2013 Volume 59 Issue 7 Pages 456-466
The platysma musculocutaneous (PLM) flap was first applied to intraoral reconstructions in 1987, and cervival island flap in 1950. These flaps are not only an alternative to microvascular flaps but they also an excellent reconstructive choice especially in cases where free tissue transfer cannot be carried out.
The platysma muscle should be considered fasciocutaneous rather than musculocutaneous. Therefore, the PLM flap should be usually be elevated with the deep adipofascial tissue under the platysma. Flap survival is threatened if elevated without the adipofascial tissue under the muscle as with a usual musculocutaneous flap.
The purpose of this review is to indicate basic technique, surgical planning, pitfalls and various risks for PLM flap and cervical island flap elevation.
