The effects of temporal trachea-occlusion at the end of expiration on internal intercostal muscle activity (IIMA) and diaphragmatic activity (DMA) were studied in the vagi-intact rabbit. This tracheal occlusion caused a marked prolongation of inspiration time due to a diminution of the vagally mediated inspiratory inhibition but the significant change in the next IIMA was not observed after releasing tracheal occlusion. In addition, the effects of temporal trachea-occlusion on pulmonary stretch receptor activity (PSRA) and DMA were also studied in the unilaterally vagotomized rabbit. The procedures remarkably inhibited the respiratory modulation of PSRA from inspiration to expiration. These results indicate that the change of PSRA in response to temporal trachea-occlusion does not significantly affect the next IIMA.