as that of elsinochrome A by spectral and physical data.

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Two-celled annellospores have been found for a second time; they occur in Wardomyces simplex Sugiyama, Kawasaki, and , a hyphomycete isolated from milled rice in Japan, as well as in Wardomyces dimerus by Gams in 1968. The original description of W. dimerus Gams agrees with that given for W. simplex. Three additional strains isolated from milled rice and human resected lung samples are also assigned to W. simplex.

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分岐高分子を GPC により溶離するときの溶出瞬間の高分子 (以下, 溶出高分子という) の分子構造を決めるシミュレーション方法を導出した.
理想的分離の際は, 溶出高分子の分子量分布は主として注入試料の分岐点数分布に依存する. 注入試料が統計的分岐高分子であれば, ほとんど単分散に近い分子量分布になる. また一般に高分子量側の分離が鋭くなる. 分岐点数分布が幅広くなっても, ガウス形であるかぎり, その平均値は らの提案した方法により精度よく推定できる.
軸分散を伴う分離の際は, 溶出高分子の分子量分布は極端に広い分岐点数分布や特別の分子量分布でないかぎり, 主に広がりを表す関数に支配される. 平均分岐点数の推算は, ここでも 式により正確に行える. ただし参照高分子として未知試料と類似したクロマトグラムを画く多分散の直鎖高分子を用いることが望ましい.

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Among the interesting problems concerning viscoelasticity of polymer solutions there are three subjects for the present consideration, the hydrodynamic interaction of polymer segments, the non-Newtonian viscosity and entanglement among the polymer chains.
(1) Hydrodynamic interaction: As the model of polymer chains the nondraining sphere with the same radius as the radius of gyration of a polymer chain itself seems to be inadequate, seeing that nearly the half number of the segments are located outside the supposed sphere. By adopting the concept of shielding length after the Debye-Bueche's paper, we can derive the relation between the geometrical expansion factor α and the expansion factor for the viscosity α_η such as α_η³≅α^2.43, under some conditions. The precise relation has been derived by -Yamakawa near Θ-temperature. This indicates that the partially draining model will be better for the model of polymer chains, because the experimental results support this relation.
(2) Non-Newtonian viscosity: The experiments show non-Newtonian intrinsic viscosity even at Θ-temperature. Chikahisa applied the equivalent rigid ellipsoid model after -Stockmayer-Roig's paper to this problem; in this case the non-Newtonian viscosity is due to the orientation of the ellipsoid in a shear field, and may be observed at any temperature. It is pointed out in this review that the conformation change of the chain due to micro-Brownian motion may cause further effect, and it is not easy to show which is dominant for the shear-rate dependence of viscosity.
(3) Entanglement; As soon as the concentration of the polymer solution exceeds the order of one percent, the entanglement of polymer chains becomes appreciable. Up to the concentration of the order of ten percents, perhaps a few chains entangle with each other, and make a cluster in the solution. At higher concentrations, the entanglement results in the network formation throughout the system. These situations are supported by the concentration as well as molecular weight dependences of viscosity, equilibrium compliance, dynamic modulus, Weissenberg effect, and so on.

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This paper deals with the problem of bending or vibration of a simply supported but partially clamped rectangular plate by means of the energy method. This problem was previously treated by and Hatano, but this paper covers more extensive range of the problem, though it treats an approximate method. Here the method of the equivalent distributed loads corresponding to the edge moments, which S. Levy used for solving the problem of a rectangular plate with all edges clamped, is extended in the range of its application.

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A reproducible C banding technique for Vicia faba chromosomes was developed by the combination of the modified BSG method (Tanaka and Taniguchi 1975) and the enzyme maceration and flame drying method ( and Omura 1978). In comparison with the previous reports on C banding of Vicia faba, this technique revealed clear bands in the centromeric regions of all chromosomes, besides the bands in the proximal regions of both arms and the nucleolar organizing region of M chromosome and in the interstitial regions of the long arms of S chromosomes.

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In this paper, sufficient conditions for chaos in Piecewise-linear sampled-data control systems are studied by using Shiraiwa-'s Theorem.
First, it is shown that a certain piecewise-linear discrete-time control system is chaotic if the lower-dimensional subsystem has a snapback repeller.
Secondly, it is shown that, under certain conditions, a piecewise-linear sampled-data control system with two fixed points is chaotic for any sampling period which is larger than a critical sampling period.
Finaly, a chaotic region for a second-order sampled-data control system with a dead-zone element is shown.

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Thiamine-HCl in a trimolar NaOH solution with equimolar glycine evolved H_2S and gradually precipitated a cryatalline product of mp. 115-117℃ (decomp). The release of H_2S from thiamine reached 65% of the theoretical value and the remaining thiamine was recovered to 21.8% of the initial value after 85 hours, while glycine was recovered to 96%. Thiamine can be resynthesized from the reaction-product by saturation of H_2S in its acetic acid solution. Therefore, the product seemed to be a desulfurized compound from the thiol-form of thiamine and its chemical structure will be discussed in the other report (, et al.).

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