Medieval Otomo castle town site is a medieval city which was then called Funai, located on a natural embankment on the left bank of Oita River flowing into Beppu Bay at the western end of the Seto Inland Sea. In recent years, a large-scale excavation research has been conducted on this "Funai, "due to developmental projects around Oita Station. It was reported that as a result of excavation research, things are getting better known for "Funai, "that were previously only known from documents and reconstructions based on old drawings, as well as city structure and its transition and nature.
On the excavation research, chronological work was conducted on Haji type pottery excavated from "Funai"in order to set an archaeological timeline. Consequently, a rough chronology was drawn for about 300 years from the beginning of the 14th century to the end of the 16th century, and it became possible to grasp parallel relationships of archaeological features in different parts of Funai.
Also on an old drawing, there existed four streets running through Funai from south to north. These streets were named from the east as first south-north street, second south-north street, and so on, and excavation research was conducted on them. As it is suggested by names such as Kamiimachi, Shimoimachi, and Takumizamachi, excavation research at the first south-north street confirmed rectangle lots along the street, and it was proved that the area was inhabited by merchants and craftsmen. The second south-north street is the main street as it runs through "Funai"along Otomo Palace and Manju Temple. Documents remain on the plans of eastern site of Otomo Palace and western side of Manju Temple, along the street. On excavation research, not only the town plan became clear, but it also revealed the formation process. The fourth south-north street is in the western side of "Funai." One location along the street was noted as Zeus Chapel in the old drawing, and it was assumed as a Christian institution. As a result of excavation research, 13 graves were found including ones for a child and Christian, and there is a strong possibility that the site is south part of the grave reported by missionaries.
Large amounts of imported ceramics were excavated from "Funai." Especially from archaeological features at Yokokojimachi that links the first and second south-north street, imported ceramics were intensively excavated, not only imported from China and Korea, but also from southeast Asian countries such as Thailand, Myanmar, and Vietnam. It is pointed out the existence of a persnn directly related to southern China.
Excavation of medallions was mentioned as an artifact related to activities of Christians. It is highly possible that the medallion of Veronica was manufactured with weights at a building constructed on foundation stones excavated from near the intersection between the second south-north street and Myogakoji street.
Thus, "Funai" in the latter half of the 16th century existed as a unique medieval city. The remaining historical data is varied among old drawings, documents, and reports from missionaries, and the new addition of archaeological data makes it possible to draw even more multi-dimensional picture of "Funai."
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