This symposium, the second in a three-year series, focused on “family strategy.” The theme of the first symposium had been “Family Strategy in an Era of Economic Recession, Aging, and Declining Birthrates”; this year dealt with child-rearing and care for the elderly. Mutsuko Tendo's paper, entitled “Child-Rearing Strategies and Invisible Control: Changes in Child-Rearing Media,” described child-rearing strategies in the modern “education-centered family.” Chizuko Ueno's paper, entitled “Family Strategy on Care: Norms, Preferences, and Resources,” concluded that family care should be distinguished from home care, in opposition to professional care and institutional care. The last paper, Shogo Takegawa's “Family Strategies?: Between Public Policy and Individual Strategies,” argued for establishing a positive spiral between family strategy and public policy. As for the commentators, Noriko Tateyama raised the topic of urban-family networking, and Hiroyuki Kubota proposed to grasp family strategy at multiple levels. Kuniko Kato and Kazue Muta chaired the symposium.