2014 Volume 34 Issue 3 Pages 281-288
Vertebrates including primates can recognize biologically relevant stimuli for survival such as specific visual objects (predators, preys, and foods), sounds, and pheromones without learning when they encounter such stimuli for the first time, or just after birth. This suggests that the nervous system for innate recognition is genetically encoded. In primates, the extrageniculate visual system, which consists of the retina, superior colliculus, pulvinar, and amygdala (or associate cortices, etc.), is involved in innate recognition. Neurons in these brain areas have been shown to respond to face-like patterns and snake images. Response characteristics of these neurons suggest that the extrageniculate visual system is involved in coarse and rapid information processing of face and snake images for raid detection of these stimuli.