This paper presents the history of the application of a pavement management system (PMS) in Vietnam and the background to the successful development of a new PMS system that was customized from the Kyoto Model^{1), 2)} to make it suitable for local application. In addition, we report on a scheme for road asset management with sustainable cooperation between Japan and Vietnam, realized through the support of the Japan International Cooperation Agency as well as the contributions of many Japanese researchers and experts over a long period of time. Numerous efforts, both personal voluntary-based and organizational-based, have been made to enable the adequate transfer of technologies and knowledge, and to ensure that the capacity for road asset infrastructure management and maintenance is enhanced in a sustainable way. We are pleased to say that fruitful outcomes have been made from the perspectives of circumstance, location, and enhancement of human capacity. The approach adopted is also expected to be expanded to other fields, regions, and nations in a wider scope.