The Japanese Forestry Society Congress Database

In the resent years, it has become an issue that increased in population of forestry technician and doesn't cut down the forests in good condition. A serious problem becomes that bamboo jungle's extension and enter to another forest. Some prefectures and cities start to cut down the bamboo jungle in good condition for break the situation. however, there is new problem outbreaks that how to dispose of the bamboo after cut down the bamboo jungles. The purpose of this paper is to find the possibility of bamboo charcoal marketing as a part of disposal method of bamboo generated by cut down the bamboo jungle's. Methods of research are consisted of an demand survey of household economy for bamboo charcoal and survey of the present condition of bamboo charcoal used as soil amendment material and water purifying. There is big unevenness of quality and price of bamboo charcoal because the market is too small. And developed the commodity used industrial waste in soil amendment and purifying water market. It is necessary to explain the basic elements such as price, quality, and effect of bamboo charcoal in order to extend the bamboo charcoal market. Especially the collecting data for the effect of bamboo charcoal is needed.

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1. IntroductionTropical forests in Indonesia have invaluable potential of medicinal plants. Not less than 1,260 species of medicinal plants are found in the forests (Zuhud and Haryanto, 1994). It has been utilized from the earliest times by various ethnic groups who live in or around forests, and ethnobotanical studies have been conducted to record these utilizations. Forest degradation and destruction caused by illegal logging, forest fire and conversion to agricultural land has threatened the forest biodiversity. Therefore, there is the necessity for understanding the situation of medicinal plants as a whole to take effective measures for protection. The objective of this study is to review the characteristics of medicinal plants in Indonesian forests based on the existing records.2. Research MethodMethod used in this study is classification of medicinal plant species into: parts of plants used, form of plants, and vertical distribution of the habitats. The database used in this study is built by the Laboratory of Plant Conservation, Faculty of Forestry, Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia based on various reports published since 1992. It contains 1,374 species from 189 families with information on vernacular names, growth-forms, habitats, parts of plant used, biochemical compounds, and the usage.3. Resultsa. Medicinal Plant Families based on parts of plant usedParts of plant utilized are categorized to: leaf, trunk, stem, root, fruit, seed, flower, sprout, whole parts, and others. The result is shown in figure 1. Leaf (55.4%), trunk (26.9%), stem (2.6%), root (26.8%), wholepart (13.2%), fruit (12.9%), seed (8.0%), flower (6.6%), sprout (0.5%), others (0.8%) and no data (0.8%). Note: As more than one part of a species are utilized, the total is 2,091Leaf is the most frequently used part. It is the place of photosynthesis process and contains various kinds of biochemical compounds including phenolics, terpenoids, sulphur compounds, and nitrogen compounds (Cotton, 1997). Leaf is also the easiest part of tree to collect, because it is available throughout the year.b. Medicinal Plant species based on forms of plantsForms of plants are classified into herb, tree, vine, bamboo, fern, and others (fungus, lichen, and etc.). The result is shown in Figure 2. Herb (25.5%), tree (51.2%), Vine (16.0%), bamboo (0.4%), fern (2.3%), others (0.6%), and no data (4.0%).c. Medicinal Plant Families based on altitudeBased on altitude, Indonesian medicinal plants grow on 0 to more than 3000 meters above sea level (masl), from sea shore to mountains. The result is shown in figure 3. 0-1000 (27.1%), 0-2000 (19.9%), 0-3000 (4.1%), 0-4000 (0.3%), 1000-2000 (0.9%), 1000-3000 (1.5%), 1000-4000 (0.2%), 2000-3000 (0.4%), 2000-4000 (0.1%), and no data (45.3%).4. DiscussionsMore than half of Indonesian medicinal plant species are trees. About 27.1% of medicinal plant species grow on 0 to 1000 masl or on lowland forest.Nowadays, forest destruction takes place most seriously in lowland forests. Erosion of biodiversity also affects the precious asset of medicinal plants in Indonesia. When a tree is felled and hauled, forest-floor vegetation around the tree is destroyed. Even more the vines and ferns, supported by the host tree are also destroyed, and some of them might have medicinal functions. ReferenceCotton, C. M. 1997. Ethnobotany: Principles and Applications. John Willey and Sons. Chichester, England.Zuhud, E. A. M. dan Haryanto. 1994. Pelestarian Pemanfaatan Keanekaragaman Tumbuhan Obat Hutan Tropika Indonesia. IPB - LATIN. Bogor.

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It has been reported that the contents of major allergens of Cryptomeria japonica pollinosis, Cry j 1 and Cry j 2, in pollen are different among trees. Therefore, it is expected that less allergen trees can be used for reducing pollinosis. However, it was found in our preliminary study that a considerable amount of Cry j 2 remains in pollen by the extraction method used in previous studies.Thus, firstly, we developed an improved Cry j 2 extraction method using 0.125 M NaHCO3 containing 0.5M NaCl.Using this method, we investigated the variation of Cry j 1 and Cry j 2 contents in pollen among 80 C. japonica plus trees. Cry j 2 content varied from 97 to 1146mcg per g pollen and Cry j 1 content varied from 191 to 1259mcg per g pollen. In addition, Cry j 1 content and Cry j 2 content showed a significant correlation coefficient at 1 % level.

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