The Japanese Forestry Society Congress Database

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We developed SSR (Simple Sequence Repeats) markers in Zelkova serrata for purposes of tree breeding and genetic resources conservation of the specie. An (AC)_n enriched genomic library of Z. serrata was constructed by the biotin/streptavidin capture technique. One hundred and twelve positive clones were sequenced, and 36 out of 112 clones were unsuitable for primer design because SSR region was located at marginal region of the sequences. For 40 out of the 76 remaining clones, primer sets were designed. Sixteen out of the 40 primer sets produced the expected DNA fragments. In this study, as to five out of 16 developed SSR markers, genetic polymorphisms revealed by the markers were characterized using a set of Z. serrata DNA samples obtained from 21 clones. The number of alleles per locus (N_a) ranged from 5 to 11, and the average was 8.8. The effective number of alleles per locus (n_e) ranged from 2.8 to 5.5 and the average was 4.7. Somewhat larger N_a/n_e ratio indicated that few alleles dominated in their allele frequency distributions. The expected heterozygosity (H_e) ranged from 0.66 to 0.84 and the average was 0.79, and showed high polymorphism of these markers. The five SSR markers was applied for clone identification of 21 Z. serrata clones, and the 21 clones were completely discriminated by the genotype information of the five markers, indicating the developed SSR markers have a high potential for clone identification, which is necessary for efficient progress of tree breeding program of the species.

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Stem inclination was measured among sugi varieties with different resistances to stem butt crookedness, to investigate the process of stem deformation between leaning by snow and standing up after snow thawing. Stem inclination was different among the varieties, but no significant correlations were found between the growth and it. The varieties, which were much stem-crooked, were much stem-inclined. Variation of the inclination in the process between leaning and standing up was also different among the varieties. These results suggested that the difference among the varieties reflected strength of stem and bearing capacity by root.

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We examined about the characteristics of stomatal responsiveness of Quercus serrata to environmental variables. As a result, Stomatal conductance was well affected by the chlorophyll concentration in leaf as well as other environmental variables (e.g. PPFD and humudity deficit).And, the dofference in responsive characteristics among seasons or tree ages is not detected.

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Genetic improvement of tolerance of woody plants to environmental abiotic stresses, such as drought, high salinity, low temperature and heat, is a promising method of approach for sustainable conservation and remediation of environment. However, molecular mechanisms by which woody plants acquire stress tolerance have not yet been understood. It is important to determine how woody plants respond to environmental stress and which molecules function in stress tolerance. Poplar, whose whole genome has been sequenced, should be the most popular as a model tree. In the present study, we have constructed a full-length enriched cDNA library from leaves of axenically grown poplar (Populus nigra var. italica) subjected to stress treatments with dehydration, high salinity, chilling, heat, ABA and H2O2. The 5' and 3' nucleotide sequences of >30,000 cDNA clones were determined. We will discuss their similarity and specificity among plant species in the light of comparative genomics.

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